Which is the earliest essay 10

Essays in a narrow sense refer to a literary genre in modern prose that is dominated by argumentation and criticism. It is a general term for essays, short reviews, miscellaneous stories, gossip, ramblings, satirical sketches, humorous sketches, knowledge sketches, literary and political theories, and other genres. Essays on modern Chinese life were produced during the May Fourth Literary Revolution and first appeared in the magazine "New Youth" under the name "Sui Xianlu".

In the 20s, there were considerable achievements, and then they swept the literary world in the era. After that, it came and went, and then flourished again in the 80s. The essays are based on extensive social criticism and civilization criticism, with a strong spirit of rational criticism and ideological enlightenment.

In art, it generally pursues the visualization and lyricism of reasoning, and generally has a relatively distinct satirical and humorous comedy color and a witty and polemical philosophical character, and has the multiple functions of warning, ugliness, puzzle and empathy. Lu Xun was an outstanding Chinese essay writer who pushed his essays to a high level of maturity. In addition, Zhou Zuoren, Lin Yutang, Qu Qiubai, Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Xu Maoyong, Tang Tao, Nie Xuanxuan, Xia Yan, Ba Ren, Deng Tuo, Lin Fang and others are the more representative essay writers in various periods in China.

It is impossible to study the first oracle bone inscription in history for a long time......

The oracle bone inscription is the earliest known systematic writing form in China, and is one of the four ancient vertical scripts in the world. It has the methods of pictographic, signifying, knowing, morphophonic, transcribing, and borrowing, which marks that it has entered a mature stage. The oracle bone inscription in Yinxu is a record of divination in the Yin Dynasty, oracle bone divination in ancient China has a long history, and the Yinxu period is the most popular period for divination, the Shang kings and nobles almost everything must be divined, and divination has become an important part of the social life of the Shang Dynasty.

The methods and procedures of paying tribute, storing, remediation, drilling and divination of oracle bones, and the grammar and vocabulary of divination form a set of strict and systematic systems. According to oracle bone inscriptions, there were already Zhenren in charge of divination and records in the Yin Dynasty, and there were about 100 Zhenren who were seen in divination. Divination involves sacrifices, celestial phenomena, annual success, conquests, royal affairs, etc., and even hunting, illness, dreaming, and giving birth to children of the Shang king.

After the Shang Dynasty, oracle bone divination gradually lost its prominent position. The discovery of the oracle bone inscription in Yinxu has witnessed the extinct divination system of the Shang Dynasty, and has provided important materials for the study of Chinese cultural history. At present, there are about 150,000 oracle bones and more than 4,500 words in Yinxu.

Judging from the about 1,500 words that have been recognized by the oracle bone script, the oracle bone script has the basic form of modern Chinese character structure, although its book body has undergone the evolution of the golden script, seal script, affiliated script, Kaishu and other book styles, but the characters and basic grammar characterized by shape, sound and meaning have been retained, becoming the square characters still used by one-fifth of the world's population today, which has had an important impact on the way of thinking and aesthetics of the Chinese, and laid the foundation for the emergence and development of Chinese calligraphy art. As a result, the oracle bone inscription has become the only one of the world's four ancient scripts that has been passed down to this day. The Chinese characters evolved from the oracle bone inscription played an important role in spreading Chinese culture and contributing to the formation and consolidation of China's unified state.

Essays are a kind of literary and artistic nature that directly and quickly reflects social events or trends**. It is characterized by "miscellaneous and literate", short, sharp, timeless, rich in the color of literary and artistic workers and the language of poetry, and has a unique artistic appeal. In the fierce social struggle, essays are a sharp weapon of battle, for example, Mr. Lu Xun's essays are like "daggers" and "throwing guns" that pierce the heart of all darkness.

In the era of peacebuilding, it can also play the role of a mouthpiece that praises the true, the good, and the beautiful, and lashes out at the false, the evil, and the ugly. For example, articles such as "Zhuang Zhou Buys Water" and "Shaved Hair Wei" are like this.

The first person in the history of Chinese literature to put forward the concept of "essay" and treat it as an independent literary genre was Liu Xian, a literary theorist of the Southern Dynasty (Liang). He wrote a chapter entitled "Essays" in "Wenxin Carving Dragon". On the one hand, he summarized the creation of essays by his predecessors and summarized their names as "essays", and on the other hand, he described that there were three types of essays since the Qin and Han dynasties, with Song Yu's "Answering the Questions of the King of Chu", "Seven Hairs" by Mei Cheng, and "Lianzhu" by Yang Xiong as the earliest representative works.

But in fact, as early as the rise of pre-Qin prose, essays also appeared. The articles of the hundred schools of Qin Zhuzi are actually essays. Later, there was a new development in the essays.

Han Yu's "Miscellaneous Sayings" in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan's "Tongye Feng Di Distinguishing", the essays of Pi Rixiu in the late Tang Dynasty, Tortoise Meng, Luo Yin, etc., and Liu Ji's "Words of the Orange Seller" in the Ming Dynasty are all famous representative works. Not only was the essay the earliest, but it was also very high at first. As Bangu said:

The flow of miscellaneous people is covered by the councillors. Confucianism and ink, joint name, law, know the national body of this, see the king's rule is inconsistent, than its strengths. It can be seen that the role of essays in the society at that time was great.

When the wind and sand are blowing, and the wolves and tigers are in groups", the essay is "daggers and throwing guns, to be sharp and practical", and "things that fight a bloody way of survival with the reader"; It is also "to respond or fight against harmful things immediately, to be the nerves of sensitivity, and to attack and defend the siblings." This provides an accurate illustration of the role of modern essays.

Simply "essay": a type of prose. It is a kind of literary and artistic nature that directly and quickly reflects social events or social tendencies.

It is characterized by being short, lively, and sharp. The content is wide and diverse. Miscellaneous feelings, miscellaneous conversations, miscellaneous essays, and essays about social life, cultural dynamics, and political events can all fall into this category.