How is plastic waste generated? What are the benefits of recycling waste paper and waste plastics

Plastics, especially thermoplastics.

In every link of synthesis, molding processing, distribution and consumption, waste or waste products will be generated, collectively referred to as "plastic waste".Global PlasticizationIt is believed that the vast majority of them are generated in the process of consumption and use, and the largest amount of waste is especially in packaging materials, agricultural films and disposable drugs.

Waste plastic generation1.waste from resin production;

2.Scrap generated during the molding process;

3.Scrap from compounding and recycling processes;

4.Waste from secondary processing;

5.industrial post-consumer plastic waste;

1) Bags, barrels, etc. used in the chemical industry;

2) Containers and waste man-made fibers in the textile industry.

silk, etc.; 3) Packaging materials, foam shockproof pads, etc. in the home appliance industry;

4) Building materials, pipes, etc. in the construction industry;

5) Shrink film, stretch film, etc. in the filling industry;

6) Turnover boxes, egg trays, etc. in the food processing industry;

7) Mulch film, greenhouse film, fertilizer bag, etc. in agriculture;

8) Fishing nets, floats, etc. in fisheries;

9) Removed bumpers from scrapped vehicles.

Fuel tanks, battery tanks, etc.

6.Waste plastics after consumption.

Plastic products are ubiquitous in our daily life and agricultural production, and when the life or purpose of these products is reached, they will be discarded and become waste plastics.

Waste or waste products are generated at every stage of the synthesis, molding, processing, distribution and consumption of plastics.

Waste plastic**It can not only save resources and alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of plastic raw materials, but also at the same timeWaste plastic**It can also save land occupation space, increase the utilization rate of land resources, and make important contributions to environmental protection. **It is of great significance to use the road of reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization for the treatment of waste plastic products.

The reuse of waste plastics has broad prospects in China, and waste plastics can be refined by pyrolysis technology, and processed by waste plastic refining equipment, so that fuel oil, carbon black, and combustible gas can be extracted.

Fuel oil can be used as industrial fuel, carbon black can be directly used as fine grinding for rubber products and pigment additives.

Waste paper and waste plastic** precautions

It is necessary to pay attention to whether the waste products are dangerous, such as some containers containing chemicals, and we must pay attention to this, they are very dangerous, and we should also pay attention to the storage of gas cylinders.

Pay attention to fire prevention and prepare some fire extinguishers in advance.

Not only can you go through the security check above, but also to prevent the future, to pay attention to the changes in the market, in the order to send the waste business opportunity network every day, there are **express reports and analysis, the identification and classification of waste products have a very specific description, you can pay attention to your inventory and receipt according to this, from the surface to prevent the loss of **.

Step 1: Sort and collect.

This is the first step in the disposal of waste plastics, which facilitates their subsequent use.

Plastics discarded in the process of plastic production and processing, such as leftovers, foreign products and waste products, etc., have a single variety, no pollution and aging, and can be collected and disposed of separately.

Some of the waste plastics discharged in the circulation process can also be separated, such as agricultural PVC film, PE film, PVC cable sheathing material, etc.

Most of the waste plastics are mixed waste, in addition to the complex variety of plastics, but also mixed with various pollutants, labels and various composite materials.

Step 2: Crushing and sorting.

When crushing waste plastics, a suitable crusher should be selected according to its nature, such as a single, double-shaft or underwater crusher according to its softness and hardness. The degree of crushing varies greatly according to the needs, the size of 50-100mm is coarse grinding, 10-20mm is fine grinding, and less than 1mm is micro grinding.

There are multiple sorting technologies, such as electrostatic method, magnetic method, screening method, wind method, specific gravity method, floating beneficiation method, color separation method, X-ray separation method, near-infrared separation method, etc.

Step 3: Resource recycling.

Waste plastic recycling technology mainly includes the following aspects:

1. Direct recycling of mixed waste plasticsMixed waste plastics are mainly polyolefins, and its recycling technology has been extensively studied, but the results are not great.

2. Processing into plastic raw materials to collect relatively single waste plastics to process into plastic raw materials, which is the most widely used recycling technology, mainly used for thermoplastic resins, with recycled plastic raw materials can be used as raw materials for packaging, construction, agricultural and industrial appliances.

3. Processing into plastic products: Using the above-mentioned technology of processing plastic raw materials, the same or different kinds of waste plastics are directly molded and processed into products. Generally, most of them are thick products, such as plates or rods.

4. Thermal power utilization: Waste plastics in municipal garbage are sorted out for combustion to produce steam or power generation.

5. The calorific value of fuel-based waste plastics can be used, which is an ideal fuel, which can be made into solid fuel with uniform heat, but the chlorine content should be controlled below below. The common method is to crush waste plastic into fine powder or micro powder, and then mix it into slurry for fuel. If waste plastic does not contain chlorine, the fuel can be used in cement kilns, for example.

6. The research on thermal decomposition into oil is currently active, and the oil prepared can be used as fuel or crude raw material.

In principle, this is impossible to achieve, plastic is a kind of polymer compound, the molecular chain is long, the so-called "waste plastics", most of them have been degraded, or even seriously degraded, at this time the molecular chain has become shorter, this situation will affect the physical and chemical properties of plastics, even, unbearable use.

Under normal circumstances, in order to save costs, use new materials with a certain amount of recycled materials (that is, the so-called waste plastics), use, however, its performance is definitely worse than new materials, and there are also granulators to re-granulate the use, which is definitely not "waste materials into good materials", one more processing, will only reduce the performance of plastics.

Sell scrap and go to the scrap house, I'll come to your problem].

In 2006, according to the estimation of the relevant experts, China's scrap aluminum cans.

The ** rate is about 85%, and China produces at least 160,000 tons of cans every year, plus a small amount of imported canned drinks, with a total of about 200,000 tons.

In 2006, China's cans reached 8.5 billion, this year about 10 billion, and by 2010, carbonated drinks.

Production will reach 8 million tonnes, and if the canning rate is calculated at 20, the number of cans used will reach 12.4 billion.

According to data from China's environmental protection network, Chinese drink 100 bottles of 227ml bottled water a year, and according to incomplete statistics, China produces 3.5 million tons of waste plastic bottles every year.

As the consumption of plastic products continues to increase, the amount of waste plastics is also increasing. At present, China's waste plastics are mainly plastic films, plastic yarns and woven products, foam plastics, plastic packaging boxes and containers, daily plastic products, plastic bags and agricultural mulch films. In addition, China's annual consumption of automotive plastics has reached 400,000 tons, and the annual consumption of plastics for electronic appliances and household appliances has reached more than 1 million tons.

It is understood that in 2011, China's waste plastic production was about 28 million tons, and in 2012 it was 34.13 million tons. If the storage, transportation, and processing of these waste plastics are not properly applied and post-processed, they will inevitably damage the environment and endanger people's health. With the rise of the world's top plastic, as one of the derivatives of acacia oil interference, the water is naturally rising, and the recycling of waste plastics has also been mentioned in the first place.

The reuse of waste plastics has been widely adopted by modern chemical enterprises. After the waste plastic is manually screened and sorted, it also goes through the process of crushing, granulation, modification and other processes to become various transparent and opaque plastic particles, and then classified according to the quality, and finally becomes a recycled material that can be reused. Initially, plastics** were largely landfilled or incinerated, resulting in a huge waste of resources.

Therefore, waste plastics are used in blast furnace injection instead of coal, oil and coke, in cement rotary kilns instead of coal to burn cement, and to make garbage solid fuel (RDF) for power generation, with ideal results. RDF technology was originally developed in the United States. In recent years, in view of the shortage of landfills, the serious corrosion of HCI on boilers when the incinerator treats chlorine-containing waste plastics, and the dioxin pollution environment will be produced during the combustion process, the use of waste plastics with high calorific value of various combustible garbage to make a calorific value of 20933kJ kg and uniform particle size of RDF, even if the chlorine is diluted, it is also convenient for storage, transportation and coal for other boilers and industrial kilns.

Decomposed plastics can be decomposed in sunlight. Starch is also added to plastics to make it easier to biodecompose, but the decomposition is still incomplete. Some people have even used genetically modified bacteria to produce fully biodegradable plastics, but the cost is still high.

BASF AG (BASF) has developed a biodegradable plastic called EcoFlex for use in food packaging. The above degradable plastics are rarely used due to their cost. The plastic must be exposed to air to decompose, so if it is buried, it can still cause a problem of solid waste.

Recycled plastics are different forms of plastics that exist according to the fact that they still have the best utilization value after the end of their service life, and almost all thermoplastics have the best utilization value. Recycled plastics are produced in the production process of synthetic resins, in the production and processing of plastic products and semi-finished products, in the plastic logistics process and after consumer use. Generally, the products produced in the process of synthesis and processing are called pre-consumer plastics; The products produced after circulation, consumption, and use are called post-consumer plastics.

The amount of plastic produced before consumption is small, the quality is stable, and the recycling value is large, so it is generally properly disposed of in the production process and can be fully reused.

Blast furnace injection waste plastic technology is also a new method of treating waste plastics by using the high calorific value of waste plastics as raw materials to make suitable particle size and spray into blast furnaces to replace coke or pulverized coal. The application of waste plastics in foreign blast furnaces shows that the utilization rate of waste plastics is 80%, the emissions are incineration, the harmful gases produced are less, and the treatment cost is low. The blast furnace injection waste plastic technology has opened up a new way for the comprehensive utilization of waste plastics and the treatment of "white pollution", and also provided a new means for metallurgical enterprises to save energy and increase efficiency.

Germany and Japan have been successfully used since 1995. Waste-to-solid fuel power generation was first applied in the United States, and there are 37 RDF power stations, accounting for the proportion of waste-to-energy power stations. Japan has realized the huge potential of waste plastic for power generation.

In combination with the overhaul, Japan has changed some small garbage incineration stations into RDF production stations, so as to carry out continuous and high-efficiency large-scale power generation after concentration, so that the steam parameters of the waste-to-energy power stations have increased from 30012 to about 45012, and the power generation efficiency has increased from the original 15% to 20%-25%.

More than 700 liters of unleaded gasoline and diesel can be consumed from 1 ton of waste plastic by repurposing waste plastics into gasoline and diesel. One ton of waste plastic can be refined into 600 kilograms of gasoline and diesel, which saves resources to a large extent. The use of high-quality plastics for production can effectively enhance the competitiveness of industrial producers from both economic and environmental protection levels, and compared with new plastics, the use of high-quality plastics as raw materials for production can reduce energy consumption by 80% to 90%.

1. The environmental and economic value brought by PVC**:

Approximately 120 kg of CO2 will be generated from the collection and mechanization of 1 tonne of waste PVC, which can be used in products directly instead of the original materials. Environmental data from Plastics Europe shows that the production of 1 tonne of pure PVC material from raw materials (salts and oil) will produce 1,900 kg of CO2. In this way, the use of recycled materials will save 94% of CO2 emissions compared to using pure raw materials.

2. Recycled polyester has huge environmental advantages over virgin polyester

According to the EPA report, the production of recycled polysilva ester requires only 1 3 energy from virgin sources, reducing 2 3 sulfur dioxide and 50 nitrogen dioxide emissions, reducing water consumption by 10 times, reducing carbon emissions by a factor of two, and avoiding landfills of the same plastics.

The recycling of plastics not only saves social resources, but also saves production costs.