How many centimeters was divided into in ancient times, and how many centimeters was a ruler in anci

In ancient times, humans have been measuring the length of fields and other fields, and at first human hands and feet were used as units of length. However, human hands and feet were of different sizes, and difficulties were encountered in the exchange of goods, so objects were used as the unit of measurement, such as the ancient Egyptian wrist ruler that appeared in 2400 BC, the ivory ruler that appeared in the Shang Dynasty in China, and the new mangtong caliper made in 9 AD.

The ancient degree measurement unit in China is different from dynasty to dynasty, and the degree system of the Han Dynasty is basically as follows: 1 citation = 10 zhang, 1 zhang = 10 feet. 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes, and the combined is now:

1 citation = 2310cm; 1 zhang = 231cm; 1 shaku=; 1 inch=; 1 point = .

An ancient Western Jin Dynasty ivory ruler (Fig. 1), length, width and thickness of centimeters, excavated from an ancient well at the construction site on Shengzhou Road in Nanjing. The long strip is scaled, both sides of the scale, both of which occupy only half of the ruler surface, and the other half is plain. The part of the scale is divided into quintiles, each point should be one inch, divided by 3 circles, and the length of the inch is not equal to centimeters.

At the fifth inch left and right ends of the five-minute index line, each engraved a circle dot pattern. There are traces of cinnabar in individual circles. There is a circular perforation at one end of the ruler.

The ancient rulers of the Six Dynasties seen so far are mostly seen in tombs. This ancient ruler of the Six Dynasties is made of ivory, and it is speculated that it may be an "official-style ruler", and its shape and size should have a more typical representative significance.

Pei Xiu of the Jin Dynasty summed up the experience of his predecessors when compiling the "Yugong Geographical Map" and proposed the epoch-making "Six Bodies of Cartography". The "Six Bodies of Cartography" became the theoretical basis of ancient Chinese cartography, and the "Yugong Regional Map" drawn under the guidance of this theory became a model for future generations of cartography.

The Abbot Map is a map miniature drawn by Pei Xiu based on the "Great Map of the World". "Beitang Book Banknote" recorded: "Sikong Pei Xiu, with the old world map, with 80 horses of silk (fine silk), it is difficult to save the view, and the matter is not judged, but it is reduced to the abbot's map."

It is divided into ten miles, one inch is a hundred miles, and the famous mountain capital is prepared, and the king can know the Quartet without going down to the court. This shows that before Pei Xiu, someone used 80 fine silk to draw the "Great Picture of the World". This picture is too large to be displayed, so Pei Xiu abbreviated it into "Abbot Map" according to the scale of "one inch is a hundred miles".

It can be inferred that the size of the Jin Dynasty is basically the same as that of the Han Dynasty: one inch is ten points, and one minute is about equal to .

One inch is equal to a centimeter; One ruler is equal to a centimeter; One zhang is equal to centimeters; One millimeter is equal to a centimeter. These are common units of length measurement in the market. One zhang and one zhang, Chinese vocabulary, generally used as a measure word, the collapse of the group is equivalent to ten feet of collapse, but before the Ming and Qing dynasties, they were different.

1 zhang = 10 feet. I would like to shoot 3 feet = 1 meter, and before the Ming and Qing dynasties, they were different. So, today 1 zhang = 10 3 meters. One ruler is equal to 10 3 decimeters, that is, decimeters, and one inch is equal to 10 3 centimeters or rulers.

The length of a ruler in ancient China (convertible according to the base system): one ruler was equal to a centimeter in the Han Dynasty, one ruler was equal to a centimeter in the Wei and Jin dynasties, one ruler was equal to a centimeter in the Sui and Tang dynasties, and one ruler was equal to a centimeter in the Song and Yuan dynasties.

In the Shang Dynasty, one foot is in the present, according to this scale, the height of the person is about one zhang, so it is called "husband"; Zhou Dynasty, one foot is in the present; In Qin, it was about one foot; In the Han Dynasty, one foot was about; Three Kingdoms, one foot together today; Southern Dynasties, about one foot; Northern Wei Dynasty, one foot together today.

The ruler of ancient times was shorter than the ruler of today. The distance between the original ruler and the man's extended thumb and middle finger was about 20 centimeters, and the one ruler of the Zhou Dynasty was the current centimeter. By the time of the Warring States Period, one foot was about a centimeter now, but at that time, all countries were not completely consistent, such as the unearthed Warring States Chu ruler was a centimeter long.

The length of the single stare Zen position conversion, the original unit of the front shed is the ruler, the target single keygen dust level is centimeters, the base system is, calculate how many centimeters 1 foot is equal to:

1 \times

1 ruler is equal to a centimeter.

1. The ancient "ruler" in ancient times "cloth refers to the inch, and the cloth hand knows the ruler" Shang Dynasty, a foot is in line with the present, according to this scale, the person is about one zhang high, so it is called "husband"; Zhou Dynasty, one foot is in the present; In Qin, it was about one foot; In the Han Dynasty, one foot was about; Three Kingdoms, one foot together today; Southern Dynasties, about one foot; Northern Wei Dynasty, one foot together today.

Sui Dynasty, one foot is in the present; In the Tang Dynasty, one foot is in the present; In the Song and Yuan dynasties, one foot was in the present; In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the carpentry was a foot together with the present, and the ruler was cut in the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty.

2. The conversion of meters and centimeters commonly used by people now is that 1 meter is equal to 3 feet, and 1 foot is equal to. The ancient ruler and the current ruler will have an error of a few centimeters because of the different standards stipulated by each dynasty.

In ancient times, 1 foot is about a modern centimeter. In ancient times, the height of eight feet is about a modern centimeter.

It is clearly recorded in the texts that:

Xiang Yu, eight feet two inches tall, is a meter.

Liu Bang, who is seven feet eight inches tall, is a meter.

Han Xin, who is eight feet five inches tall, is a meter.

In addition, some scholars have studied that the earliest record of the height of Chinese is the "Lingshu Sutra". In the fourteenth chapter of the "Lingshu Sutra", "Bone", the height of the ancients is mentioned: "A person is seven feet five inches long", and the length of the bones of each part of the body of the ancients is given according to this height.

However, in the twelfth chapter of the "Lingshu Sutra", "Jingshui", a common height data of the ancients was mentioned: "eight-foot people", and the saying "eight-foot height" commonly used in later generations was the earliest reason for this.

Pro, different dynasties have different standards for the size of defeat. In the Shang Dynasty, one foot is equal to today, according to this scale, the height of the person is about one zhang, so it is called "husband"; In that Zhou Dynasty, one foot was about equal to today's ; When the Qin Dynasty was announced, one foot was about equal to ; During the Han Dynasty, one foot was about to; At the time of the Three Kingdoms, one foot is in the present; Southern Dynasties, about one foot; Northern Wei Dynasty, a foot together with Tongyou trembling today; Today, a ruler is about equal to a centimeter).

The length of a foot is different in different eras, and the following is the specific length:

In the Shang Dynasty, one foot is in the present, according to this scale, the height of the person is about one zhang, so it is called "husband";

Zhou Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In Qin, it was about one foot;

In the Han Dynasty, one foot was about;

Three Kingdoms, one foot together today;

Southern Dynasties, about one foot;

Northern Wei Dynasty, one foot together today.

Sui Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Tang Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Song and Yuan dynasties, one foot was in the present;

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, carpentry was one foot in the present.

Since the beginning of human beings, primitive people cloth fingers for inches, cloth palms for rulers, elbows for zhang, to Qin Shi Huang unified weights and measures, until the emergence of today's modern measurement technology, the evolution of the ancient degree system reflects the changes of history.

Summer: 1 foot = 10 inches (1 foot = cm).

quotient: 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = centimeter).

Zhou: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = cm).

Qin: 1 Yin = 10 zhang, 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 chi = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = cm).

Han: 1 quotation = 10 zhang, 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 ruler = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = cm).

Xinmang; Later Han Dynasty: 1 citation = 10 zhang, 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 ruler = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = 23 cm).

Three Kingdoms: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = cm).

Western Jin Dynasty: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = 23 cm).

Eastern Jin Dynasty: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = cm).

Sixteen Kingdoms: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = centimeter).

Northern and Southern Dynasties: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (1 foot = cm; 1 ruler = centimeter).

Sui: 1 zhang = 10 feet, 1 foot = 10 inches, 1 inch = 10 minutes (early stage: 1 foot = cm; Late stage: 1 foot = cm).

Each period is different, as follows:

In ancient times, "the cloth refers to the inch, and the cloth hand knows the ruler".

In the Shang Dynasty, one foot is in the present, according to this scale, the height of the person is about one zhang, so it is called "husband";

Zhou Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In Qin, it was about one foot;

In the Han Dynasty, one foot was about;

Three Kingdoms, one foot together today;

Southern Dynasties, about one foot;

Northern Wei Dynasty, one foot together today.

Sui Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Tang Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Song and Yuan dynasties, one foot was in the present;

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, carpentry was one foot in the present.

In the Shang Dynasty, one foot is in the present, according to this scale, the height of the person is about one zhang, so it is called "husband";

Zhou Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In Qin, it was about one foot;

In the Han Dynasty, one foot was about;

Three Kingdoms, one foot together today;

Southern Dynasties, about one foot;

Northern Wei Dynasty, one foot together today.

Sui Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Tang Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Song and Yuan dynasties, one foot was in the present;

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, carpentry was one foot in the present.

Modern times: 3 feet, 1 meter, 1 meter, 1 centimeter (cm).

Dynasties are different:

In the Shang Dynasty, one foot is in the present, according to this scale, the height of the person is about one zhang, so it is called "husband";

Zhou Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In Qin, it was about one foot;

In the Han Dynasty, one foot was about;

Three Kingdoms, one foot together today;

Southern Dynasties, about one foot;

Northern Wei Dynasty, one foot together today.

Sui Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Tang Dynasty, one foot is in the present;

In the Song and Yuan dynasties, one foot was in the present;

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, carpentry was one foot in the present.

Now, three feet is one meter.

Hand Heng crack Qin time: one foot about centimeter;

Han time: one foot is about centimeter;

Sui Dynasty: One foot is a centimeter;

Tang Dynasty: One foot is one centimeter;

Song and Yuan dynasties: one foot is a centimeter;

When the Ming Dynasty closed the Qing Dynasty: one foot of carpentry is one centimeter.