How does the optical eye work, and what is the principle of light?

It can also be called a photo-eye, but it can only be said to be the lowest level of light-eye, the real light-eye technology is much smarter than it, just like an optical mouse, people can judge the movement, that is to say, the light-eye technology is surface imaging, and there is an image recognition system, this system can be an optical system, it can also be an electrical system, in short, it can recognize the image, can find the similarities and differences of different images. (If you want to understand the light eye clearly, it is difficult to use only words).

Your thing, in fact, is a light-emitting tube against a receiver tube (not necessarily a tube, photoresistor can also be, photocell can also be, but as a game console, it should be a photosensitive tube, because it is more convenient to resist interference), as long as you block the middle light, the receiver tube has no light, so the voltage on the line drawn out by it has changed, and the voltage of which line is connected to the machine has changed, and you will know where it is blocked. At the same time, according to the programmed program, somewhere is this, of course, control the display to do something, such as showing that you hit and so on.

Now, flip over a reddish optical mouse and you can see a small pit with a small prism and a lens inside. When working, a strong red light beam will be emitted from the prism to hit the desktop, and then the movement of the mouse can be judged by the movement and reflection of different colors or bumps on the desktop. Specifically, a part of the light reflected back from the bottom surface of the photoelectric mouse is transmitted to an optical sensing device (micro-imager) for imaging through a set of optical lenses.

In this way, when the optical mouse moves, its movement trajectory is recorded as a set of coherent images taken at high speed. Finally, a special image analysis chip (DSP, i.e., digital microprocessor) inside the photoelectric mouse is used to analyze and process a series of images acquired on the moving trajectory, and the movement direction and distance of the mouse are judged by analyzing the changes in the position of the feature points on these images, so as to complete the positioning of the cursor. So, the three indispensable accessories of this optical mouse are:

Optical sensors, optical lenses, light-emitting diodes. Such techniques are collectively referred to as photo-eye techniques. There is no need for a mouse pad with reflections.

You call it a touch screen, which was first installed on computers, and now it's used on game consoles, like whack-a-mole, and so on...

It is estimated that it is a light-emitting diode and photosensitive tube in the infrared band, and then all these photosensitive tubes are connected to the single-chip microcomputer for processing.

What is the machine for?

Light is usually produced by a change in the energy of an electron, specifically when an electron transitions from a high-energy state to a low-energy state, and the lost energy is converted into a photon. The essence of light is electromagnetic waves, which are divided into radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and rays. Radio waves are generally excited by free electrons in a conductor and emitted when the energy decreases.

Infrared, visible, and ultraviolet rays are produced when the valence electrons of atoms are excited to a higher energy level and then transition to a lower energy level. X-rays are produced by the excitation-transition of electrons in the inner shell of atoms. Rays come from inside the nucleus, and in the process of radioactive decay, nuclear fission, fusion, etc., there are often photons when electrons are produced and died.

At the same time, photons are often produced during the collision, decay, and annihilation of positive and negative particles of higher particles, such as the annihilation of electrons and positrons, and a pair of photons are generated. <>

If human vision is not light-sensitive, can we still have the theory of these lights? The answer is clear, that's unthinkable. Both visible and invisible light are the result of cognition based on the subjective interaction of light.

Light is interpreted from the sensory subject itself, which is the perception or reflection of light by the eye.

The light emitted by the luminaire hits the light receiver directly, creating a protective light curtain. When the light curtain is blocked, the light receiver generates a shading signal, which is transmitted to the controller through the signal optical cable, and the controller processes this signal to produce a control output signal to control the braking control loop of the machine tool or the alarm device of other equipment, so as to realize the machine tool stop running or safety alarm.