How much heat is the Earth? How does the heat in the Earth s interior come from?

The power of the Sun is equal to the power of Erg seconds, from which the Earth obtains 1/2.2 billionths. It may not seem large, but it sends 10 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity to the earth every year, which is equivalent to about 100 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity per person. After the Three Gorges fully generated electricity, it generated 84 billion kWh per year, which is equivalent to 1.2 million Three Gorges power stations.

For humans, it can be used without restrictions.

The energy released by the sun every second is equivalent to burning 100 million tons of standard coal.

The energy emitted. The energy radiating to the Earth's surface is about 17 trillion kilowatts per second, which is equivalent to 10,000 times the total annual energy consumption of the world today.

The installed capacity of the Three Gorges Power Station.

is 18.2 million kilowatts.

Solar energy is a continuous process of nuclear fusion inside the sun.

The energy produced by the reaction process. Average solar radiation in Earth's orbit.

The intensity is 1367kw m2. The circumference of the Earth's equator is 40,000km, which makes it calculateable that the Earth can gain up to 173,000 TW of energy. The standard peak intensity at sea level is 20 kW m2, and the average annual radiation intensity for 24 hours at a certain point on the Earth's surface is kW m2, which is equivalent to 102,000 TW of energy.

Humans depend on this energy for survival, which includes all other forms of renewable energy.

Except for geothermal energy resources), although the total amount of solar energy resources is equivalent to more than 10,000 times the energy used by human beings now, the energy density of solar energy is low, and it varies from place to place and changes from time to time, which is the main problem faced by the development and utilization of solar energy. These characteristics of solar energy will limit its role in the overall integrated energy system.

The sun is a huge, ancient, endless source of energy. Despite the fact that the sun radiates to the Earth's atmosphere.

The energy is only 1/2.2 billion of its total radiant energy (about 3 75x1026 W), but it is as high as 173,000 TW, which means that the energy of the sun hitting the earth every second is equivalent to 5 million tons of coal. Wind energy, water energy on the earth. Ocean temperature difference energy, wave failure and biomass energy.

and part of the tidal energy is the sun; Even the fossil fuels on the earth (such as coal, oil, natural gas, etc.) are fundamentally solar energy stored since ancient times, so the scope of solar energy in the broad sense is very large, and solar energy in the narrow sense is limited to the direct conversion of solar radiation energy into photothermal, photoelectric and photochemical.

Please clarify whether it is the heat of the earth's interior or the heat of the earth's surface. The amount of heat in the Earth's interior is still unknown, because the mechanisms of its internal motion are not fully understood. The heat of the earth's surface is made up of two parts:

1. Cosmic energy absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere; 2. Energy lost by atmospheric radiation. Their combined condition is the energy of the earth's surface, but there is also the kinetic energy and potential energy of the air. Energy is a very complex issue and there must be a frame of reference.

For example, the heat energy released by cooling from 420 K to 270 K with 1 kg of dry air is very different from the heat energy released from cooling to 10 K.

The heat of the Earth's interior comes from the Earth's core, which can melt a lot of matter to natural disasters as high as 6,000 degrees Celsius.

Volcanic eruptions, for example, erupt magma, the product of rock melting. The reason for the heat generated in the earth's interior, many scientists speculate that it is related to "radioactive elements" and "celestial gravity", so let's talk about this in detail.

The structure of the earth is extremely complex, divided into above-ground structure and underground structure, and the above-ground structure includes the air layer and the atmosphere layer.

magnetic fields, etc.; The underground structure is divided into three parts: the crust, the mantle and the core, of which the mantle is divided into the upper mantle and the lower mantle, and the core is divided into the outer core and the inner core.

In addition, although the Earth's interior is divided into three parts, there are no particularly clear boundaries, and the thickness of the Earth's crust (crust) is not the same, and the temperature gradually rises from the outside to the inside, and as the temperature rises, the matter inside gradually turns into a liquid fluid (the inner core is said to be solid).

Some physicists believe that the heat inside comes from gravity, and the Earth's core is solid, which is affected by external celestial bodies (the Moon.

The gravitational attraction of the inner core of the solid state will rotate (agitate) in the liquid outer core, and this process will produce a large amount of heat, which is also one of the heat**. The radius of the Earth's core is about 3470 km, which is mainly composed of high density, mainly iron and nickel elements.

Composition, while the radius of the Moon is about a radius of about kilometers, due to the gravitational pull of the Moon, the inner core rotates in the outer core, including friction, and the friction produces a lot of heat.

According to the speculation of some physicists, the earth is a naturally formed nuclear reactor, and human beings live on the earth's crust, and there is a spherical core (earth core) inside, because it contains a large number of radioactive elements, which are constantly decaying and fission, and releasing energy (heat) in the process, the earth's crust is formed after hundreds of millions of years of cooling.

Here I have to mention the phenomenon of "radioactive decay", with the current science and technology known to mankind can not explore the earth's core, all speculation is based on the analysis of existing evidence, assuming that the earth's core contains a large number of radioactive elements (nuclides), in the process of continuous decay and fission of radioactive elements, it will release huge energy, and the high temperature generated by these energies is enough to liquefy the outer core and part of the mantle layer, which is also one of the best statements of the earth's internal heat.

Conclusion: The Earth is located in the solar system, and although it has a similar structure to other planets, only the Earth has given birth to "carbon-based life." Even if the current science and technology can support people's exploration of space, but the exploration of the earth itself is still less than 10%, with the current science and technology of human beings, although some guesses can be made, but it is impossible to obtain conclusive evidence to support the structure and composition of the earth's core. Principle.

It is innate, in the process of the formation of the sun, it is collided between planets, and in the process of collision, all the kinetic energy in it is converted into heat energy, and the temperature becomes higher and higher, which will be affected by radioactive heat.

The heat in the Earth's interior is naturally formed, as well as by gravity and plate tectonics. Some of the mantle convective dynamics are also used, which is why the heat of the Earth's interior is formed.

Most of the heat in the Earth's interior comes from some material in the Earth's interior, and then these materials have some radioactive elements that decay and finally produce heat.

Introduction: The interior of the earth is very hot, in this case can ensure that the earth is a vibrant planet, and the earth is very livable, what is the reason for the heat inside the earth?

In fact, the heat in the earth's interior is mainly caused by the decay of radioactive elements, which can last for a long time, and each decay is very regular. For example, the radium discovered by Marie Curie is still able to emit a faint green light from its extraction to the present, and the mass of the substance itself has not been reduced. This also shows that there are a lot of radioactive materials in the interior of the earth, and these radioactive materials release a lot of energy in the process of identity and provide continuous internal heat for the earth.

Of course, when the earth was just beginning to form, there was also some primordial heat, and there may have been a lot of dust accumulation in the past, and there were many planetary collisions before the earth left, so there will be some primordial heat residue. However, the most durable thing is the radioactive material, especially in the interior of the earth's crust, which is very high, and these temperatures ensure that the earth is a viable planet.

In fact, human beings are very fragile to the human body, so they cannot withstand too high temperatures, nor can they withstand too low temperatures. Although the current changes in the seasons can be resisted by adding or removing clothing, if we talk about global warming, rising sea levels, and melting glaciers will have a serious impact on people's lives and health. Therefore, we must practice the concept of low-carbon life in daily life, reduce carbon emissions, and develop a sense of avoiding pollution, so as to help people better enjoy the beautiful environment of the earth, and can protect people's global environment.

In this way, we can avoid a series of problems caused by the high temperature of the earth.

It is mainly caused by the decay of radioactive elements, which are very long and regular, and the decay of radioactive elements will lead to an increase in heat.

Because there is energy in the earth, and there are a lot of radioactive materials in the earth, a lot of heat will be emitted in the process of decay.

Because there are a lot of radioactive elements in the interior of the earth, these radioactive elements have to undergo some decay, and then they are converted into heat energy.

People often say that the sun is a natural nuclear reactor, emitting endless heat all the time, similarly, some people say that the earth is also such a nuclear reactor, the interior of the earth is actually very hot, we can't feel it on the surface, but research has found that the interior of the earth is also full of huge heat like the sun, so all the heat comes from?

The heat generated by the earth's interior is mostly due to the decay of material elements on the surface, most of which are radioactive, and some of the heat is due to various chemical reactions and frictions on the earth, and the energy released by those radioactive elements far exceeds the energy released by coal burning on the earth, even hundreds of millions of times. The heat that lies deep in the earth's surface is carried to the surface by the groundwater cycle or by magma, thus forming a certain part of the surface heat, which can take different forms in various ways, such as hot springs and natural fountains.

The temperature difference between the surface and the center of the earth is very high, but we do not feel it on the surface, which means that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the earth is very large. According to research, the temperature in the center of the earth even exceeds 5600, and the temperature in the core may exceed 6000, which is similar to the temperature of the sun, or even higher. But the temperature we feel on the surface of the earth is only a few tens of degrees Celsius, which is because the surface is very little affected by the temperature of the earth's core, only a tiny part of the earth's interior, most of which is ** the sun, so most of the heat we feel is emitted by the sun.

The importance of solar energy is due to the fact that the earth and the sun are far apart, and the solar heat we feel on the surface of the earth is far less than one billionth of the heat of the sun itself, but this is enough to meet the survival of all life on the earth. Living on the surface of the earth, we are very dependent on the weak energy emitted by the sun, the energy of the core of the earth itself that we cannot use, and all our survival energy is the sun, whether it is for plants or animals, the sun plays a very important role.

Because the earth was in the state of lead solution when it was formed, this posture is the residual primordial heat, and there are some radioactive elements in the earth's crust, which can also have radioactive heat.

Because the interior of the earth is made up of magma, which emits a lot of heat to maintain the normal temperature of the earth's surface.

There are two kinds of heat in the Earth's interior**, one is the primordial heat left over from the rapid lava state when the Earth was formed, and the other is the radioactive heat released by the decay of radioactive elements located in the earth's crust and mantle.

The Earth was formed about 4.5 billion years ago, and after such a long period of time, the Earth's temperature has not cooled. In the interior of the Earth, the temperature is still very high. Especially in the core of the Earth, where the temperature is comparable to that of the surface of the sun, up to 5500 .

So, where does the heat of the Earth's interior come from? Why hasn't the Earth cooled down completely?

The heat of the Earth's interior** can be divided into two types, one is the original heat when the Earth was formed, and the other is radioactive heat.

Just after the Sun formed from the primordial nebula 4.5 billion years ago, strong solar winds dispersed the nebulae around the Sun, preventing them from continuing to fall. The remaining nebulae revolve around the sun, and they collide with each other to form microplanets. Microplanets collide with each other and combine to form larger protoplanets.

During the collision, kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy, so the protoplanet gets hotter and hotter.

During the formation of the earth, the earth suffered a large number of collisions, so the primitive earth was very hot. The surface of the primitive earth was in a molten state, and it did not have a solid rock surface and liquid water as it does now.

Under the action of gravity, the heavy elements iron and nickel, which are more abundant, sink to the center of the earth, where they form a very dense core, which causes rapid heat loss. However, as the temperature drops, the molten mantle gradually solidifies, and the rate of heat loss in the core of the earth gradually decreases. It is estimated that the current heat flow in the Earth's core is about 10 trillion watts.

On the other hand, the Earth's mantle and crust contain radioactive elements, such as uranium-238, uranium-235, thorium-232 and potassium-40, which release heat and neutrinos after nuclear decay. It is estimated that radioactive heat may account for half of the Earth's internal heat**.

Overall, the amount of heat radiating from the Earth's interior to the Earth's surface is about 45 trillion watts. Maintaining heat in the Earth's interior is crucial for life on Earth, because only when the Earth's interior has enough heat can the outer core remain liquid and the inner core remain solid, so that the Earth's magnetic field can be generated through the principle of generators. With the protection of the Earth's magnetic field, the atmosphere will not be stripped by the solar wind, and life will be protected from cosmic rays.

Compared to Earth, Mars' magnetic field has almost disappeared after only a few hundred million years of rapid internal cooling, making Mars, which was initially potentially habitable, inhospitable. If you want to modify Mars to become a habitable planet in the future, you need to find a way to add a magnetic field to Mars to resist the solar wind.