Architectural topographic analysis, introduction to topographic analysis

In terms of terrain, you can look at the plains, mountains, or basins where you are located, whether there are river channels nearby or what, the doors and windows are generally oriented to the south, there are many factors that affect the road, and it has a great impact in the business environment.

Mainly refer to local hydrological, geological and other data. Analyze! If the design is energy-saving, the window-to-wall ratio should also be considered. There are specific provisions for specific reference to the mandatory provisions of engineering construction!

The first thing to look at is what kind of terrain it is, whether it is flat or sloping or mountainous. If it is a sloping land, how big is the slope, is there an obvious height difference, can you tidy up the base by yourself, like digging soil or something. There is also geology, the water table (when it comes to basements, etc.).

If you are considering opening a window or something, you should know the direction of the terrain, ** is north and south or something, according to the city where your terrain is located, determine the direction of the sun, and then determine the window. There is also ventilation and so on, and it is also necessary to understand the wind direction of the place. If you want to go on a field trip, you need to observe the direction of concentration and flow.

Topographic and geomorphological analysis.

Topographic and geomorphological analysis is an important part of urban planning and one of the basic analyses of urban planning. Topographic and geomorphological analysis has a wide range of applications in different periods and depths of urban planning, from macro-scale urban site selection, urban layout, and functional area organization to micro-scale road pipe network and landscape organization, all of which are affected by topography and landform, so the impact of topographic and geomorphological analysis on urban planning is ubiquitous.

In recent years, with the development of information technology, especially GIS technology, various new methods and application models have been continuously integrated into the field of urban planning, and the traditional terrain analysis has developed from two-dimensional plane analysis to new three-dimensional terrain analysis and three-dimensional perspective drawing, so as to help planners carry out reasonable and scientific urban planning according to the terrain characteristics.

The basis of terrain analysis is to build a digital elevation model (DEM). DEM is mainly used to describe the undulation of the ground, and can be used to extract various terrain parameters, such as slope, aspect, etc., and perform application analysis such as visibility analysis. At present, the establishment of DEM is mainly based on:

contour lines in topographic maps; extracting elevation data from remote sensing images; Others, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and laser scanning altimetry systems.

Topographic analysis is a method of deducing and inferring the process and development of crustal movements that cannot be directly observed by using directly observable geomorphological and external processes.

Terrain design is an important part of landscape architecture design and one of the necessary means of outdoor environment creation. Topography refers to the characteristics of the surface in three dimensions, in addition to the most basic bearing function, it also plays a role in shaping space, organizing sightlines, regulating local climate and enriching visitor experience. At the same time, topography is also an important means of organizing surface drainage.