Is water an insulator or a conductor, and pure water a conductor or an insulator?

Purified water is insulated.

But if there are impurities in the water.

It's an electrolytic solution.

It's a conductor.

But in real life, water is impure.

Pure water (distilled water) is an insulator, and we generally think of water as a conductor because there are impurity ions in the water, such as tap water.

Pure water is an insulator.

However, water generally contains impurities.

It is the ions of these impurities that conduct electricity in the water.

There are also impurities in the water that are conductors.

Water in physics refers to water used in daily life, which contains various ions and is a conductor.

Pure water is difficult to ionize, there are very few free ions, and the conductivity is extremely poor, so pure water is an insulator.

Pure water (compound) insulators.

Conductor of daily water (mixture (containing calcium and magnesium compounds, in the case of electrolysis, metal ions will move because of the presence of electric valence compounds)).

Water in physics refers to water used in daily life, which is a conductor. Rather than in a chemical sense, pure water is difficult to ionize, has very few free ions, and has extremely poor conductivity, so water is an insulator.

Pure water is generally considered to be an insulator, but in fact pure water can conduct electricity.

The water in the water pipe is the conductor, and H2O or distilled water is the insulator.

Pure water is an insulator.

Other water that contains impurities is the conductor.

Conductors, don't you know such simple common sense?

Purified water is an insulator. Substances that are not good at conducting electric current are called insulators, and insulators are also called dielectrics. They have extremely high resistivity.

Definition of insulator: An object that does not easily conduct electricity is called an insulator. Insulators and conductors, there are no absolute boundaries.

The conductivity of an insulator is determined by the behavior of electrons in a substance. The behavior of electrons in a crystal depends on the band structure. When the energy difference between the bottom of the conduction band and the top of the valence band (band gap) is large, it does not conduct electricity under the usual electric field.

For substances with a small energy gap, although they are insulators when the temperature is low, when the temperature increases, the valence band electrons are excited to the conduction band, and they will also conduct electricity.

In addition, when an electron or hole on the energy level of impurities in the band gap is excited to the conduction band or valence band, it also conducts electricity. Substances in both cases are commonly referred to as semiconductors. When an insulator is irradiated with light with an energy greater than the band gap, the valence band electrons are excited to the conduction band, leaving holes in the valence band, both of which can conduct electricity, a phenomenon known as photoconductance.

If two conductors are not insulated from each other and are turned on, it is a larger conductor, which is equivalent to a resistor, not a capacitor. Insulation, a physical term, refers to a safety measure that uses non-conductive substances to isolate or wrap a charged body to protect against electric shock.

Good insulation is the most basic and reliable means to ensure the safe operation of electrical equipment and lines and prevent the occurrence of personal electric shock accidents. Insulation can generally be divided into three categories: gas insulation, liquid insulation, and solid insulation. In practical applications, solid insulation is still the most widely used and reliable insulating substance.

Principle. Under the action of strong electricity, the insulating material may be broken down and lose its insulating properties. Among the above three types of insulating substances, after the gas insulating material is broken down, it can restore its inherent electrical insulation properties by itself once the external factor (strong electric field) is removed; After the solid insulating material is broken down, it irreversibly loses its electrical insulation properties completely.

Therefore, the insulation selection of electrical circuits and equipment must match the voltage level, and must be adapted to the use environment and operating conditions to ensure the safety of insulation.

In addition, due to corrosive gases, vapors, moisture, conductive dust, and mechanical operation, the insulation performance of the insulating material may be reduced or even destroyed. Moreover, the long-term effect of environmental factors such as sunlight and wind and rain can also make the insulating material aging and gradually lose its insulation performance.

The insulation resistance of various lines and equipment under different conditions is roughly as follows:

Under normal circumstances, the low pressure after new installation or overhaul should not be less than 100m; The insulation resistance of low-voltage lines and equipment in operation should not be less than 3mV; The insulation resistance of equipment and circuits in wet occasions should not be lower; The insulation resistance in the control line should generally not be less than 1m, and the insulation resistance of the high-voltage line and equipment should generally not be less than 1000m.

Insulating from each other means that two objects are insulated from each other, and even if there is an electric current passing through them, they are not conductive and are insulators.

Tap water is a conductor. Because tap water contains a lot of minerals and anions, it conducts electricity.

Tap water refers to the water produced by the tap water treatment plant after purification and disinfection that meets the corresponding standards for people's life and production. Domestic water is mainly absorbed from rivers, lakes, groundwater and surface water through the water intake pumping station of the water plant, which is treated by the waterworks in accordance with the relevant health standards for domestic drinking water, through precipitation, disinfection, filtration and other technological processes, and finally transported to various users through the water distribution pumping station.

The solution of the electrolyte or the molten electrolyte known as the electrolyte is also a conductor whose carriers are positive and negative ions. Experiments have found that most pure liquids can also be dissociated, but to a very small extent, so they are not conductors. For example, the resistivity of pure water is as high as 10 4 ohms, which is 10 10-10 12 times greater than the resistivity of metal.

However, if a little electrolyte is added to pure water, the ion concentration increases greatly, causing the resistivity to decrease greatly and becoming a conductor.

The resistivity of the electrolyte is much greater than that of the metal, because the concentration of carriers in the electrolyte is much smaller than that of the metal, and the force of the ion with the surrounding medium is greater, making its mobility in the external electric field much smaller. The electrolyte is accompanied by chemical changes and the transfer of substances during the electrification process, which is called the second type of conductor.

It is often used in the electrochemical industry, such as electrolytic purification, electroplating, etc. Conductors that do not cause chemical changes during the conduction process and do not have significant material transfer, such as metals, are called "first-class conductors".

In fact, if it is the "pure water" that we talk about in our daily life, that is, the general drinking water, it is electrically conductive, and it contains freely moving ions and some other impurities, so it is electrically conductive.

There is also the so-called "pure water." , which is non-conductive. For example, we call the distillation of tap water distilled water. Chemically speaking, water itself is an extremely weak electrolyte, and very weak ionization occurs, so in pure water without impurities, the concentration of freely moving ions is at the minus 7th power of 10, which can be ignored, that is, basically none, and is an insulator.

As far as the test is concerned, the "pure water" he refers to is generally considered to be pure water, that is, it is non-conductive and is an insulator. In fact, there is no substance that is absolutely non-conductive, but some substances are too conductive and can be regarded as insulators. There is no absolute insulator.