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Anonymous users2024-02-111) Politics: serfs gain personal freedom.
From the time of the promulgation of the decree, the peasants were granted the right to personal liberty to freely conduct personal and family affairs. After that, landlords were no longer allowed to buy, sell and exchange peasants as cattle and utensils. However, the landlords' coercion on the peasants outside the economy was not completely eliminated.
For example, according to the provisions of the law, before the peasants and the landlord enter into a land redemption contract, they still have a "temporary obligation" to the landlord and continue to be enslaved and dominated by the landlord.
2) Economy: The peasant was given a piece of land at the time of personal emancipation, and at the same time he was subject to certain obligations (redemption of land).
With regard to the land share and the obligations of farmers for the use of the land.
The peasants were given a piece of land when they were emancipated, and at the same time they were subject to certain obligations. The distribution of land varies from place to place and is regulated by different laws. The landlords took advantage of these regulations to cut off the most fertile and profitable part of the peasants' shares.
The land forcibly occupied by the landlords, the so-called "land cut", accounted for an average of 18 percent of the peasants' share before the reform; In some areas it reaches 20 40. The land granted to the peasants is still the property of the landlord in law, and the peasants only have the right of "permanent use" and must fulfill certain obligations to the landlord before the peasants and the landlord enter into a contract to redeem the land.
On the formalities and substance of land redemption.
The land next to the farmer's house can be redeemed by paying a legal ransom of about 60 rubles to **, and the ownership can be obtained after six months. The redemption of the land is subject to the consent of the landlord and the ransom is capitalized at the rate of 6% per annum. For example, if the annual rent is 12 rubles, then the ransom is 200 rubles.
When redeeming the land, the peasants must pay 20 25% of the ransom in advance, and the rest is advanced to the landlord by ** from the state treasury, and the peasants will repay it in the form of "ransom fee" in the next 49 years. In this way, the basis of the ransom is not the actual land **, but the capitalized servitude rent. The ransom was significantly higher than the actual land price at the time.
3) Organization and management: The village community is responsible for the payment of ransom and taxes for the peasants' share of the land, and the peasants must obtain the consent of the village community before they can leave the village community.
** Using the old village community organization, several village communities formed a township to manage the mediators produced from among the landlords and nobles. Thus, the peasantry, which had been at the disposal of individual landlords, was now to a considerable extent under the control of the local aristocracy. The village community has also established an environmental protection system to supervise the peasants to complete various obligations on time.
4) Timing: There will be a two-year transition period before redemption.
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Anonymous users2024-02-101. Contents: 1Abolish serfdom and give the peasants personal freedom.
The landlords could no longer buy, sell, and exchange the peasants at will. 2.Redemption of land.
The maximum and minimum limits for the redemption of land were established, the management of the peasants was strengthened, and the tsar also established a new kind of organization, the "village community".
2. Limitations: 1Some remnants of serfdom were preserved. 2.An imperial lord characterized by military feudalism was formed.
righteousness, showing greater aggressiveness and expansion to the outside world.
Sex. 3.A "legal" plunder of the peasant class by the landlord class.
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Anonymous users2024-02-09Tsar Nicholas I emancipated the serfs from above, and the serfs themselves paid for their own land and personal freedom.
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