Fire protection knowledge points, fire safety knowledge points

First, the four understandings and four skills of fire safety.

1. Four understandings: understand the hazards of fire, escape methods, extinguishing methods and preventive measures.

2. Four meetings: will report the fire alarm (119), extinguish the initial fire, escape, and use fire-fighting equipment correctly.

2. Precautions for fire escape and refuge.

1. Select the escape route according to the location of the fire;

2. Do not take ordinary elevators (except fireproof elevators);

3. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and take the safety exit;

4. Stick to the wall in a low posture and move forward in an orderly manner, do not panic and crowd;

5. Reduce body exposure;

6. Use smoke masks correctly.

3. Understand the three elements of the fire evacuation diagram.

Find out where you are, find the shortest distance, and distinguish between left and right.

Fourth, fire escape strategy.

1. Three musts: be familiar with the environment, be calm, and know how to filter the smoke;

2. Three rescues: choose the escape channel for self-rescue, choose the escape rope for self-rescue, and send a signal to the outside world for help;

3. Three nos: do not take ordinary elevators, do not jump off buildings easily, and do not covet property.

5. Common fire hazards and types in units and households.

1. Fire hazards: flue of canteen, gas leakage, computer room, power distribution room, archive room, laboratory.

2. Fire types: electrical equipment fires, cigarette butts causing disasters, careless use of fire (such as: oil pot fire), car spontaneous combustion fire, children playing with fire.

6. Gas leakage is prone to occur under the following circumstances.

1. Ignition error: when the open flame is ignited, only the "poof" sound is heard and the fire is not ignited; The knob of the automatic ignition stove is turned on but the fire is not lit.

2. Steaming pot or wind: extinguishing the fire after the pot boils, and the gas is boiled to cause leakage; During the use of fire, the fire was blown out by a sudden wind, and no one found that it caused a leak.

3. Flameout halfway: During the fire, leakage is caused by the ignition due to the change of gas pressure.

4. The main valve is not closed tightly: after the fire, the main valve is not closed tightly, resulting in small leaks, and the gas concentration will increase after a long time.

5. Hose failure or gas pipe damage: the gas hose is aging or softening, resulting in hose leakage; Gas pipes are rusty and corroded, and cracks appear causing gas leaks.

7. Precautions for the safe use of gas.

Develop good gas habits, check frequently, replace the rubber connection pipe in time, do not generate static electricity after gas leakage, and do not move the open flame, and install a gas leakage alarm.

Beijing Gas Maintenance Unified**: 96777 (24-hour service).

8. The main causes of electrical fires.

Short circuit of wires, overload of electricity, excessive contact resistance, arc, electric spark or poor contact caused by aging of electrical appliances, and long-term standby of electrical appliances.

9. Correct use of fire extinguishers.

1. Unplugging: unplugging the safety pin;

2. Mention: Lift the fire extinguisher (if there is a hose, hold the nozzle with the other hand);

3. Aim: aim at the root of the flame;

4. Pressure: Press down the pressure handle, and continue to sweep left and right.

10. How to prevent fires and reduce the occurrence of tragedies.

1. Strengthen the learning of fire safety knowledge and enhance the awareness of fire prevention;

2. Master fire knowledge and basic escape skills;

3. Improve safety awareness and pay attention to the details of life;

4. Equipped with basic fire-fighting equipment to improve the ability to resist fires.

It is necessary to know that the installation of gas at home is generally a gas pipeline in the whole building, and it is best to install a gas alarm.

It is best not to install anti-theft doors and windows at home If you have to install it, you must leave an escape window Once a gas leakage accident occurs, don't blindly jump off the building to survive Don't turn on the light switch Call the police first and then take out the fire blanket to wrap yourself The fire is not big and quickly go out to escape If it is big, find a water-based fire extinguisher and aim at the source of the fire to extinguish the fire We can not charge in the corridor The charging time should not exceed 8 hours After the charging is completed, the power must be cut off Home TV The air conditioner mobile phone charger must be unplugged when not in use, and the power is off, and the mobile phone cannot be charged while charging.

Summary. The most basic knowledge points of the fire test are as follows:1The safety exits of the building shall be kept unobstructed when in use, and shall not be equipped with protrusions and obstacles that affect the evacuation of personnel, and the door of the safety exit shall be opened in the direction of evacuation.

2.For singing and dancing entertainment, screenings, and amusement venues, when calculating the number of people, the construction area of auxiliary rooms such as evacuation corridors and toilets may not be calculated, but only according to the construction area of each hall and room in the venue, and the number of internal services and management personnel can be determined according to the approved number of people.

The most basic knowledge points of the fire exam.

The most basic knowledge points of the fire test are as follows: 1The safety exits of the building shall be kept unobstructed when in use, and shall not be equipped with protrusions and obstacles that affect the evacuation of personnel, and the door of the safety exit shall be opened in the direction of evacuation. 2.

For singing and dancing entertainment venues, screenings, and amusement venues, when calculating the number of people, the construction area of auxiliary rooms such as evacuation corridors and toilets can not be calculated, but only according to the construction area of each hall in the venue, and the number of internal services and management personnel can be determined according to the approved number of people.

3.Smoke barrier wall: It is made of non-combustible materials, vertically installed and closed under the building roof, beam or ceiling, and can form a certain smoke storage space in the event of a fire.

4.There are two types of smoke barriers: fixed and movable. The fixed smoke barrier vertical wall refers to the smoke barrier vertical wall car that is fixed and installed and can meet the set smoke barrier height; The movable smoke barrier refers to the smoke barrier wall that can automatically run from the initial position to the smoke barrier working position and meet the set smoke barrier high degree of socks.

5.In the case of a store building with multiple commercial uses, considering that the areas for different uses may change with the change of business conditions or operators, although some areas may be used for furniture, building materials distribution, and other similar purposes, the density of people must still be determined according to the main commercial use of the building. 6.

Classified according to the nature of the burning object: a solid; b. Liquid or meltable solid; c Gas; d Metals; e Electrified; f Cooking 7Classification according to the degree of disaster loss caused by fire accidents:

There are 4 levels of particularly heavy slag fires, major fires, large fires, and general fires.

These are all ha

The sooner you call the police, the sooner you call the police, the smaller the loss, keep in mind the fire alarm** 119. It is necessary to put out the fire first, and then move the property, and a short delay can easily become a catastrophe. It is necessary to calm down and retreat in an orderly manner.

If you rush to be the first, crowd each other, and block the passage, it will lead to trampling on each other and causing tragedy. The passage downstairs is blocked by fire, and when you want to escape, you can return the amusement to the sheets, tear the tablecloth into strips of cloth and knot it into a rope, tie the window sill firmly and then protect the palm with the corner of the clothes, and slide down the rope.

Adjacent room**, do not open the door, should jump into the window balcony, shout for rescue or use the previous method to escape. CO2 fire extinguishers should be evacuated quickly after using them in confined spaces, and should not be used against the wind, in addition to preventing frostbite. The use of foam fire extinguishers should be to hold the ring in one hand, grasp the bottom ring with the other, turn the fire extinguisher upside down, shake it a few times, and the foam will spray out.

The basic knowledge of fire protection is as follows:

1. There must be three conditions for combustion: combustibles, combustibles, and ignition sources.

2. Common ignition sources are: open flames, high-temperature objects, sparks, electric sparks, strong light, etc.

3. Fires caused by factors in life mainly include: careless use of fire, careless use of electricity, careless use of oil and gas, careless smoking, playing with fire, setting off fireworks, etc.

4. Household flammable items include: wooden furniture, bedding curtains, clothes, sofas, books, gas canisters, etc.

Basic knowledge of fire extinguishing.

1. Isolation method: This is a method of eliminating combustibles.

2. Suffocation method: close the doors and windows to prevent the air from flowing into the combustion area, reduce the oxygen content in the air, and extinguish the fire source without enough oxygen.

3. Cooling method: spray water or other fire extinguishing agents on the combustible material to reduce the temperature of the burning material below the ignition point and force the combustion of the substance to stop; Or spray water and fire extinguishing agent on the combustibles near the fire source to reduce the temperature of the combustibles and avoid the expansion of the fire.

4. Emergency response measures for minor fires: If a fire is formed, the police should be called in time. For a relatively minor fire that occurs suddenly, students should also master simple and easy ways to deal with emergencies.

1.There are three conditions that must be met for combustion: there are combustibles. Combustibles. There is a source of fire.

2.Common sources of ignition are: open flames. High-temperature objects. Mars. Electric spark. Bright light, etc.

3.The main fires caused by the factors of life include: careless use of fire. Careless use of electricity. with oil. Careless use of gas. Smoking carelessly. Play with fire. Set off fireworks, etc.

4.Household flammable items include: wooden furniture. Futon curtains. Clothings. Couch. Book. Gas canisters and so on.

2. Common sense of fire prevention in schools and public places.

1.Students are not allowed to bring fireworks. Firecracker. Smash the cannon. Flammable and explosive materials such as matches are admitted to the school.

2.The flammable and explosive materials used in the experiment should be stored in a special warehouse, and they should be collected at any time, and should not be stored on site.

3.Pay attention to check the installation and use of electrical equipment frequently, and cut off the power supply after use.

4.Do not carry fire, do not carry flammable and explosive materials (such as gasoline. Sprinkle sperm, etc.) to public places, or take public transport.