Differences and problems between developed countries and China s aging population

First of all, where the level of social development is high, it will cause the fertility rate to decrease, but the low fertility rate in China is different from the low fertility rate in developed countries. China is the only country that has implemented one-child family planning, and the crackdown has been extremely severe. China's fertility rate is declining much faster than other countries.

We are a developing country, but the fertility rate has fallen to that of a developed country. This is not a happy thing.

China's level of child-rearing pain is estimated to be the highest in the world. In most countries, it is enough to leave a child from the family as soon as he reaches adulthood. However, China's requirements for children are extremely high, and it is not enough to raise them alone, and they usually have to buy a house for their children to marry a daughter-in-law.

Therefore, Chinese parents are the most selfless in the world, and it may be this characteristic that Chinese parents tend to have fewer children. Housing prices in China are also close to those of developed countries. Young people are drained by the house, and they have a lot of energy and don't have time to have more children.

It's good to be able to raise one.

According to statistics, in 2019 and 2040, although the population size is about the same, the population structure has changed dramatically, and in these ** of the UNDP, the number of people over 65 years old in China will increase by nearly 150: from 100 million to nearly 100 million. The burden of old age is a key issue for China's future.

In the future, we may face the dilemma of growing old before we get rich.

The elderly are kind and gullible, and in times of economic downturn, manufacturers and salesmen can study the economics of old age, which will be the wisest choice to embrace the aging era, and it can be said that the elderly will become the most reliable profit guarantee in the withering market.

The answer is yes, not seriously, but very seriously.

Aging, either the proportion of the elderly population or the aging. The main manifestations of aging are: lack of labor force and insufficient soldiers.

Financial performance is difficult to provide for support. The proportion of the elderly population is large, and this is evident in countries with small populations. For example, Japan has a large elderly population, a significant shortage of labor, and a shortage of soldiers.

However, it is not difficult for Japan to provide for the elderly. China is a large country with a population of 1.4 billion, and there is no shortage of labor force and soldiers at any time. As for the difficulty of providing for the elderly, it can be solved by adjusting the distribution system.

The aging of the Chinese population is not only serious, but also quite serious.

After liberation, the Chinese population entered the first stage of development, and after birth, they gradually entered the elderly; fortunately, this is the first batch of stuffy aging population in New China, the country is in the stage of development, time waits for no one, but they (they) are already old, recalling the past of life, the years have not been wasted, and youth has no regrets.

On the same day, the National Health Commission held a press conference to introduce the progress and effectiveness of the work on aging since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Talking about the situation and characteristics of China's aging population, Wang Haidong said that first, the number of old people is large, and the aging rate of the population is fast. By the end of 2021, the number of elderly people aged 60 and above in China reached 100 million, and the number of elderly people aged 65 and above reached more than 200 million.

China has a population of nearly 1.4 billion, the aging of the population is becoming more and more serious, the problem we can think of at present is that this also has a certain impact on China's economic development, we should actively deal with this problem, aware of the seriousness of this problem. We need to think about how to deal with the aging of the population.

First, we should actively respond to the national policy, at this stage the state put forward the three-child policy, promote the fertility rate, advocate breastfeeding leave, maternity leave to encourage the implementation of the birth plan, improve the retirement mechanism, implement a flexible retirement mechanism, mitigate the adverse effects of aging, and organically combine the elderly themselves, families and the country to let them play a role.

Second, emphasize the seriousness of China's aging and its impact on the country and society, as well as the importance of implementing a flexible retirement mechanism, and enhance the awareness of aging in the whole society.

The above are personal views and suggestions on aging, and now our country has implemented various measures in the face of population aging, and we have any valuable views to discuss together!

The fertility rate of young people is insufficient, and the social pressure on retirees to pay pensions is huge, and long-term development will have an impact on the economy.

I think it's mainly due to the fact that prices are too expensive now, so people don't want to have children, which leads to an aging population.

The problems posed by the aging of the population are:1. It has brought unprecedented pressure to the society in terms of medical care, economy, and population structure. Because of the large number of residents in China, it is difficult for China's medical resources to meet the medical needs of all residents, and the elderly are more likely to have health problems.

2. Labor shortage, declining average productivity, and a higher and higher proportion of aging population also mean that the proportion of young people in society is getting lower and lower, and the young labor force is getting less and less.

3. Young people today are not only facing greater pressure on education, life, work, study, etc., but also facing pressure such as marriage and childbirth, which will lead to young people having to be able to think about the present first, so that they cannot think about the future.

4. The burden of old-age care is too heavy.

5. Damage to many industries, such as real estate and related industries.

6. Savings are decreasing and asset values are decreasing.

7. Decline in international competitiveness; There are not enough soldiers.

Yes, China's aging problem is very serious. According to China's National Bureau of Statistics, by the end of 2021, China's elderly population aged 65 and above had reached 100 million, accounting for 100 million of the total population. At the same time, the elderly population aged 60 and above has also reached 100 million, accounting for the total population.

This means that China has entered a stage of severe aging.

With the passage of time, the number of pre-defeated stools and the number of elderly people will continue to increase. By 2035, the number of elderly people aged 60 and above will exceed 400 million, accounting for more than 30% of the total population. This will bring tremendous pressure and challenges to China's economy, society, and medical care.

With a population of 1.3 billion, China is under more pressure than other countries in the face of an ageing society. In 1997, there were more than 100 million people over the age of 60 in China, accounting for 10% of the total population. In 2005, China's population over the age of 60 was 100 million, accounting for 11% of the country's population, that is, China has entered an aging society.

Population aging, economic development, and declining fertility should be basically synchronized. The aging of the population in developed countries is in the period of economic development, the economic bearing is strong, and the pension insurance system has been established in a timely manner, so even if there are some problems after entering the aging society, it will not have a greater impact on social and economic development. Although China ranks fifth in the world in terms of total GDP, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in terms of per capita GDP and the quality of economic development.

It is expected that by the middle of the 21st century, when the aging of the Chinese population peaks, the per capita GDP will only reach the current level of moderately developed countries. According to the World Bank, in 2003, China's per capita GDP was US$1,100, while that of Argentina was US$3,375, Brazil US$2,700, Indonesia US$944, and India US$555 in the same period, which was only higher than India and Indonesia, the most populous countries, and still had a certain gap between Argentina and Brazil. Among the developed countries, the United States has the highest 36,924 US dollars, followed by Japan with 33,819 US dollars, the United Kingdom with 30,355 US dollars, France with 29,222 US dollars, and Germany with 29,137 US dollars.

Compared with China, there is a big gap. Therefore, China is "old before getting rich". This shows that the contradiction between the aging process of the Chinese population and the economic development will continue for some time.

The rapid development of the aging population will inevitably have some adverse effects on China's social and economic development.

(1) The scale of population aging is huge: China ranks first in the world in terms of the number of elderly people. By the end of 2011, there were 100 million elderly people aged 65 and above in Chinese mainland, accounting for about the total population, which is larger than the total elderly population in Europe.

2) The aging of the population is accelerating, and it is increasingly showing a trend of aging and empty nesting, and the number of disabled and semi-disabled elderly people who need care has increased dramatically: the sixth national census shows that the elderly population aged 60 and above in China has reached 100 million, accounting for about 40% of the total population, about 40% of the elderly are "empty nesters", and the elderly living alone in urban areas and rural areas also reach; Elderly people who often feel lonely are 18% in urban areas and rural areas. At present, there are about 33 million disabled and semi-disabled elderly people in urban and rural areas in China, accounting for 19% of the total elderly population.

3) Unbalanced regional development: The development of Chinese population aging has obvious regional echelon characteristics from east to west, and the economically developed areas in the eastern coastal areas are significantly faster than the economically underdeveloped areas in the west. Shanghai was the first to enter the ranks of the elderly population in 1979, and compared with Ningxia, which entered the ranks of the elderly population in 2012 at the latest, the time span is as long as 33 years.

4) Significant urban-rural inversion: At present, the aging level in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, and this urban-rural inversion will continue until 2040. It is only in the second half of the 21st century that the level of aging in cities and towns will surpass that of rural areas, and the gap will gradually widen.

5) There are more women than men in the elderly population: In 2008, there were 4.64 million more women than men in the elderly population, and it will peak at 26.45 million more in 2049. In the second half of the 21st century, the number of extra female elderly people has basically stabilized at 15 million 19 million, of which 50 70 are elderly.

6) Aging ahead of modernization: developed countries are in the basic realization of modernization under the condition of entering the aging society, belonging to the first rich and then the old or rich and old at the same time, while China has not yet achieved modernization and the economy is not yet developed in advance into the aging society, belongs to the old before the rich.

From 2000 to 2007, China's elderly population over 60 years old increased from 100 million to 100 million, accounting for more than 100 million people in the total population, accounting for the world's elderly population, equivalent to the total number of elderly people over 60 years old in Europe. The average annual growth rate of population ageing is high, about five times the growth rate of the total population. It is estimated that the elderly population will reach 100 million in 2020, accounting for the total population; By 2050, the total number of elderly people will exceed 400 million, and the aging level will be pushed to more than 30%.

Solution: 1. Appropriately extend the retirement period of non-heavy labor workers such as personnel of public institutions and enterprises, and extend the labor value of laborers.

2. Improve the medical and health security system, make the elderly more physically and mentally healthy, help them continue to create their own value and social value, and encourage them to continue to serve the society.

3. The family planning policy can be relaxed in some developed areas in the east (such as Shanghai, etc.) where the natural population growth rate is low, and even childbearing can be encouraged, because many white-collar workers in Shanghai are delayed or even delayed in giving birth due to career reasons.

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The urban population is constantly **, the aging is also intensifying, and with a series of development, the aging problem has become a major problem for the Chinese population!

China has just entered the threshold of population aging, according to the population, the peak of China's population aging will appear around 2030. It is absolutely necessary to "take precautions" and make institutional arrangements to deal with the aging of the population from now on; However, it would be irresponsible to "talk about old age and change of color" or even to scare oneself with the aging of the population, so as to mislead the reform and development of social security.

A worldwide problem! The biggest problem in China is: the pension problem of low-income people @ and the old age before getting rich1

Compared with developed countries, China's aging society presents six characteristics:

First, the elderly population base is large. According to the data of the Sixth National Population Census, as of November 1, 2010, the number of elderly people over 60 years old reached 100 million, accounting for the total population, of which 100 million people over 65 years old, accounting for the total population. Japan is the only country in the world with an elderly population of more than 100 million.

Second, the elderly population is increasing rapidly. According to the research group of "National Strategy for Population Aging", in 2014, China's elderly population will exceed 200 million, reach 300 million in 2025, and the proportion of the elderly population will exceed 30% in 2042.

Third, there are a large number of elderly people in difficulty. In the past 10 years, the number of people over the age of 80 has nearly doubled, to more than 20 million. As young people work in different places and parents and children live in different places, there are more and more empty nesters, and in 2010, nearly 50% of urban and rural empty nest families were employed. There are more than 33 million disabled and semi-disabled elderly people.

Fourth, aging precedes industrialization. Developed countries have achieved industrialization when entering the aging society, entering the post-industrialization period, per capita GDP is generally between 5,000 US dollars and 10,000 US dollars, and is currently around 20,000 US dollars, and China is still in the process of industrialization and urbanization, in 1999 when entering the aging society, the per capita GDP was less than 1,000 US dollars, and in 2010 it exceeded 4,000 US dollars.

Fifth, aging is accompanied by the miniaturization of families. According to the data of the sixth national population census, at present, the average family person in China has become smaller, and the family pension function has been significantly weakened.

Sixth, the old-age dependency ratio has risen rapidly. In 2010, the old-age dependency ratio (the ratio of elderly people per 100 working-age people) was 19%, and about 5 working-age people were responsible for 1 elderly person. According to the latest**, about 3 working-age people will bear 1 elderly person in 2020, and about 1 elderly person will be burdened by about 1 working-age population in 2030.