How many types of seal scripts are there? What are the works of seal calligraphy

There are many types of seal scripts, which can be summarized as follows:

1. Oracle.

With a history of 3,000 years, it is the earliest recognizable writing in the world, mainly used for divination. The oracle bone writing is thin and straight, with many straight lines. There are square pens, round pens, and sharp pens, and there are more "hanging needles" in the hand.

Second, the big seal, the big seal is the general name of the inscription, the ancient text, the golden text, the stone drum, the taste of the pen and the oracle bone inscription is very different, the style is thick and simple, and the body is colorful and colorful.

Three, small seals. Xiao Seal refers to Qin Shi Huang.

Timing Lis. and others implemented the "book with the same text", based on the Qin seal, a simplified standard script that appeared by unifying the six languages. The small seal penmanship is round and fair, the knot is elegant and peaceful, and there are rules to follow, which is the only way to recognize the seal and understand the original meaning of the text.

The small seal developed to the Qing Dynasty, the lines became thicker, and the changes in the thickness of the strokes, the frustration, the slow speed, the weight and the square circle were broken. Another branch of the small seal is the Han seal, which is mixed with the subordination of the square fold on the pen, and the seal book that enters the seal is more square fold, also known as the Miao seal, that is, the copy of the seal.

1. There are two main types: large seals and small seals. Among them, the big seal refers to:

The oracle bone inscriptions, the Jin inscriptions, the Zhou inscriptions, the Six Kingdoms scripts, etc., preserve the obvious characteristics of ancient hieroglyphs. The small seal is also called "Qin seal": it is the general text of the Qin State, the simplified font of the large seal, which is characterized by the uniform shape and neatness, and the font is easier to write than the Zhou text.

2. Beauty: As a kind of Chinese calligraphy, seal script is very beautiful, depending on personal aesthetic views. The big seal is more quaint, and the small seal is more dignified and beautiful.

3. There are some ancient characters that are more decorative, such as stacked seals, bird and insect books, and the like.

1, Mao Gongding

The bronzes cast by Mao Gong in the late Western Zhou Dynasty were unearthed in Qishan, Shaanxi Province (now Qishan County, Baoji City) in the last years of the Qing Daoguang Dynasty, and were collected in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The inscription in Mao Gongding's house is 497 characters long, recording that Mao Gong sincerely offered advice to King Xuan of Zhou for the country.

It is known as "worthy of a book". Its calligraphy is a mature Western Zhou Dynasty Jin Wen style, strange and flying, the weather is muddy, the brushwork is round and vigorous, and the knot is long. It is an important historical material for the study of the political history of the late Western Zhou Dynasty.

2. Loose plate

It is named because of the inscription with the word "Sanshi". Some people think that the maker is a museum, also known as a museum. It is said that Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty was unearthed in Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province in the early years.

In 1935, "Sanshi Pan" was transferred to the National Palace Museum in Beiping along with other cultural relics of the Qing Palace, and it was moved south during the Anti-Japanese War, and is now stored in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.

Sanshi plate, its inscription structure is ancient, the lines are round and condensed, the handwriting is sloppy and the glyph is flat, the body posture is on the side, it seems strange and vivid, and the end of the "grass seal" has been opened. Because of the horizontal trend and the center of gravity is low, it is more simple. Its sense of "casting" is very strong, showing a strong "golden taste", so it occupies an important position in the stele system.

3. White plate of the season

The Shang and Zhou dynasties were unearthed in Baoji in the late Qing Dynasty, and are now collected in the National Museum of China, which is the treasure of the town hall. The white plate of Yu Jizi is regarded as a gem in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its arrangement and glyph treatment are obviously different from other Western Zhou inscriptions, but there is a certain pattern similar to that of Wu Chuwen of the Warring States period in the late Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

For example, it pays great attention to the individuality of each text.

The lines pay attention to the feeling of beauty and smoothness, while the glyphs pay attention to the pursuit of sparse and avoidance, and some money slips are deliberately elongated, creating a turbulent spatial effect. The refinement and finesse of the shape also surprised everyone with such a beautiful and elegant style in the Western Zhou Dynasty Jinwen.

Features of Seal Script:

1.Because of the shape of the idea.

The characteristic of the appreciation of seal calligraphy is first of all the intention of the form. There are a lot of pictographs of the big seal, there are many ways to express them, most of them belong to the meaning of the shape, such as horses, sheep, elephants, etc., and there are a lot of ways to write them, and the law of the distribution structure has not yet been regularized.

The radical shape and position of the oracle bone script are also very scattered, and the small seal after the unification of the script in the Qin Dynasty. After the text is organized, it tends to be more unified, but there are still a lot of graphic characters that are based on shape.

2.The body is positive and round.

The characteristics of seal calligraphy appreciation are also the positive potential of the body. The small seal shape should be relied on, to be correct, the horizontal painting is flattened, and the vertical painting must be straight, which is a strict and neat form of calligraphy. The small seal from the structure to the pen is mainly round, the outer contour of the word, due to the elongation of the center of the word, such as the middle, the day.

and forms a very natural oval shape.

The character of the small seal, where the square fold is an arc line, a small number of Miao seal and Qin Zhao plate with engraving also have part of the room type posture, but carefully observe, there is still a circle in the square, and the official font is mainly square, very different.

Big seal, small seal. The Great Seal refers to the Jinwen, Zhouwen, and Liuguo scripts, which preserve the obvious characteristics of ancient hieroglyphs. The small seal, also known as the "Qin seal", is the general script of the Qin State, the simplified font of the large seal, which is characterized by the uniform and neat shape, and the font is easier to write than the Zhou text.

Its penmanship is thin and straight, there are more curves, less straight lines, the pen has a square pen, a round pen, and a pointed pen, and the pen "hanging needle" is more.

Seal script is one of the earliest types of calligraphy, and its penmanship is relatively simpler than other scripts. The seal script is decorative. Therefore, it is said that "calligraphy starts from the seal script, and the learner should first learn the seal script."

The seal script is serious, the cloth is rigorous, and the study of the seal script can avoid the problems of weakness, vulgarity, absurdity, and obliqueness.

To learn the seal, the most important thing is to master the vertical and horizontal lines of the pen, master the arc of the pen, the arc of the pen is the basic skill of Qin Seal but it is more difficult to connect, need more research, long-term hard and high training training.

When you practice strokes, you should pay attention to the horizontal pen when starting the pen, the horizontal line from the top of the pen position against the front into the paper, the tip of the pen slightly to the right of the stove, to avoid forks, to the left, hold the pen and go down, and then to the right to move the pen up, to the lower left when the edge of the pen and the pen coincide. The pen should be the same as the chopsticks, and the circle should be square.

Pay attention to the even right line when writing, remember to lift the pen and write, and write according to the pen. Particular emphasis is placed on the center of the pen, and the tip of the pen is in the middle of the stroke when making sure that the pen is in the middle of the stroke.

There is no fixed classification of seal words, half of the seal words are referred to small seals, just like your Buddhist monk treasure, as well as large seals, plum blossom seals, etc., big seals plum blossom seals these things Li Si used before, Li Si of the Qin Dynasty made the seal unified, and formed today's small seal.