Which was more developed in maritime trade, the Southern Song Dynasty or the Northern Song Dynasty

Southern song dynasty. One of the evidences is that after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, all the whole country of Little Japan were dressed in white clothes, expressing their condolences to the emperor of the Holy Dynasty in their minds, and ignoring the call of the Yuan Dynasty, which angered Kublai Khan to go on an expedition to Japan.

Song Dynasty's Overseas **:

Due to the Western Xia blocking the Silk Road in the northwest and the southward shift of the economic center, from the Song Dynasty, the ports on the southeast coast became the new ** center. During the Tang Dynasty, only Guangzhou in the country had a municipal shipping department, which was responsible for foreign trade affairs. The Song Dynasty successively set up municipal shipping divisions in Guangzhou, Lin'an (Hangzhou), Qingyuan (Mingzhou, now Ningbo), Quanzhou, Banqiao Town, Mizhou, Jiaxing (Xiuzhou), Huating County (now Songjiang), Zhenjiang Prefecture, Pingjiang Prefecture (Suzhou), Wenzhou, Jiangyin Jun (now Jiangyin), Jiaxing Prefecture (Xiuzhou), Pengpu Town (now Haiyan), Jiaxing Prefecture (Xiuzhou), Shanghai Town (now downtown Shanghai) and other places to manage overseas**.

4] Among them, Guangzhou, Quanzhou and Mingzhou are the largest. In the late Southern Song Dynasty, Quanzhou became the world's largest port and the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road. In the Song Dynasty, overseas business was divided into two ways: government operation and private business operation, of which private foreign trade accounted for the bulk of the business.

In the third year of Yuanfeng, the Song Dynasty formulated a "Guangzhou City Maritime Law", which was the first law in Chinese history. The various foreign trade ports have also set up "Fan City" in the city to sell foreign goods; "Fanfang" is for foreigners to live in; "Fan Xue" is for the children of foreign businessmen to receive education, and ** has also specially formulated a criminal punishment for Fan businessmen. Now there are still many tombs of feudal lords in Guangzhou and Quanzhou, which have become evidence of the prosperity of overseas at that time.

There are 58 countries in Eurasia, including Champong, Chenla, Sriwijaya, Kelantan, Boni, Balinfeng, Lanwuli, Diche, Sanyu, Dashi, Daqin, Persia, Baida, Majia, Yilu, Gulin, Xilan, Dengliumei, Zhongli, Sgariyah, and Mulanpi[5]. Song Dynasty exports included silk, porcelain, sugar, textiles, tea, and hardware.

Imports include ivory, coral, agate, pearls, frankincense, myrrh, benzoin, pepper, glass, tortoiseshell and hundreds of other goods. [6] The tax revenue obtained by the Song Dynasty from a large number of imported goods through the Shibo Division ranged from 530,000 guan in the Northern Song Dynasty Huangyou (1049-1054) to 630,000 guan in Zhiping (1064-1067) to 2 million guan in Shaoxing (1131-1162) in the Southern Song Dynasty, accounting for about 6% of the country's fiscal revenue, which played an important role in the prosperity of the Song Dynasty.

During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty set up a field at the junction with Jin and Dali to communicate with each other. The Song Dynasty exported medicinal herbs, tea, cotton, rhino horn, ivory, etc., and imported goods such as northern pearls, ginseng, furs, and horses. There is also a large amount of smuggling in the private sector**.

Due to the good credit of copper coins in the Song Dynasty, they were smuggled in large quantities to Southeast Asia and West Asia, and Korea and Japan at that time stopped using their own currencies and switched to Song money.

1 Because the Silk Road was blocked by the Western Xia, the Western Xia obtained the Hehuang region (now eastern Qinghai) when the Southern Song Dynasty was founded, and the land ** stopped. Almost all ** via the Maritime Silk Road. Due to the huge expenditure of annual coins, the Southern Song Dynasty had heavy internal taxes.

The economy is almost on top of the West **, which contributes to the prosperity of the sea.

2 On the sea, from Dengzhou and Mizhou in the north to Quanzhou and Guangzhou in the south, a total of 12 official foreign trade ports have been opened, and a municipal shipping department has been set up to manage foreign affairs. Ships departing from Quanzhou, Guangzhou, and other ports reached as far as Egypt in Africa and other East African countries at that time, exporting industrial products such as porcelain and silk of the Song Kingdom to the West in exchange for luxury goods such as spices, medicinal herbs, and ivory and gemstones. The development of the maritime transportation industry has also stimulated the development of the shipbuilding industry.

Shen Kuo wrote: "At the beginning of the country, the dragon boat of the two Zhejiang, more than 20 zhang long, is the palace floor, and the royal collapse is set up to prepare for the luck. ”

1 is the Southern Song Dynasty, 2 is the Northern Song Dynasty, relatively speaking, the Southern Song Dynasty is more developed.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, because the silk industry, ceramics industry, and tea were developed, they had to rely on import and export to make money, so the sea was developed.

It's a pity that the Southern Song Dynasty broke the Silk Road on the road, the shipping was developed, and it only prospered, while Turkey broke the Silk Road on the road to Europe, and Britain, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, etc., not only prospered the sea, but also had strong ships and guns, and the Age of Exploration came.

Southern Song Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty After Wang Anshi's reform, commerce was officialized, coupled with pirate infestation, control became stricter, and the sea ** continued to shrink.

Of course, it's the Southern Song Dynasty! At that time, Quanzhou was very famous!

The Southern Song Dynasty was developed overseas.

Introduction: As we all know, in ancient times, countries attached great importance to the development of agriculture, which was the first economic form at that time and an important pillar of national development. In fact, in addition to agriculture, the state will also obtain other economic income through some commercial development, and commerce is not limited to the streets and cities.

In fact, it will also be related to overseas**.

In ancient China, there was not only the land Silk Road, but also the maritime Silk Road.

This also played a certain role in improving the level of foreign and information exchanges in China's ancient society.

Unlike modern society, in the Southern Song Dynasty.

During the period, overseas ** was managed by the state, and the state also played an organizational role in overseas **, and many ** points were also set up at that time. Among them, Quanzhou was the largest maritime trade distribution point at that time, in addition, the city shipping department was also set up.

Manage maritime trade transactions. Although this limited the expansion and development of overseas residents, it did make the overseas society at that time more standardized, and it could also ensure the safety and stability of coastal residents to a certain extent.

The location of the Southern Song Dynasty** can reach as far as the Middle East.

Among them, the country that cooperated most frequently with the Southern Song Dynasty was Arabia.

From this, we can also see that the route traveled by the foreign ** during the Southern Song Dynasty was relatively far. This can also reflect the development of shipbuilding technology from the side. Because this is one of the important foundations for overseas development, the route also shows that there are more countries involved overseas, which also plays a very important role in improving the level of opening up of the country.

There are some historians.

It is pointed out that the objects of overseas ** in the Southern Song Dynasty reached more than 50 countries at that time, and the items of Qiaozi ** were also very numerous. Like tea, porcelain and silk, there are also spices and handicrafts. This can also reflect from the side that the strong national strength of the Southern Song Dynasty and the further development of production capacity have made commerce and overseas more developed.

Some of the income earned through overseas is also one of the most important revenues for the country.

One of the characteristics of overseas should be that the model has been developing agriculture, and then it is a unified organization and management of the whole country, and the first route is also set in advance. And I also brought back a lot of things from overseas, and of course, it was also the first step to make the motherland strong.

The characteristics of overseas ** is that the scale of transactions is very extensive, and there are many countries that are traded, and the way of transactions is very simple, and the transactions are very convenient, which has led to the economic exchanges and development of many Zhengqiao countries.

The reason for the development of overseas ** in the Song Dynasty:

1. Fundamental reasons: the development of agriculture and handicrafts, the prosperity of commerce (the development of productive forces) 2. Politics: **Encourage overseas**.

3. Technology: the development of navigation and shipbuilding technology.

4. Military: The Northern Silk Road was blocked, and had to find another way.

At that time, there were 58 countries in Eurasia, including Champang, Chenla, Srivijaya, Kelantan, Boni, Balinfeng, Lanwuli, Diche, Sanyu, Dashi, Daqin, Persia, Baida, Majia, Yilu, Gulin, Xilan, Dengliumei, Zhongli, Sgariyah, and Mulanpi.

The reason for the prosperity of the Maritime Silk Road during the Song and Yuan dynasties was that the Song Dynasty adopted mercantilism economically.

policy to encourage overseas hand halls**.

The development of the Maritime Silk Road has entered its heyday.

The shipbuilding technology and navigation technology of the Song Dynasty improved significantly, and the compass.

Widely used in navigation, the long-distance navigation ability of Chinese merchant ships has been greatly enhanced. The Song Dynasty maintained friendly relations with the southeastern coastal countries for most of the time, and Guangzhou became the largest port overseas.

The continuous development of the Maritime Silk Road in the Song Dynasty greatly increased the financial revenue of the imperial court and the port city, promoted economic development and urbanized life to a certain extent, and also provided convenient conditions for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. The development of the Maritime Silk Road has entered its heyday.

The reason for the prosperity of the Maritime Silk Road in the Song and Yuan dynasties was that the Song Dynasty regretted adopting a mercantilist policy in the economy and encouraging overseas, and the development of the Maritime Silk Road entered its heyday. State is positive.

I think that our ancient sea was originally developed, and the Song Dynasty understood that the Western Regions were lost, and the words of the Yuan Dynasty probably continued the situation of the Song Dynasty.

There are six reasons why the Song Dynasty is overseas ** developed.

1. The land route was blocked, during the Song and Song dynasties, the foreign tribes were prosperous, and the Liao, Xia, Jin and Mongolia rose one after another, which blocked China's land route to the Western Regions, so it was necessary to develop overseas**.

2. Open up the market, the industry and commerce in the Song Dynasty were developed, the manufacturing technology of porcelain, textiles and other products was relatively advanced, and the output of domestic commodities was increasing, so it was necessary to find overseas markets.

3. Due to the annual payment of annual currency, coupled with the needs of the royal family, the Song family was in financial difficulties, and the market was very profitable, so in order to increase the treasury revenue, we vigorously encouraged overseas to improve financial difficulties.

4. The Song Dynasty has perfect management of overseas, set up cities in various coastal areas, and legislated to protect the rights and interests of foreign businessmen, and set up Fanfang, which is convenient for foreign businessmen, so that foreign businessmen can come to Huasen pants day by day.

5. The shipbuilding industry in the Song Dynasty was developed, the navigation technology was advanced, and the equipment was advanced, which provided sufficient conditions for the development of overseas enterprises.

6. After the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, China's economic center of gravity has shifted southward, and during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the southern countries all paid attention to the development of the sea, and the Northern Song Dynasty did not stop, and the southeast of the Southern Song Dynasty vigorously advocated the sea.

Introduction to the Southern Song Dynasty:

The Southern Song Dynasty is the Dachun Zheng Dynasty of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qiyuan Dynasty in ancient China, founded by Zhao Gou, the capital of Lin'an, and the Northern Song Dynasty are collectively known as the Song Dynasty, a total of 5 generations and 9 emperors, enjoying the country for 152 years.

1. The people of the Song Dynasty invented the compass, which has high shipbuilding technology and is conducive to the navigation of the Xun world.

2. **Encourage citizens to go overseas**.

3. The commerce of the Song Dynasty was prosperous, and there were more overseas merchants who came to the Song Dynasty, which led to the development of the Song Dynasty.

4. People live a stable and prosperous life.

1. The people of the Song Dynasty invented the compass, which has high shipbuilding technology and is conducive to the navigation of the Xun world.

2. **Encourage citizens to go overseas**.

3. The commerce of the Song Dynasty was prosperous, and there were more overseas merchants who came to the Song Dynasty, which led to the development of the Song Dynasty.

4. People live a stable and prosperous life.

The reason for the development of overseas ** in the Song Dynasty:

1. Fundamental reasons: the development of agriculture and handicrafts, the prosperity of dust-covered commerce (the development of productive forces) 2. Politics: **Encourage overseas**.

3. Technology: the development of navigation and shipbuilding technology.

4. Military: The Northern Silk Road was blocked, and had to find another way.

At that time, the countries that traded with China were: Champong, Chenla, Sriwijaya, Kelantan, Boni, Balinfeng, Lan Wuli, Diche, Sanyu, Dashi, Daqin, Persia, Baida, Majia, Yilu, Gulin, Xilan, Dengliumei, Zhongli, Sgarye, Mulan Pi and other Eurasian Wuwutuan Zen 18 countries.