Who knows the evolutionary process of the animal respiratory system 10

Amphibian!!

The animal body constantly consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide during the metabolic process. The process of gas exchange between the body and the external environment is called respiration. There are two places of gas exchange, one is the exchange of gas between the outside world and respiratory organs such as the lungs and gills, into lung respiration or gills (or external respiration).

The other is the exchange of gases between blood and tissue fluids and body tissues and cells (internal respiration).

The common characteristics of the respiratory organs are thin-walled, large-area, moist, and rich capillary distribution. The blood vessels that enter the respiratory organs contain hypoxic blood, and the blood vessels leaving the respiratory organs contain multi-oxygen blood.

Lower aquatic animals do not have special respiratory organs, and rely on the diffusion and osmosis of gases in the water for gas exchange. In higher aquatic animals, the gills become the main respiratory organs. Terrestrial invertebrates exchange gases in the trachea or book lungs.

In terrestrial vertebrates, the lungs are the only organ for gas exchange.

The lungs are a cavity that contains large, moist breathing surfaces that are located inside the body and are protected by body walls. In addition to the lungs, the respiratory system of mammals also has a set of ventilatory structures, namely the respiratory tract.

OK! Frogs show you how!

Answer: Regardless of the respiratory organs, the exchange of oxygen is achieved by the diffusion of water (or liquid), and this process is much slower than the diffusion in the air. The surface of the body of the lower animals that live in water and are small is relatively large, so the oxygen required can be met through the diffusion of the body surface.

Such as protozoa, coelenterates, flattened animals (parasitic species can carry out anaerobic respiration), prosthetic coelage animals, annelids, etc. When mollusks begin to develop respiratory organs, they breathe by the gills, mantle, or "lungs" formed by the mantle, and the flow of water flows through the gills in a certain direction, opposite to the direction of blood flow in the gills. There are gills in the form of ctenophores, filamentous gills, and valve gills.

All of the above are adapted to life in the sea, freshwater, and land (e.g. snails). Echinoderma animals live in the ocean and use their gills for breathing; Hemichordates, caudal chordates, cephalic chordates, round-mouthed animals, and fish all live in water and breathe with gills. Arthropods are widely distributed and have a variety of respiratory organs, with aquatic species generally respiring with gills or book gills, and terrestrial species using book lungs or trachea.

Amphibians began to land, lung respiration was imperfect, ** respiration as an auxiliary respiratory organ, the appearance of internal nostrils, pharyngeal breathing, the appearance of laryngeal tracheal room reptiles for real terrestrial animals, with further improvement of lung respiration, and the differentiation of trachea and bronchi, due to the appearance of secondary palate, the oral cavity and nasal cavity began to separate; Due to the presence of the thoracic cage, the air pressure in the lungs and respiratory tract is different from the outside atmospheric pressure with the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cage, and the gas is inhaled or expelled. In order to fly, birds have a complete trachea, bronchi, and unique lungs and air sacs to form efficient respiratory organs, and have a unique dual breathing mode. Mammals adapt to a wider space environment, and the respiratory system is more perfect, with a respiratory tract, consisting of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and trachea.

The lungs are made up of complex bronchial trees and terminal alveoli that efficiently absorb the oxygen they need from the air.

The nutrients needed by human cells should enter the circulatory system through the digestion and absorption of the digestive system, and the oxygen should enter the circulatory system through the respiratory system. Carbon dioxide and part of the water are excreted by the respiratory system, and a part of the water and a small amount of inorganic salts are removed with sweat through **, therefore, the material exchange between human cells and the external environment must pass through the system of the digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, circulatory system, etc

The nutrients needed by human cells should enter the circulatory system through the digestion and absorption of the digestive system, and the oxygen should enter the circulatory system through the respiratory system, and also fit the nutrients to be transported to the tissues with the circulatory system, and enter the interstitial fluid, so as to provide the first durability of the tissue cells, and the metabolic wastes produced by the tissue cells enter the interstitial fluid, and then enter the circulatory system. A part of water and a small amount of inorganic salts are eliminated with sweat through **, therefore, the material exchange between human cells and the external environment must pass through the digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, circulatory system, etc

The nutrients needed by human cells should enter the circulatory system through the digestion and absorption of the digestive system, and the oxygen should enter the circulatory system through the respiratory system, and also fit the nutrients to be transported to the tissues with the circulatory system, and enter the interstitial fluid, so as to provide the first durability of the tissue cells, and the metabolic wastes produced by the tissue cells enter the interstitial fluid, and then enter the circulatory system. A part of water and a small amount of inorganic salts are eliminated with sweat through **, therefore, the material exchange between human cells and the external environment must pass through the digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, circulatory system, etc

Animal respiratory system: A general term for a series of organs in which humans and animals exchange gases with the outside air. The respiratory system of humans and mammals consists of two parts: the respiratory tract and the lungs.

The respiratory tract includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi. The lungs are the site of gas exchange between humans and mammals. Amphibians, reptiles, and birds are also groups that breathe with their lungs.

Insects and myriapods breathe with the tracheal system; Aquatic animals mostly use gills to breathe; Planarians, earthworms and other lower animals use their epidermis for respiration; Many parasites, such as tapeworms and roundworms, do not have a respirator tube and undergo anaerobic respiration. Respiration is an important life activity of animals, and when breathing stops, life is coming to an end.

1 External respiration, also known as pulmonary respiration, includes the process of gas exchange between alveolar air and outside air, and between alveolar air and pulmonary capillaries, the former is called lung ventilation, and the latter is called lung ventilation.

2 Transport of gases in the blood Through the blood circulation, oxygen uptake from the alveoli is transported to the tissue cells, and carbon dioxide produced by the tissue cells is transported to the lungs.

3 Internal respiration, also known as tissue respiration, refers to the gas exchange process between cells and blood through tissue fluid, that is, the carbon dioxide produced in the metabolism of tissue cells first releases human tissue fluid, and then enters the capillary blood, and the oxygen in the capillary blood also enters the tissue fluid first and then is taken up by the tissue cells. Intracellular oxidation processes are also sometimes included.

The three parts of respiration are connected to each other and carried out at the same time, relying on the coordination of the respiratory system and the blood circulation system to complete the gas exchange process.

The whole process of respiration in higher animals (including humans) includes three interrelated links: external respiration, gas transport in the blood, and internal respiration.

The whole process of respiration in higher animals includes three links: 1. external respiration, 2. transport of gases in the blood, and 3. internal respiration.

Natural selection is the main factor influencing biological evolution and determines the direction of biological evolution. Due to natural selection, the genes of the favorable Zheng and Zheng bands in different environments were fixed, which could eventually lead to the reproductive isolation of organisms in different environments and the formation of new species. Since the basic point of synthesis of evolution theory is still natural selection, it is also called neo-Darwinism.

What is the difference between the composition and structural characteristics of your respiratory system and that of animals? (Find at least 2 points).

Hello dear!! We'll be happy to answer for you. A general term for a series of trembling organs in which humans and animals exchange gases with the outside air.

The respiratory system of humans and mammals consists of two parts: the respiratory tract and the lungs. The respiratory tract includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi. The lungs are the site of the exchange of human and mammalian gas holes.

Amphibians, reptiles, and birds are also groups that breathe with their lungs. insects and myriapods breathe with the tracheal system; Aquatic animals mostly use gills to breathe; Planarians, earthworms and other lower animals use their epidermis for respiration; Many parasites, such as tapeworms and roundworms, do not have a respirator tube and undergo anaerobic respiration. Respiration is an important life activity of animals, and when breathing stops, life is coming to an end.