The main value of Sudan grass, Sudan grass cultivation technology

Sudan grass is highly valuable as a green fodder used in summer, and feeding cows can maintain high milk production. It can also be fed to other livestock. The stems and leaves of Sudan grass are softer than those of corn and sorghum and are easy to dry hay.

Sudan grass has strong regenerative power, the first crop is suitable for mowing freshly fed or dried hay, and after the second crop, the regenerated grass is grazing. Sudan grass has a high yield of stems and leaves, rich sugar content, and can be crossed with sorghum, after hybridization, the plant is tall and the yield of fresh grass is high. It is cultivated in dry farming areas and is used to prepare silage, which has a feed value that exceeds that of corn silage.

Sudan grass is highly drought resistant and can adapt well to the natural conditions of warm and arid climates. The tillering period is long, the number of tillers is large, the growth is rapid, the regeneration ability is good, and it can be mowed two to three times a year. The yield is high and stable, the grass is of good quality and rich in nutrients, and its protein content ranks first among annual grasses.

It is used for preparing hay, silage, green fodder or grazing, horses, cattle and sheep like to eat, and it is also a good feed for fish.

Sudan grass is most valuable as a green fodder for summer use. In mid-summer, fresh grass is produced the most, which can be used as green fodder for dairy cows at this time, and the stems and leaves of Sudan grass are softer than corn and sorghum, and it is easier to dry hay. Mowing 2-3 times a year, leaving 7-8 cm of stubble, can produce 8000-10000 kg of fresh grass, the effect of feeding beef cattle and feeding alfalfa, sorghum hay is not much different, sheep, fish, pigs also like.

Species toxicity. Sudan grass is a sorghum plant, and its stems and leaves contain hydrocyanic acid, which is more toxic. The main characteristics of poisoning are:

Difficulty breathing, extreme weakness and weakness of the whole body, muscle spasms, dilated pupils, weak pulse, and finally coma and exhaustion died. Livestock should be immediately treated with 1 gram of sodium nitrite, 1 gram of sodium thiosulfate, and 50 ml of water for injection, mixed and injected intravenously. In addition, corn seedlings, sorghum seedlings, pumpkin seedlings, etc. also contain high cyanogenic glycosides, which are also converted into hydrocyanic acid after livestock feeding.

Therefore, when using this type of crop as feed, it is best to mix it into silage or dry it after harvesting, so that the toxin content will also be reduced and it will not cause poisoning in livestock. The yield is high and stable, the grass is of good quality and rich in nutrients, and its protein content ranks first among annual grasses. It is used for preparing hay, silage, green fodder or grazing, horses, cattle and sheep like to eat, and it is also a good feed for fish.

The dry matter at heading stage contains crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, crude ash, calcium, and phosphorus. Seedlings and young regenerated grasses contain a small amount of hydrocyanic acid, especially when the growth is inhibited under drought or cold conditions, the content of hydrocyanic acid increases, which is toxic and dangerous, and livestock poisoning should be prevented. However, as the plant grows, the plant is more than 50 to 60 cm tall when it is mowed, and it is slightly dried after mowing to avoid livestock poisoning.

1. Sowing

1. Time

Sudan grass is planted in April to June, Sudan grass prefers warm and humid environments, so this time is the most suitable time to plant, but it can be drought tolerant, and it can be planted in places with hot summer and moderate precipitation.

2. Environment

Sudan grass prefers a sunny environment, it is best planted in a sunny place, it is not very demanding on the soil, it can grow in a variety of soil qualities, and it can also survive in slightly acidic or slightly alkaline soils.

3. Method

The planting land will be deeply plowed and leveled, the land will be finely prepared, and drainage and irrigation measures will be done, and then the bottom fertilizer will be applied. It is necessary to use strip sowing method, and the row spacing is set at about 25 cm, so that the seeds can germinate better.

2. Conservation management

1. Weeding

Sudan grass grows slowly in the seedling stage, and is easy to breed weeds, in order to avoid weeds affecting its growth, it is necessary to weed in time, preferably every half a month or so.

2. Water and fertilizer

Sudan grass can be harvested several times a year, and each time it should be topdressed in time after harvesting in order to promote later growth, preferably with nitrogen fertilizer. Although Sudan grass is drought tolerant, it is still necessary to water it in time in case of drought, but if it is a rainy season, it is still necessary to do a good job of drainage to prevent water accumulation.

Sudan grass can be used to raise a variety of poultry and livestock, its grass is relatively soft, even hay is easy to digest, at the same time high nutritional value, high protein and sugar content, feeding cows can also improve milk production, is a kind of high-quality grass. And its total yield is very high, especially to solve the problem of forage in summer, and in winter can be made into green fodder or hay, there will be no shortage of forage. Therefore, now many places in China are also planting sodany, and its market prospects are very good.

1. Select improved varieties: select medium-ripe and main lotus root varieties with 4-5 sections.

2. Treatment of seed lotus: choose the main lotus root with strong buds, 2-3 knots, and a weight of more than kilograms, or choose a large seed root as the seed root. Plant the lotus root as early as possible after digging up, and the amount of seeds per mu is 300-400 kg.

Before planting, the lotus root was sprayed with 800 times of 70% methyl tobuzine wettable powder, and the liquid was basically dried and planted.

3. Field preparation: choose fields with convenient drainage and irrigation, stable water level and fertile soil for planting. In spring, 5,000 kg of rotting organic fertilizer was applied per mu, and 50 kg of special compound fertilizer and 150 kg of quicklime were applied per mu in combination with land preparation in the first half month of planting.

4. Timely planting: planting in early to mid-April, row spacing meters, hole spacing meters, planting 1 main lotus root or 2 sub-roots in each hole. After planting, maintain a 3-5 cm water layer in the field, gradually deepen the water layer to 20-30 cm after the appearance of vertical leaves, and gradually fall back to the water layer to 15-20 cm after the appearance of leaves.

5. Weeding in lotus fields: Lotus root fields are mainly submerged weeds. Before Qingming, 80-100 grams of 50% promethonet wettable powder per mu were poured with water for soil closure treatment, and the dosage was mastered.

In the lotus root field, which is dominated by monocotyledonous weeds such as Qianjinzi, Matang, and Phragmites reeds, it was sprayed with 40-60 ml of mulchongic concentrate and water in late April. There are still weeds in the field after chemical weeding, which can be pulled out manually.

6. Top dressing due to field: top dressing of new lotus root field twice, the first time on May 20-30, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of urea, and 50 kg of special compound fertilizer or compound fertilizer per mu of lotus root field; The second time on June 20-30, 40 kg of urea per mu and 50 kg of special compound fertilizer for lotus root field were applied. Top dressing of lotus root fields planted for more than 2 years is carried out once, and 50 kg of urea and 50-75 kg of special compound fertilizer are applied per mu around May 20.

7. Turn the lotus root: The continuous planting field does not need to turn the lotus root. When planting lotus root in a single field, the lotus root head should be turned around, and the lotus root head facing the outside of the field should be turned into the field, and the lotus root head in the field should be turned to the blank space.

8. Prevention and control of pests and diseases: pay attention to the prevention and control of zombie lotus root and root-eating goldenrod. The prevention and control of stiff lotus root mainly adopts agricultural measures such as crop rotation and stubble, selection of disease-free fields and disease-free lotus root planting, removal of residual branches and dead leaves in the field after harvesting, and appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the middle and late stages.

To control the root-eating goldenrod insects, dilute with 100-150 ml of 5% Ruijin special suspension agent (100 ml of new lotus root field and 150 ml of old lotus root field) with 1 kg of water per mu in mid to late May, mix 10 kg of fine soil and spread evenly.

Cultivation techniques of Sudan grass:

1. Land preparation: Sudan grass has a well-developed root system, and the land should be fully prepared to create a loose cultivated environment. Generally, deep ploughing 20-22 cm, and timely rake pressing. Before planting, foot fertilizer should be applied, and phosphorus fertilizer should be applied to red soil, yellow soil and saline soil.

2. Sowing: When the topsoil soil temperature is stable above 10, it can be sown in spring, and the sowing date can be extended to July. Generally, strip sowing is used, the row spacing is 30 cm, the amount of seed per mu is 2-3 kg, the sowing depth is 2-3 cm, and the pressure should be filled after sowing.

Sudan grass can be mixed with annual legume crops.

3 field management: Sudan grass seedlings should be cultivated and weeded in time, generally when the seedling height is 10-15 cm, start to cultivate and weed once, 15 days later, according to the situation, weeding again, weeds before sealing the ridge. In addition, in addition to putting foot fertilizer before sowing, in tillering, jointing, booting and after each harvest, it should be combined with irrigation or watering for topdressing once.

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Sudan grass seeds begin to germinate at 12 14 with local minimum temperatures exceeding 14

It's time to sow seeds!

When will Sudan grass be sown?

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Sudan grass is an excellent forage grass suitable for cultivation in the city and can be used in summer and autumn. In addition to green fodder, silage.

or dried hay can also be used for livestock in the off-season when green fodder is scarce in winter or early spring.

Sudanese grass sorghum is an annual grass forage grass with an ecology similar to sorghum. The plant is 2-3 meters tall and has a well-developed root system, mainly distributed in the 0-50 cm soil layer. The base of the stem has adventitious roots downward, the stem is round, smooth, filled with white and soft spongy tissue, the tillering force is strong, the general number of tillers is 20-30, and the tillering period is about 120 days.

The leaves are about 60 cm long and about 4 cm wide, with 7-8 leaves per stem, and the seeds weigh 9-10 grams per 1,000 seeds. Sudan grass plants are tall and require a lot of water and need to be supplied with adequate water. Drought can make the grass rough and of poor quality.

However, poor drainage or long-term standing water is not good for growth. Sufficient light can increase tillering, increase yield, and improve quality. The soil requirements are not strict, but sandy loam soil is the best.

Cultivation points: 1. Ploughing.

Sudan grass is a fertiliser crop and can only achieve high yields under high fertiliser conditions. Usually before ploughing, organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, with a dosage of 1000-1500 kg per mu, combined with cultivated land turned into the soil. The depth of ploughing is not less than 25 cm. After ploughing, the field is leveled.

2. Sowing. 1. The sowing period is from late April to early May. 2. The sowing method is generally strip sowing, with a row spacing of about 30 cm. 3. The amount of sowing per mu is kilograms.

4. After sowing, the thickness of the soil should depend on the soil texture, the clay soil should be thin, and the loose soil should be thick, generally within 3-4 cm. 5. 10-15 days before sowing, drying seeds for 4 to 5 days can improve the germination rate, and seedlings can emerge 4-5 days after sowing.

3. Management. 1. Sudan grass seedlings are weak and not tolerant to weeds, so they should be cultivated and weeded in time after emergence, and weeded once every 10-15 days.

2. After each harvest, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied once, and 8-10 kg of urea per mu can be applied.

3. Sudan grass requires a lot of water, so it should be irrigated in time in case of drought, and irrigated until it is soaked, and do not accumulate water.

4. Sudan grass is susceptible to armyworms, borers and aphids, and should be prevented and controlled in time. Attention should be paid to the use of pollution-free pesticides, and there should be sufficient safety intervals from pesticide application to harvesting and feeding.

Fourth, harvesting. Harvesting can begin when the Sudan grass plants reach a height of 50-60 cm. Generally, it is harvested every 30 days or so, and can be harvested 4-5 times in a lifetime, and can be cut 7-8 times with good water and fertilizer conditions. Leave about 5 cm of stubble.

It is necessary to choose a sunny day to harvest, and top dressing is carried out the next day after cutting to facilitate regeneration.

It is also important not to harvest and feed livestock when the seedlings are too tender, so as to prevent the young grass from producing hydrocyanide acid and poisoning the livestock.

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Native to Africa,It is introduced and cultivated all over the world.

4.Sudan grass is a type of green fodder

<> Sudan grass can be used to raise animals such as horses, cows, pigs, rabbits, etc. The nutritional value of Sudan early grinding grass is high, and the swimmability is good, which can be used for grazing and feeding of cattle, sheep, pigs, horses and other domestic animals. It can also be used as a high-quality green and juicy feed for horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, rabbits and fish, most animals can be directly fed after harvesting, but when feeding pigs, they need to be pulped or crushed to feed.

The mowing height of Sudan grass is directly related to its regeneration ability, the general stubble height is 7-8 cm, and the stubble is too low to affect regeneration. In areas with cold climate and short growing season, the first crop should not be mowed too late, otherwise the yield of the second crop will be low. The yield of Sudan grass depends on the climate and cultivation conditionsThe cultivated Sudan grass can be mowed 2-3 times a year, and the grass yield is 45,000-75,000 kg hectares, with the highest yield in the first crop, and then gradually decreased.

Sudan grass has a well-developed root system, and throughout the growing season, it needs to absorb a lot of nutrients from the soil, so it should be deeply cultivated. <>

It can be deeply tilled and fertilized five years before sowing. Generally, 1500-2250 kg of manure is applied per hectare, or 450-600 kg of 30% compound fertilizer per hectare. In arid areas and saline-alkali soil zones, in order to reduce soil moisture evaporation and prevent alkalinization, heavy raking of loose or non-turning soil layer can also be carried out to eliminate stubble, and sugar can be raked in time in early spring of the following year or directly ditched in late spring to sow <>

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It likes warmth and humidity, has strong drought tolerance, and is not cold and waterlogging. The minimum temperature of seed germination is 8 12 , and the optimal temperature is 20 30.

Sudan grass grows in areas with hot summers and moderate rainfall. It is highly drought resistant and adapts to a wide range of soils, including clay, sandy loam, slightly acidic and slightly alkaline soils.

Sudan grass is drought-tolerant, high-yielding, high-quality, suitable for planting in warm climate and arid areas. Sudan grass has a wide range of adaptability, Sudan grass.

Sudan grass (5 photos).

Sudan grass likes warmth, is not cold-tolerant, the minimum temperature of seed germination is 8, and the optimal temperature is 20 25; When the seedlings encounter a temperature below 3, they will be frost damaged or completely frozen to death. Adult plants grow slower when they are below 12. The root system is strong and penetrates deep into the soil, which can use the water and nutrients deep in the soil.

It is highly resistant to drought and can still yield high yields in areas with only 250 mm of rainfall. The soil requirements are not strict, and the general soil can be planted, but it is not suitable for planting on swampy soil and quicksand. Responds well to water and fertilizer.

To achieve high yields, fertilization and irrigation are necessary. For the subsequent crop, more fertilizer should be applied to ensure a bumper yield. Sudan grass should be sown after late frost.

The growth period is 100 to 120 days. After entering the tillering stage, it can continue to tiller throughout the growth process, and from the beginning of tillering, the growth rate is accelerated, growing 5 10 cm a day and night. During this period, fertilization and irrigation can achieve high yields.

According to the Northwest Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine in 1959 in Wuwei Huangyang Town, in the extensive management of the yield, per mu yield of 1250 kg of grass, more than 50 kg of seeds. When the water and fertilizer conditions are good, the grass is cut twice a year, and the yield per mu is 3500 kg of grass and more than 100 kg of seeds.