The climate of Africa presents a pattern of as the center and as the distribution state. Cau

The climate of Africa is distributed in a pattern centered (with the equator as the axis) and symmetrical (from north to south).

Reason: The equator traverses central Africa, and the latitude spanned by the north and south parts is roughly equal, and the pressure and wind belts spanned by Africa are also roughly symmetrical from north to south. In addition, it is also related to the fact that the terrain is a plateau continent with little undulation, the lack of high mountain barriers, the small vertical change of climate, the distribution of temperature and precipitation in Africa does not change much, and the zonality is relatively obvious.

The distribution of climate types in Africa is symmetrically distributed from north to south with the equator as the axis, and the main climate types from the equator to the two sides are: tropical rainforest climate, savannah climate, tropical desert climate, and Mediterranean climate.

The causes of tropical rainforest climate are: controlled by the equatorial depression all year round, with high temperature and rainfall; The climate of the savannah is controlled by the alternating control of the equatorial low pressure zone and the trade wind belt, which is hot all year round and has distinct dry and wet seasons. The causes of the tropical desert climate are:

It is controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone or trade wind belt, with high temperature, drought and little rain all year round. Mediterranean climate: Controlled by alternating subtropical highs and westerly winds, it has hot and dry summers and mild and rainy winters.

However, there are also some climates that show non-zonal phenomena that do not conform to the law due to the influence of land and sea distribution, topography, ocean currents, etc.: for example, the east side of the island of Madagascar has a tropical rainforest climate, and the west side has a savannah climate - reason 1The topography of the island is high in the middle and low on the sides.

2.The east side is located on the windward slope of the southeast trade wind, and the precipitation is more than 3On the east coast, a strong Madagascar current warms and humidifies; Another example is that the East African Plateau is near the equator but has a savannah climate – the reason for this is the high terrain, low temperature, and poor hydrothermal conditions and combinations.

In addition, there is a small narrow tropical desert climate along the coast of southwestern Africa – due to the cooling and dehumidification of cold snaps on the western side.

Characteristics of the climate distribution in Africa:

Tropical climate;

The climate types are roughly distributed in a band;

With the equator as the axis of symmetry, the same climate is symmetrically distributed in the northern and southern hemispheres.

Causes: Africa is located between about 35°S and 37°N, with a large tropical area;

In the middle and low latitudes, the banded distribution of the pressure belt and wind belt is obvious.

The equator passes through the central part of the African continent, making the same climate symmetrically distributed in the northern and southern hemispheres;

The terrain of Africa is dominated by plateaus, and the terrain is relatively flat, which does not have a great impact on the climate.

Extended information: Africa (Latin: Africa), the full name of Africa, is located in the western part of the eastern hemisphere, south of Europe, west of Asia, east of the Indian Ocean, west of the Atlantic Ocean, across the north and south of the equator, with an area of about 30.2 million square kilometers (land area), accounting for the world's total land area, is the world's second largest continent, but also the second largest continent in population (about 1.2 billion).

The African continent extends east to Cape Haphon (51°24 E', 10°27 N'), south to Cape Agulhas (20°02 E', latitude 34°51 S'), west to Cape Verde (longitude 17°33 W', 14°45 N'), north to Cape Gilan (Cape Benseka) (longitude 9°50 E', 37°21 N'）。

Features &

Reasons for this:

The tropical climate, no temperate and cold zones, high temperatures throughout the year, is known as a tropical continent. Because the equator passes through the central part of the African continent, it is located between 30 degrees north and south latitude.

2.The climatic zone is distributed in a clear belt and is symmetrical from north to south. The reason for this is that the equator passes through the middle of the continent, and the entire continent is basically divided into two parts by the equator.

Therefore, the latitudinal zonality is obvious, and the climate zone is centered on the tropical rainforest, and the tropical savannah, tropical desert and Mediterranean climate are distributed in turn to the north and south.

3.The climate is hot and dry. First, the tropical rainforest climate area is small, mainly located in the Congo River basin, and the area is small.

The second is the Mediterranean-style climate, located on the northern and southern edges of the continent, with a small area, hot and arid summers and warm and humid winters. Third, the area is large and the savannah climate has obvious dry and wet seasons. Fourth, the tropical desert climate, mainly located in the Sahara Desert and the southwest corner of the narrow strip, and the Sahara Desert accounts for 1 4 of the total area of Africa, hot and dry throughout the year, long sunshine hours, and large temperature difference between day and night.

In short, the latitude of the whole of Africa is low and the temperature is high; The dry area is wide, and the area of the perennial humid area is small. The formation of this climatic characteristics and the east-west belt distribution, and the north-south symmetry, is determined by the equator traversing central Africa, the latitude spanned by the north and south parts is roughly equal, and the pressure zone and wind belt spanned by Africa are also roughly symmetrical from north to south. At the same time, the topography is a plateau continent with little undulation, lack of high mountain blocking, and the vertical change of climate is small, so the distribution of temperature and precipitation in Africa does not change much, and the zonality is more obvious.

Extended Content:

Characteristics, causes, and distribution of the world's climate types

Africa's climate is centered on the equator and is symmetrically distributed from north to south. Reason: The African continent is based on the equator, with symmetrical latitudes from north to south, flat terrain, and plateaus.

The most prominent feature of the distribution of climate types in Africa is that the equator is the axis and the north-south symmetry. Near the equator, the western side of the continent has a tropical rainforest climate, and the eastern side of the continent has a savannah climate. Further north and south, about 10 to 20 degrees Celsius, the climate is savannah.

The northern Sahara Desert region has a large tropical desert climate, while the Mediterranean coast has a Mediterranean climate. The southern part of the country has a tropical desert climate, and the southernmost part of the Cape of Good Hope has a Mediterranean climate.

Reason: The latitude and longitude range in Africa ranges from 30 degrees north latitude to 30 degrees south latitude. The equator is basically located in the middle, and the distribution of climate types in the northern and southern hemispheres is consistent from the equator to the north and south poles, which leads to the symmetry of the distribution of climate types from the north and south of the equator.

The high altitude of the East African plateau near the equator lowers temperatures and reduces precipitation, resulting in a grassland climate rather than a rainforest climate.

Africa is the continent with the most widely distributed savannah climate and tropical desert climate in the world, in addition to tropical rainforest climate, Mediterranean climate, with the equator as the axis of symmetry and symmetrical distribution from north to south. In mountainous areas, the climate is predominantly plateau and mountainous. As shown below:

Africa is dominated by a savannah climate.

Savannah climate.

Distribution: On the north and south sides of the tropical rainforest climate zone and in the East African plateau.

Features: High temperature throughout the year, divided into dry and wet seasons (summer rain and winter dry).

The savannah climate, also known as tropical dry and wet season climate, Savannah climate, savannah climate, and tropical sparse forest steppe climate, is roughly distributed between 10° north and south latitude and the Tropic of Capricorn, and is typical of central Africa, most of South America and Brazil, and the northern and eastern parts of the Australian continent. The distribution area of this type is in the alternate control area of the equatorial low pressure belt and the trade wind belt. The temperature is high throughout the year, with an average annual temperature of about 25°C.

When the equatorial low pressure zone is controlled, the equatorial air mass prevails and precipitation is concentrated. During the period when the trade wind belt is controlled, it is controlled by tropical continental air masses, and there is drought and little rainfall. Annual precipitation is generally 700-1000 mm, with a significantly longer dry season. The natural vegetation is savanna.

Tropical climate (rainforest, grassland, desert). Equatorial binox.

There are five climate types in Africa:

1. Tropical rainforest climate.

2. Savannah climate.

3. Tropical desert climate.

4. Mediterranean climate.

5. Alpine climate.

Its distribution characteristics are: north-south symmetrical distribution with the equator as the axis.

The most widely distributed is the savannah climate climate type.

The climatic distribution characteristics of Africa are as follows: (1) the climate is mainly tropical; (2) The climate types were roughly distributed in a band; (3) With the equator as the axis of symmetry, the symmetrical distribution of the same climate in the northern and southern hemispheres.

Causes: (1) Africa is located between about 35°S and 37°N, with a large tropical area; (2) The band-like distribution of the pressure and wind belts in the middle and low latitudes is obvious. (3) the equator passes through the middle of the African continent, making the same climate symmetrically distributed in the northern and southern hemispheres; (4) The terrain of Africa is dominated by plateaus, and the terrain is relatively flat, which does not have a great impact on the climate.