How do solar sails stop? If with a solar sail how the spacecraft flies back to Earth

In general, it can be multiplied in this way, and in principle, it is possible to increase the area of the solar sail to achieve a higher speed in three years.

The orbit can be designed to use the gravitational pull of the asteroid to slow down and change the direction of movement, and the angle of the sail board should be adjusted at any time during the operation of the spacecraft to correct the orbit. You can't wait until you're on target to slow down.

In the past, Voyagers used planets to accelerate, and in the same way, they could be used to slow down.

Solar sails Arabian Nights.

How to get back is a question Maybe it's gone.

Can the gravitational pull of the sun or other planets be overcome.

You can't make an anti-gravity device, and all interstellar tourism is utopian.

Why do you have to go to Pluto and spray the brakes? It is possible to start spraying material to slow down the brakes when there is still a certain distance from Pluto. You can make a function to find out where to slow down so that you can spend the least time on the road.

Moreover, the farther away from the sun, the weaker the solar wind becomes, and the speed reached by the solar sail cannot be calculated simply by multiplication.

In fact, it is very simple, as the spacecraft gets farther and farther away from the sun, the potential energy becomes larger and larger, and the kinetic energy becomes smaller and smaller. It's also going to get slower and slower. Therefore, when the speed of the solar sail reaches a certain value, the solar spacecraft will retract the solar sail.

At this time, the spacecraft flies under the action of inertia, while gradually decelerating under the gravitational pull of the sun. When it reaches Pluto, its velocity drops to a close approximation of Pluto, and then it joins Pluto and carries out its exploration mission.

The return process is very simple and much easier than flying out. The spacecraft only needs to slow down slightly to get out of Pluto's orbit and into a return orbit.

It should be noted that when the spacecraft reaches aphelion, its velocity will be at an angle of 90 degrees to the sun, so as long as the solar sail is placed at a certain angle, it is completely possible to use the solar sail to slow down. However, since the sunlight in the vicinity of Pluto is weak, it will not work very well.

After the spacecraft enters the return orbit, the flight speed is roughly in the direction of the sun, and its potential energy decreases during the return process, the kinetic energy increases, and the speed becomes faster and faster. Therefore, it can slow down by simply pointing the solar sail at the sun.

It is difficult to act against the light pressure only by using the solar sail, but there can be a compromise method, because the vacuum in the universe is very high, it can almost be regarded as no frictional resistance, so when you use a speed to move forward, if there is no other external force, you will not stop, use the solar wind to accelerate to a certain extent, you can retract the solar sail, sail to another solar system with the help of inertia, open the solar sail again, use the light pressure of the opposite sun to decelerate and then land with a conventional engine, When you come back, you can also use the sunlight pressure there to accelerate, and when you reach your home, you can repeat the landing steps, so that you can go back and forth.

If you can fly over, you can fly back. Or: if there is energy (there must be light).

The solar energy is converted into kinetic energy for the spacecraft, which drives the spacecraft back to Earth.

100% reflective ??? No way? There is always an absorption part, and this part is turned into kinetic energy.

Japan is an island country, and it has good natural technology to live on boats.

Once the electrons are locked, a surprising amount of electricity is generated in the very close proximity of the electrons, and the vacuum is destroyed, possibly causing the appearance of antiparticles.

With a particle accelerator, here are the details.

Yes protons are negatively charged and electrons are positively charged.

There is light pressure, and it takes energy to emit light, which obviously cannot be free, and the light pressure is generally small, but in space, it can theoretically be powered, but there is conservation of momentum, and it is obviously impossible to connect the light sail and the light source together.

It is very impractical to use the solar sail as the driving force, and the kinetic energy is too small, which requires too much directionality of the area of the solar sail and the distance of the light source. Now it is more practical to use the reaction force of a small nuclear bomb** for interstellar travel.

The cross-sectional area of the Earth is approximately, and the solar light pressure at 1 astronomical unit is estimated at about 100% reflectivity).

Multiply the two numbers, and the result is about the weight of a fully loaded supercarrier.