What is voltage and how to calculate it is mainly what it consists of

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Voltage: The potential difference (voltage drop) between two points in a circuit.

Relationship: Voltage (V) = Current (i) x Resistance (R).

The voltage is the reference point, and generally speaking, we choose the earth as the reference point. Usually, AC 220 volts refers to the 220 volts voltage of the live wire to the ground.

It's not written 11V, it should be 110V or 220V, and the power cord is used for household use, which is only related to the power of the connected electrical appliances. The voltage is fixed at 220V, if the power of the connected electrical appliances is too large, the current will be large, and it is easy to burn out the wires. The higher the current, the larger the diameter of the wire required.

The potential difference is the voltage, the electric potential is the property of each position in the electric field, and the difference between the two points is the potential difference. An example of this is as follows:

The height difference is the distance in the vertical direction, and the position in the vertical direction is the property of each point in the space around us, we can use the ordinate to describe the position of two objects in the vertical direction, and the difference between the vertical coordinates of the two points is the height difference.

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Voltage, also known as potential difference or potential difference, is a physical quantity that measures the difference in energy between a unit charge in an electrostatic field due to different potentials. Its magnitude is equal to the work done by a unit positive charge to move from point A to point B due to the action of an electric field force, and the direction of the voltage is specified as the direction from the high potential to the low potential. The SI unit system of voltage is volts (V, referred to as volts), and the commonly used units are millivolts (mV), microvolts (V), kilovolts (kv), etc.

This concept is similar to the water pressure caused by the water level. It should be pointed out that the term "voltage" is generally only used in electrical circuits, while "potential difference" and "potential difference" are generally applied to all electrical phenomena.

Voltage is what drives the directional movement of the charge to form an electric current. The reason why the current is able to flow in the wire is also because of the difference between high and low potential in the current. This difference is called the potential difference, also known as the voltage.

In other words. In a circuit, the potential difference between any two points is called the voltage at those two points.

Among them, the safe voltage refers to the voltage that the human body is exposed to for a long time without the risk of electric shock. China stipulates the following five levels for power frequency safety voltage, namely 42V, 36V, 24V, 12V and 6V.

The above is all my reply, I hope it can help you, I wish you a happy life [Bixin].

Formula for calculating current, voltage, and power.

is w=i2*r, v=ir, w=v2 r, current = voltage resistance, power = voltage * current. Current I, Voltage V, Power W, Resistance R, Frequency F.

The formula for calculating current voltage power, when the voltage is determined, the current is proportional to the power, (power) = (current) · (voltage), w (watts) = i (amps.)

v (volts, 380V current voltage power calculation formula: i = p (power supply voltage p = , 220V current voltage power calculation formula: i = p (U*COS ) U = power supply voltage p = U*I*Cos current.

Voltage direction. The direction of the voltage is specified with the electric field force.

The direction is consistent, from the high potential to the low potential. As with current, the direction of the voltage and potential indicated on the circuit diagram is a reference direction. It is denoted by +, -.

It should be noted that the difference between voltage and potential is that voltage is an absolute value.

It does not change with the change of the reference point, whereas the potential is a relative value that changes with the change of the reference point (because the change of the reference point necessarily affects the potential difference.

results). The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Voltage.

When the circuit is broken, the voltage is equal to the supply voltage.

The voltage level is generally divided:

1. Safety voltage (usually below 36V).

2. Low voltage (divided into 220V and 380V).

3. High voltage (10kv-220kv).

4. Ultra-high voltage 330kv-750kv.

5. UHV 1000kV AC, 800kV DC or above.

At present, the voltage levels commonly used in China: 220V, 380V, 1000KV. The power system is generally composed of power plants, transmission lines, substations, distribution lines and electrical equipment. Voltage lines above 35kV are usually referred to as transmission lines.

The voltage level is divided like a repentance:

1. Safety voltage (usually below 36V).

2. Low voltage (divided into 220V and 380V).

3: High pressure (front resistance 10kv-220kv);

4. Ultra-high voltage 330kv-750kv.

5: Special impulse carries high voltage 1000kV AC, 800kV DC or more;

There are many factors that determine the working voltage of electrical appliances, and the laws of physics do play a big role. In this, it is necessary to consider not only personal safety, but also to take care of ease of use. The following is a brief introduction to several common voltage standards:

Standard voltage. For example, China's household 220V standard is a more reasonable power supply standard determined by weighing a variety of voltages in the world. If the voltage is too high, it will increase the cost of electrical insulation and increase the risk of electric shock; If the voltage is too low, it will increase the line loss, and it is easy to cause abnormal heating of electrical appliances.

Because of p l u, when the power is constant, the current will increase inversely proportional as the voltage decreases.

With the 220 power supply standard mandated by the state, all factories will take the initiative to align with this standard when producing all kinds of electrical appliances, so that as long as there is a power socket on any occasion, the electrical appliances can be used normally. Specific to the different voltages required inside the appliance (such as 5V, 12V, etc.) required in the computer, you can only use the internal configuration of the power supply.

Safety voltage. Despite the many advantages of the 220 power supply system, it poses a threat to human safety. Therefore, on some special occasions, people have introduced the "safe voltage" electricity standard.

It is mainly composed of and 12v, etc. In the drier occasions, the safety voltage of 36 is used, and the safety voltage should be reduced accordingly as the humidity of the site increases and the resistivity decreases. In damp metal containers, the safe voltage can be reduced to 12 or lower.

This is determined by a combination of human biology and Ohm's law.

It is determined by the battery material, as long as the battery material is fixed, the voltage is generally fixed. Of course, the operating temperature, light, etc. will also affect the voltage, but fundamentally affect the chemical properties of the positive and negative electrode materials of the battery, resulting in voltage changes.

It depends on what the voltage is.

1. The voltage of the dry battery is determined by the chemical substances inside the battery, as long as the chemical substances are determined, the electromotive force that can be generated is determined.

2. When the frequency is constant, the voltage amplitude of the generator is determined by the excitation current;

3. The voltage amplitude of the secondary winding of the transformer is determined by the turns ratio;

4. The voltage on each element in the series circuit is determined by the resistance of the component.

To be precise, the voltage of the battery is determined by the battery itself, that is, the electromotive force, the specific principle is too complicated, and the current is related to the voltage of the battery and the total resistance on the circuit.

This difference is called the potential difference, also known as the voltage. In other words. In a circuit, the potential difference between any two points is called the voltage at those two points.

Voltage with a symbol"u"Denote. The level of voltage is generally expressed in unit volts, referred to as volts, and is symbolized"v"Denote. High voltages can be expressed in kilovolts (kv) and low voltages can be expressed in millivolts (mv).

The voltage or potential difference between two points is independent of the choice of potential reference point. x0d x0a In a time-varying electromagnetic field, the electric field is not only the Coulombic electric field described by Coulomb's law, but also the induced electric field generated by electromagnetic induction. The integral value of the induced electric field varies from path to path, i.e., there can be different voltages along different paths between two points.

An insulating structure in electrical equipment can usually only withstand a voltage less than a specified value, otherwise it will lead to insulation breakdown and damage. The density of the current in the conductor increases as the strength of the electric field increases. If the voltage is too high, the temperature will rise sharply, which can also cause damage.

In the AC circuit, the voltage of any two points changes with time, and the voltage is divided into instantaneous value, peak value, average value, and effective value. For an AC voltage that varies over time as a sine or cosine function, the RMS value is equal to the peak value divided by . For example, if electricity for lighting is 220 volts, it means that the effective value of the voltage is 220 volts.

The voltage is represented by the letter U in volts, symbol: V x0d x0A3

A voltage higher than 250 volts to the ground is considered high-voltage. The voltage to the ground is less than 250 volts. The idea that x0d x0a is used to is that 380 volts or more than 500 volts is high voltage.

220 volts is the low voltage. Its essence is a misunderstanding and a lack of understanding of electricity. As long as the x0d x0a is higher than 250 volts, even if it is 1,100,000 volts, as long as the voltage to the ground is higher than 250 volts, it is high voltage.

Like our home electricity at 220 volts when a kind of low voltage. The 380 volt voltage commonly used in industry is actually a low voltage. Because it is 3 live wires and 1 neutral wire, the voltage of the live wire to the ground is 220 volts, so it is also a low voltage.

Voltage is a physical quantity that measures the difference in energy of a unit charge in an electrostatic field due to different potentials. The SI system of units for voltage is volts (V, abbreviated as volts), which is equal to the work done by a unit positive charge to move from point A to point B due to the action of an electric field force, and the direction of the voltage is specified as the direction from a high potential to a low potential.

It is the reason why the free charge moves directionally in the circuit to form an electric current.

Definition of potential difference (voltage difference):

The charge Q moves from point A to point B in the electric field, and the ratio of the work done by the electric field force to the charge quantity Q is called the potential difference between the two points of AB (the difference of the electric potential between the two points of AB, also known as the potential difference), which is expressed by UAB, then there is a formula:

Where, WAB is the work done by the electric field force and Q is the amount of electric charge.

At the same time, it can also be defined in terms of electric potential.

If the magnitude and direction of the voltage do not change with time, it is called a steady voltage or constant voltage, which is referred to as DC voltage, which is represented by the capital letter u. If the magnitude and direction of the voltage change over time, it is called a fluctuating voltage. For circuit analysis, one of the most important fluctuating voltages is the sinusoidal alternating current voltage (abbreviated as alternating voltage), which changes periodically in magnitude and direction according to the sinusoidal law over time.

The instantaneous value of the AC voltage is indicated by the lowercase letters u or u(t). The device that provides voltage in a circuit is a power supply.