Explanation of the noun of seal carving, noun explanation of small seal

Seal art with seal script as the main body.

Xiao Seal, after Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms (222 BC), the implementation of the "book with the same text, the car with the same track", unified weights and measures policy, by the Prime Minister Li Si is in charge, on the basis of the original use of the Qin State on the basis of the Great Seal script, simplified, created a unified Chinese character writing form. It was popular from the Qin Dynasty until the end of the Western Han Dynasty (about 8 AD), and it was gradually replaced by Lishu. However, because of its beautiful font and ancient charm, it has always been favored by calligraphers.

And because of its complex strokes, the form is ancient, and can be added at will, the seal engraving, especially the official seal that needs to be anti-counterfeiting, has been using the seal script until the fall of the feudal dynasty, and the emergence of new anti-counterfeiting technology in modern times.

The small seal (Qin seal) is a simplified form of Chinese character writing from the big seal, and it is also the product of the first large-scale standardization of writing by administrative means in Chinese history.

The small seal was popular in China until the end of the Western Han Dynasty, when it was gradually replaced by Lishu. After Qin Shi Huang destroyed the Six Kingdoms, he ordered the "small seal" of the Qin State to be used as the standard to unify the script. The development of Chinese characters to the stage of small seals gradually began to be stereotyped (outlines, strokes, and structures), and the pictographic meaning weakened, making the characters more symbolic, and reducing confusion and difficulties in writing and reading.

Features Briefly. It is rectangular, with a square letter and a half as the degree, a word as the body, and a half word as the hanging foot, with a rough ratio of about 3:2.

It is a horizontal and vertical stroke, with uniform roundness and thickness. All horizontal and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, all strokes are mainly circles, the circle is round, the circle is round, the circle is round, and the circle is square, so that the circle is alive and full of fun.

It is balance and symmetry, and the balance and symmetry of spatial division are the unique charm of seal script. Symmetry exists not only in left-right symmetry, top-down symmetry, but also in the local symmetry of the word, the symmetry of the left and right inclination of the arc stroke.

It is tight at the top and loose at the bottom, most of the main part of the small seal is in the upper half, and the lower half is the telescopic hanging foot. Of course, there are also characters without feet, the main stroke is in the lower part, and the upper stroke can be raised.

The manifestations of seal carving are.

a Zhu Wen b Bai Wen C Yin Wen d Yang Wen.

Zhu Wen and Bai Wen.

It is also called Yin and Yang.

Zhu Wen is Yin carving, Yin Wen is Yin carving.

Interpretation of the seal script.

seal character]

One of the Chinese fonts. There are two types of seals: large seals and small seals. The big seal is the golden text, also known as the book; The small seal is the writing method prescribed after the unification of the Qin Dynasty Detailed explanation (1).

A general term for large and small seals. Ming Wang Wei's "Zhenze Long Language: Character Study": The collection of seal books and the "Diamond Sutra" is prepared in all bodies, although it may not be imitated and guessed, it can also be seen that the changes in calligraphy in the past dynasties.

Cao Yu's "Pekingese" Act 1: "On the door of the small study, there is a horizontal plaque with three big characters in seal script, 'Yangxinzhai'. ” 2).

Write a front-type seal character. Tang Hanyu's "Afterword to the Book of Science and Fighting": At that time, Li Jian Yang Bing was able to write seals alone.

Qing Liang Zhangju "Returning to the Field· Tianxia Taiping Four Characters: When hearing that Ruan Yuntai was in the phase, every year before the division, he used Songjiang flower silk square seal script 'Tianxia Taiping', the words are like Qin and Han tiles, and they know the good. ” 3).

That is, a small seal. Wang Mang is one of the six-body books. "Hanshu Art and Literature Chronicles" :

Six-body people, ancient texts, odd characters, seal scripts, official scripts, Miao seals, insect books. "Jin Shu Wei Heng Biography": When Wang Mang was in power, he made Sikong Zhen Feng school the Writing Department, revised the ancient text, and rebuilt six books and ......The three are called seal books, and Qin seal books are also.

Word decomposition Explanation of 篆 篆 à A type of Chinese character: 大篆. Seal script.

Seal. Seal script. Writing seal characters:

Seal. Seals are mostly used in seal script, so they are the pronouns of official seals, and they are also honorific titles for other people's names: seal carving.

Seals. Second seal. Taiwan seal.

radical : bamboo; Explanation of the book Book (书) ū cost of the book : book.

Books. Manuscript. Scholarly.

Bookish (refers to the style of a reader who speaks, composes, writes, draws, etc.). Scholarly anger (refers to the habit of the reader who is detached from reality). Letters:

Epistle. Books. Book Jane .

Correspondence. File: Certificate. Illustrate.

Seal carving is an ancient art form and an important part of traditional Chinese culture. According to different classification standards, seal carving can be divided into many types. Below we introduce the classification of seal carving from different perspectives.

1.Classification according to the knife method of the carving knife.

According to the different knife techniques of seal carving knives, seal carving can be divided into two types: "nicking" and "cutting". Scoring is mainly to use a knife to carve criss-crossing lines and dots on the printing material to form the desired pattern; Cutting is the use of a knife to cut the desired pattern on the printing material. Cut let Zen cut seal carving requires a seal carver with higher knife skills, and the lines of the finished product are smoother and have a strong sense of carving.

2.Classified according to the style of seal carving.

According to the style of seal carving, seal carving can be divided into various types such as "official script", "seal script", "cursive script", etc. Lishu style is an ancient font in seal carving, which has the characteristics of simple, dignified and elegant; Seal script is the most common font in seal carving, which is characterized by smooth lines and deep charm; Cursive script is a variant of seal carving, which is characterized by chaotic lines, free and casual.

3.Classified according to the material of the printing material.

According to the different materials of seal carving, seal carving can be divided into "stone seal", "wood seal", "copper seal" and other types. Lithograph is the most common printing material, with limestone or gypsum as the material, and the carved seal has the characteristics of wear-resistant, not easy to deform, and good texture; Wood seals are made of wood, and the seals carved have the characteristics of clear texture, horizontal and vertical; Copper seal is a printing material that engraves the copper plate into the desired pattern, and the engraved seal has the characteristics of high quality and high precision.

4.Classified according to the use of seal carving.

According to the different uses of seal carving, seal carving can be divided into "private seal", "official seal", "inscription", "painting seal" and other types. A private seal is a seal used for individuals, used for signature, identity identification, etc.; The official seal is used for the seal of the institution, which is used to sign official documents, contracts, etc.; The inscription is a common seal carving work in the Ming Dynasty, which is used to inscribe the name of the writer and the name of the work on the calligraphy and painting works; Painting seals are the transformation of paintings into seals, which have high artistic value.

To sum up, seal carving can be classified from multiple angles, and each type has its own unique characteristics and applications. Seal carving is not only an important part of traditional Chinese culture, but also a unique and charming art form.

Answer]: The small seal is also called "Qin seal", which was originally a text used in imitation excavation in the Qin State, and was developed and simplified on the basis of the cultivation and burial of the Zhou script. After Qin Shi Huang unified the whole country, he used the small seal as the standard glyph for the whole country, and abandoned the variant characters that were common in other regions (such as the ancient text of the Six Kingdoms, Beizhonghe, etc.).

The small seal strokes are round, the thickness is consistent, and the structure is simpler than that of the Zhouwen.

Explanation of the seal.

Seal script and 籀文. Jin Zuosi's "Wei Du Nuclear Number Fu": The school seal, the chapter is complete.

Tang Hanyu "Sacrifice to Chenzhou Li Envoy Junwen": Pick up the male words in the chapters and sentences, and peep in the seal. "New Five Dynasties History, Miscellaneous Biography Nineteen Wang Renyu Xiaoshi Xian" :

Renyu is happy to be a poem. Its little also, taste the dream of dissecting its stomach, to the West River water cleansing, Gu see the sand and stones in the river are all seals, from the text of the text. Huang Zhen "Inscription Zhu Shengjun Shi Trillium Ink" poem:

The pen ginseng seal word tree stone, the line of years is weak and super mai. ”

Word decomposition Explanation of 篆 篆 à A type of Chinese character: 大篆. Seal script.

Seal. Seal script. Writing seal characters:

Seal. Seals are mostly used in seal script, so they are the pronouns of official seals, and they are also honorific titles for other people's names: seal carving.

Seals. Second seal. Taiwan seal.

radical : bamboo; Explanation of 籀 籀 ò 籀文 A font in ancient times. China's Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were popular in the Qin State, and the stone drum inscription is its representative.

Also known as the "Great Seal". Reading: Reading (reading).

<>1.Seals

Seal is the most common form of seal carving, also known as "seal", "square seal", is used to identify the authenticity of the document and the seal of the graphic imprint. Seals are divided into two categories: metal seals and hard seals according to the materials they are made; According to the form of seals, it can be divided into different forms such as round seals, square seals, oval seals, angular seals, and old soft seals.

2.Badges

The badge is a small and delicate ornament that is widely used in seal carving. Badges are usually made of materials such as enamel and are engraved with a specific pattern, text, or logo, and are often used to identify the identity of an organization or group.

3.Inscriptions

The inscription is a text engraved on the inscription, plaque, stone pillar and other places, which has cultural connotation and historical value. The seal characters of the inscriptions are usually magnificent and smooth, so they are very artistic. In traditional Chinese culture, inscriptions are also often regarded as important carriers for ancestor worship and reminiscence of historical events.

4.Stone carvings

Stone carving is a cultural and artistic form that combines seal carving technology with carving technology. Stone carvings are usually made of hard materials such as rock, limestone, and marble, and are carved from chiseling. Stone carvings contain many important cultural, artistic and historical elements, and are one of the treasures of traditional Chinese art.

5.Qin and Han Lishu

The Qin and Han Lishu is one of the important branches of seal carving, which reached its peak in the Qin and Han dynasties. The calligraphy of the Qin and Han dynasties is characterized by strong lines and strict structure, showing a new look of Chinese calligraphy art. Because of its exquisite fonts and unique artistic style, the Qin and Han Lishu have become excellent prototypes for the production of seals, badges and other seal carvings.

6.Summary

There are many types of seal carvings, including common seals and badges, inscriptions and stone carvings with cultural connotations, and official scripts that originated in the Qin and Han dynasties. These different forms and techniques of seal carving not only present an important part of ancient Chinese culture and art, but also have a positive impact on the development of Chinese calligraphy and fine arts.