Clinical manifestations of acute pericarditis, early diagnostic signs of acute pericarditis are:

Answer]: c Acute pericarditis is one of the most common pericardial diseases, which is manifested in the early stage as an inflammatory reaction of the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium, and a viscous fluid composed of fibrous white deposition and multinucleated white blood cell aggregation, which is called fibrinous pericarditis. As the disease progresses, the exudate increases, and the amount of pericardial effusion varies after the early stage of the world, and it can be completely absorbed in the later stage, or it may be organized or calcified to develop into constrictive pericarditis (depending on **).

Thus, the main symptom in the early stages is chest pain, and the main sign is a pericardial friction rub, which disappears later in the signs of dyspnea and pericardial effusion due to the presence of large pericardial effusions. So the answer is c.

Answer: B

Chest pain is the main complaint of acute pericarditis, the nature and location of the pain are changeable, the first is often located behind the sternum or precordial area, can radiate to the neck and back, sharp pain, the pain is mostly aggravated in the lying position, coughing, deep inhalation, and relieved when the anterior collapse is tilted and sitting, so choose B.

Answer]: Symptoms: Patients may have high fever, chills, general malaise, decreased urine output, palpitations, shortness of breath and chest pain, and in severe cases, cyanosis and anuria.

Signs: increased heart rate, distant heart sounds, and early pericardial friction rub may be heard. When the fluid in the pericardial cavity rapidly heals, the fissures increase, and the pressure increases, causing diastolic restriction, systolic blood pressure dropping, diastolic blood pressure increasing, and source-empty pulse pressure decreasing, and pulse, venous pressure, jugular venous distention, hepatomegaly, and edema may occur.

Elevated total number of white blood cells and neutrophils, anemia, and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Chest x-ray is a good one: the heart shadow is enlarged and can appear "flask-like". The lung fields are clear.

ECG: low QRS voltage in each lead, elevated ST-T segment, and inverted T wave.

Echocardiology**: suggests pericardial thickening and pericardial effusion.

Pericardiocentesis: aspiration of purulent effusion confirms the diagnosis. Smear staining, bacterial culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the puncture fluid are performed to assist in diagnosis and guidance**.

Acute pericarditis is usually accompanied by pericardial effusion, which can affect cardiac function. Most pericarditis is tuberculous and may be present with pulmonary tuberculosis or tuberculous pleurisy. At the same time of strengthening, pericardiocentesis can be performed to pump water or a soft thin drainage tube can be placed in the pericardium to reduce the myocardial load.

If it becomes chronic, the pericardium is significantly thickened, and constrictive pericarditis occurs, which seriously affects cardiac function and leads to heart failure, pericardectomy is necessary.

Dr. Li Jianxing of Hebei Chest Hospital solemnly reminded that because the patient cannot be seen face-to-face and cannot fully understand the condition, the above suggestions are for reference only, and the specific diagnosis and treatment must be carried out in the hospital under the guidance of the doctor! ）