Regarding the sinicization policy of the Northern Wei Dynasty, what measures did Emperor Xiaowen of

In the eighteenth year, Emperor Xiaowen eliminated the opposition of the old nobles and conservative forces such as Mu Tai, Yuan Pi and Taizi Sui, and moved the capital from Pingcheng to Luoyang. Emperor Xiaowen reformed the old customs, mainly banning Hu clothes and changing to Han clothes; Xianbei language was forbidden in the imperial court, and Chinese was spoken instead; It was stipulated that after the death of Xianbei nobles in Luoyang, they were not allowed to return to Pingcheng, and changed their hometown to Luoyang, Henan, and changed their Xianbei surname to Han surname; The Xianbei aristocracy became a gatekeeper and advocated their intermarriage with the Han Gaomen. In Taihezhong, it was agreed that the rank of 100 officials would be divided into nine products, and each product would be divided into positive and subordinate.

Congpin is the first of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the nineteenth year, in accordance with the standards of family lineage and official titles, the Xianbei nobles since the north of the Dynasty were designated as surnames and clans, with the surname being high and the clan secondary, among which Mu, Lu, He, Liu, Lou, Yu, Ji, and Wei had eight surnames, "all Taizu has descended, honored the world, the prince, the one who can be known, and the lower Sizhou, the ministry, do not be obscene, together with the four surnames." "The so-called four surnames, one is said to be the Central Plains Han Gaomen Cui, Lu, Li, Zheng, and the other is said to be the four county surnames of the Han people A, B, C, and Ding, and the latter seems to be true.

The Banding surname clan further combined the Xianbei nobles with the Han Shi clan.

Sinicization policy。 The Central Plains under the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty, dominated by the Han nationality, had a high feudal culture, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei carried out bold reforms in political and social customs, eliminated the estrangement and contradictions between the Xianbei and the Han people, and accelerated the sinicization of the Xianbei people - that is, feudalization, in clothing, language, funeral, intermarriage, official governance, gate valves and other systems have relevant sinicization regulations. These reforms promoted the entry of the ethnic minorities in the north into the feudal society, adapted to the natural trend of integration among the people of all ethnic groups, and played a positive role in promoting the social and economic development and the great integration of ethnic groups at that time.

1: Chinese must be used in the imperial court, and Xianbei is prohibited. 2：

** and family members must wear Han costumes. 3: Change the surname of the Xianbei people to the surname of the Han nationality, and change the surname of the royal family from the surname Tuoba to the surname Yuan.

4: Encourage Xianbei nobles to marry Han nobles. 5：

Adopt the official system and laws of the Han nationality. 6: Learn the etiquette of the Han people, respect Confucius, govern the country with filial piety, and advocate the atmosphere of pension and pension.

Generally speaking, the Sinicization policy of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty mainly involved many aspects such as speaking Chinese, wearing Hanfu, using Han surnames, marrying with Han, and speaking Han customs. The landmark event of Emperor Wen's Sinicization reform was the relocation of the capital to Luoyang.

The background of the Sinicization reform

The Northern Wei Dynasty was a feudal dynasty established by the Xianbei Tuoba Department during the Northern and Southern Dynasties in China, and before entering the Central Plains, the Xianbei people were at the end of the primitive society, which formed a significant contrast with the advanced civilization in the Central Plains. It is precisely because of the influence of the developed culture of the Central Plains that the Northern Wei Dynasty is also gradually transforming from patriarchal slavery to feudalism.

Limited by the influence of social forms, the Xianbei ruling group has long lived by plundering, and has exercised the most barbaric and cruel rule over the Han people in the ruling area, and the Han people have no livelihood. In the early days of the founding of the Northern Wei Dynasty, uprisings occurred one after another. Therefore, during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, reforming the social system and solving the contradictions between the Xianbei and Han ethnic groups had become the primary task of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

What were the sinicization policies of Emperor Wei Xiaowen?

After Emperor Wei Xiaowen moved the capital, in order to clear the language barrier between the Xianbei and Han people, and solve the contradictions between the two ethnic groups, Xiangshan achieved the goal of ruling the Han people for a long time. formulatedIt is forbidden to wear Hu clothes, and it is forbidden to speak in a humble mannerThe policy, "shall not be the language of the northern vulgar in the court, and those who are obsessed will be exempted from the residence of the official." At the same time, it was also stipulated that "the long ruler and the big bucket should be used instead, and its law should be based on the Hejaz."

In 496 AD, it was decided to go furtherChange the surname of Xianbei to the surname of Han, such as Tuoba clan autumn for the Yuan clan (Wei Xiaowen Emperor's surname Tuoba and name Hong). "The rest is changed, and it is not invincible. "At the same time, change the place of origin of the migrants.

All the Xianbei people who moved to Luoyang were born and moved to Luoyang, and they were buried in Beibi Mountain.

At the same time, in order to win over the Han landlord class, Emperor Wei Xiaowen Tuoba Hong also implementedHu and Han intermarriage。According to the records, "with the four surnames of Luoyang Lu Min, Qing He Cui Zongbo, Xingyang Zheng Xi, and Taiyuan Wang Qiong, they were pushed by their clothes, and their daughters were used as harems." "The policy of winning Han women as wives was pursued within the ruling class, especially the daughters of Han landlords in the Central Plains were hired as wives for several of their younger brothers.

The purpose and impact of the sinicization policy

The purpose of the Sinicization policy was to reconcile the internal contradictions between the Xianbei and Han ethnic groups, so as to maintain the rule of the Xianbei ruling class. However, from the perspective of historical development, the implementation of the Sinicization policy has greatly promoted ethnic integration and made a significant contribution to the economic policy and cultural development of the north.

The Han surname was adopted to encourage He Kong Xianxiao to turn the Bei clan.

Married to the Han people. People are not allowed to wear Hufu, they have to wear Hanfu, and they have to speak Chinese.

Changing one's name to a Chinese surname, speaking Chinese, learning Confucianism, promoting Confucianism, changing the Hanfu of Socks, and moving the capital to Luoyang are some of the measures in the Sinicization policy.

1.Move the capital to Luoyang 2Married to a Han 3Wear Hanfu 4Speak Chinese 5Changed his surname to Han surname.

Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty was a famous emperor in Chinese history, and he took many sinicization measures during his reign, which was praised by later generations. Specifically, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty took the following measures for sinicization:

Abolition of Hufu: Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty abolished Hufu and changed to Hanfu. He believes that Hufu is a symbol of high aristocracy, Hanfu is a symbol of the people, and the abolition of Hufu is equivalent to improving the interests of the people, which is a kind of care for the surname of the hundred limbs.

Reform of the Yuan Costume: Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty reformed the Yuan Fu to bring it closer to the Han costume. He believed that the Yuanfu was too complex to rule, so he reformed the Yuanfu to make it simpler and more practical.

Abolition of Hu Wen: Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty abolished Hu Wen and replaced it with Chinese. He believed that Hu Wen was difficult to read and write, which was not conducive to the spread of culture, so he abolished Hu Wen and replaced it with Chinese.

Implement the policy of sinicization: Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty implemented the policy of Han and La, using Han as the official language and promoting Han throughout the country. He believed that the Chinese language was the most popular language, which could give the people a better understanding of policies and was the basis of governance.

The lord of Wei is Emperor Xiaowen of Wei in the north, and he talks about the sinicization policy of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Emperor Xiaowen, the original text Tuoba Hong, later changed to Yuan Hong. The reform of Emperor Xiaowen refers to the reforms implemented during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty during the Northern and Southern Dynasties of China.

Its main contents include the implementation of the uniform field system and household regulation, the reform of the official system and legal decrees, the relocation of the capital to Luoyang, and the change of Han customs.

The Sinicization reform measures implemented by Emperor Xiaowen were conducive to alleviating class contradictions, and played a positive role in the recovery and development of the social economy. The Jiupin Zhongzheng system, which was founded in the Cao Wei period, had become a situation in which officials were selected from the great clans of the Western Jin Dynasty, and evolved into two major social classes: the scholar and the Shu.

Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty is a rare Ming monarch, and the sinicization of the whole country is a very wise decision, after all, it is still a large Han population, and the unification of Sinicization is conducive to management and the concentration of imperial power.

Personally, I think it was the unique views and strategies of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty that made him implement the sinicization of the whole country, and the unification of sinicization is very correct.

Although Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty was of the Xianbei ethnic group, most of the people of the Northern Wei Dynasty were Han Chinese, so he implemented the sinicization of the whole country in order to better rule.

Because Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty is a member of the Xianbei tribe, if you want to be with the whole country, you must obey the majority of the minority, and all sinicization is more conducive to governance.

Because they rule the Central Plains, if they do not vigorously promote sinicization, it will lead to the confrontation between the Xianbei and Han people, which is not conducive to the rule, and they think that the Han culture and civilization are advanced.

The culture of the Han nationality has many advantages that are worth learning from the ethnic minorities. If Emperor Xiaowen wanted to rule a diverse country, he would definitely break down the boundaries and let the two ethnic groups merge.

Because the Han people account for the majority, it is more convenient to manage after sinicization, and it is not easy for Emperor Xiaowen to have such an awareness at that time.

In order to alleviate the direct contradictions between the nation, the Han and Xianbei ethnic groups had deep contradictions at that time, and they began to alleviate the contradictions after he became emperor.

Maybe it's to form a unity, or too many types will find it very troublesome.,That's why the system of national sinicization is implemented.。