What is an insulator, please explain its principle in terms of electron transfer

Under the influence of certain external conditions, such as heating and high pressure, the insulator will be "broken down" and converted into an insulator.

Conductor. An insulator is also not an absolutely non-conductive object until it is broken down. If a voltage is applied at both ends of the insulating material, a weak current will appear in the material.

There are usually only trace amounts of free electrons in insulating materials, and the charged particles that participate in conduction before being broken down are mainly intrinsic ions and impurity particles dissociated by thermal motion. The electrical properties of insulators are reflected in processes such as conductance, polarization, loss, and breakdown. An insulator is a substance that can block the flow of heat (thermal insulator) or charge (electrical insulator).

The opposite of electrical insulators are conductors and semiconductors, which allow the flow of electric charge (note: strictly speaking, a semiconductor is also an insulator because at low temperatures it blocks the flow of electric charge unless other atoms are doped in the semiconductor, which can release excess charge to carry the current). The term electrical insulator has the same meaning as dielectric, but the two terms are used in different fields.

There are only a small number of electrons inside the insulator that can move freely, which means that it only has a binding charge inside, and the bound charge cannot move in the electric field. There are a large number of electrons that can move freely inside the conductor, when the conductor is in the electric field, such as in the circuit, the electric field will form a lot of charges at both ends of the conductor, there are positive charges and negative charges, the free charge inside the conductor begins to move, the electrons move to the positive charge, and then the current is formed inside the conductor. Insulators, on the other hand, have only a small number of free electrons, so there are not many electrons that can move, and the current formed is very small, almost none.

Under the influence of certain external conditions, such as heating and high voltage, the insulator will be "broken down" and converted into an insulator conductor.

There are no free moving electrons inside the insulator, which means that it only has a binding charge inside, and the bound charge cannot move in the electric field unless it breaks down.

The ability of the nucleus of various substances to bind electrons is different, so the ability of matter to gain and lose electrons is also different, so in the phenomenon of electrostatics, the transfer of charge is the transfer of electrons. We use the theory of atomic structure to explain electrical phenomena.

Conductors and insulated carry-on bodies.

They can be transformed into each other.

Whether an object conducts electricity or not is determined by the directional movement of electrons within the object.

Under certain conditions, the electrons of the insulator can also be oriented to a certain extent, thus becoming a conductor.

For example, chain glass is an insulator that becomes a conductor when heated.

Pure water is an insulator, and when salt is added, it becomes a conductor.

On the contrary, the conductor can also become an insulator under certain conditions.

Insulators are not infinitely resistant, the simplest is to apply an infinite voltage, such as air and lightning.

Pure water is also an insulator, and it can also conduct electricity when a little impurity is added to turn it into a mixture.

From a microscopic point of view, the molecules of the insulator are relatively stable, but when they receive enough external influences, they may become unstable, for example: the air is broken down by lightning because of ionization, and the pure water adds impurities, that is, it brings in various electrons, and it becomes a conductor.

Therefore, there are many conditions to determine whether to conduct electricity, the most important thing is that the nature of the thing itself determines that the glass rod can conduct electricity when it burns red.

Dry sticks are insulators, but damp sticks can conduct electricity.

The harm of electric shock is not that it touches electricity, but that the electric current passes through the body, especially when the heart stops beating. The current flows to the insulator like water touching a dam, and as long as the dam is strong enough, the water cannot flow through. The charge on the insulator is charged on the surface and opposite signs on the inside, and the whole is electrically balanced.

The conductivity of an object is the ability of a good charge to move.

In the insulator, although there are electrons, these electrons are not free electrons, so the electrons in the absolute leakage margin body cannot move directionally to form a current, so it can also prevent electric shock.

If you think of the human body and the rubber rod as a series circuit, the rubber rod has a very large resistance, resulting in a very small inflow of current that is acceptable to the human being.

Can charge be transferred in an insulator?

OK. Physics textbooks introduce positive and negative charges, for example, when silk rubs against a glass rod, the charge carried by the glass rod is positively charged, which means that after friction, the free electrons on the glass rod are transferred to the silk, and the glass rod is positively charged. Silk and glass rods are insulators in a bunch of states.

What is an insulator?

Definition of insulator: An object that does not easily conduct electricity is called an insulator. Insulators and conductors, there are no absolute boundaries. Insulators can be converted into conductors under certain conditions. For example: such as plastic, rubber, glass, ceramics, purified water, air, etc.

Hello, because electrons are moving, while protons are not moving (so to speak!). Let's use the analogy of a building full of people; The whole building is equivalent to an uncharged conductor, and of course it is filled with people! If a family comes to the building at this time, that is, an outsider enters the building, and the building is equivalent to a conductor with negative electricity; If a family goes out to work at this time, that is, someone leaves the building, and the building is equivalent to a positively charged conductor at this time; In this process, people are equivalent to electrons, and every empty room is equivalent to protons, and injected into people's rooms is equivalent to atoms) Therefore, protons cannot be moved.

Theoretically, electrons can be completely transferred.

It is impossible to completely transfer electrons in real life (weak question, is there an insulating metal that is not electrically charged?). It should be an uncharged metal! Insulation means that it does not conduct electricity, while metal is conductive! Got it? ）

Hehe.........

In support of the upstairs, the explanation is quite clear, the building is equivalent to a charged body, people are equivalent to electrons, and protons are equivalent to every empty room.

I just want to ask, theoretically electrons can be completely transferred???

No, the explanation upstairs explains.

In any case, it is not possible to transfer electrons completely.