There are many pests and diseases in cotton, how can cotton increase yield and resist diseases?

It is necessary to increase cotton production and improve cotton quality. In order for cotton to become better, pests and diseases must be prevented during the planting process. Now we will learn how to deal with pests and diseases encountered in cotton farming.

Cotton wilt is very common. No matter in the first cotton planting, wilt will occur. In addition, cotton wilt can reduce the yield and quality of cotton, so it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of wilt.

Basically, the wilt of cotton is formed during the seedling period of cotton. Generally, the leaves turn yellow first and then black, which will cause the leaves to wither and die. After the cotton is harvested, all the cotton branches and leaves can be buried or burned in winter, so that the cotton can be alleviated in the second year, and carbendazim should be sprayed when cotton wilt occurs.

Cotton Verticillium wilt is a yellow spot that appears on the leaves and then spreads from the leaves to the roots and grows, causing the leaves to fall off and die. Basically, mancozeb needs to be sprayed to treat Verticillium wilt. If you want to prevent Verticillium wilt, you can plant other plants for another year in the second year, and then plant cotton, which will reduce the disease.

Sow seeds on demand, generally 4 seeds per hole; Strip seeding, generally 50 grains per square meter; Seedling transplanting, 2 grains per hole. In cotton farming, we should choose more benign soils. However, in many parts of our country, it is difficult to find enough benign soil.

In this case, we had to choose saline land for planting. Its sowing rate is different from that of general soil. In order to ensure the yield, it is generally necessary to sow about 10% more.

Basically, cotton aphid is the sound of cotton. Since this kind of aphid basically eats cotton leaves, the leaves curl and die. It is better to spray insecticides.

Cotton is also easy to breed cotton bollworm, which is mainly found on cotton flowers and pears, and falls off at night, which has a great impact on cotton quality. Therefore, spraying with insecticides to treat cotton bollworm is necessary. Also, cotton aphids are born during the growth of cotton.

Cotton aphid needs to be sprayed with imidacloprid wettable powder. Chlorpyrifos solution and new high-lipid membrane solution can control cotton aphid, and it is also easy to breed cotton spider mites, which basically appear in the middle of cotton growth. This bug likes high temperatures, so the higher the temperature, the brighter it is, and the faster it will reproduce.

It is the best time to reproduce. At this time, the spraying of the drug** is very thorough, and the use of mite removal EC and the new high-lipid membrane solution is very effective.

In cotton cultivation, it is necessary to provide a suitable soil environment, select excellent seeds, and ensure a scientific selection process, so as to ensure the final increase in yield. When selecting seeds, be sure to buy them from regular manufacturers, and carefully check the various numbers on the outer packaging to ensure that you can buy high-quality seeds. In this process, we should not choose inferior seeds for the sake of cost savings.

In addition, when selecting seeds, it is necessary to fully investigate and analyze the local ecological environment and select the most suitable seeds. When cotton is grown, it is necessary to effectively control its sowing amount.

Regular fertilization can also ensure resistance to some viruses, and most importantly, when planting cotton, it must be guaranteed to be exposed to sunlight for a long time.

Pesticides. Because after my cotton is sprayed with pesticides, there are few pests and diseases, and the yield is also high, so I should apply pesticides to the cotton.

There are many insect pests in cotton, so cotton should be disinfected, and then insecticides should be sprayed on cotton in a large area. In this way, the cotton insect infestation can be avoided, and then the yield can be increased and disease resistance.

Try to choose to spray some water to remove this medicinal property or spray other drugs to carry out a mitigation, and you can also change the cotton for land, which is also to prevent it from becoming more serious.

Be sure to spray pesticides in time, and ventilate in time, water more, fertilize more, and pull out the bad cotton.

Spraying pesticides, at this time, can only be saved by splashing pesticides, pesticides can inhibit the disease.

China is a big cotton producer, we all know that we are inseparable from cotton in our lives, it mainly makes all kinds of clothes and many household items. But in the process of cotton planting, there will be a lot of disease infestation, so that the disease will affect the quality and yield of cotton, cotton in the planting of everyone wants to plant both high yield and disease resistant cotton, how to plant this cotton? Let me introduce to you - what are the methods of increasing cotton yield and resisting diseases, I hope it will help you.

1. Cotton wilt

Cotton wilt is the most common and main disease of cotton, which occurs all over the world, which has serious harm to cotton production and causes large losses. Cotton wilt disease mainly harms cotton seedlings, there are many forms at the onset of the disease, some leaves appear yellow reticulation, and finally the leaves wilt, some leaves turn yellow or purple, but eventually the leaves wilt and the plant dies.

Prevention and control methods: Fusarium wilt bacteria can safely overwinter in soil and fertilizers, and continue to spread new plants in the coming year, so seeds, soil, fertilizers, etc. should be disinfected and sterilized before planting. Reasonable dense planting, fertilization, dilution with carbendazim in the early stage of the disease can be used to irrigate the roots or spray.

2. Cotton verticillium wilt

Cotton Verticillium wilt and wilt are only one word apart, from the name we can get, cotton Verticillium wilt onset when the leaves lose water, the leaves appear yellowish patches, with the spread of the disease, the disease spots gradually expand. After a long period of dry rainstorms, the leaves suddenly wilt and then fall off.

Prevention and control methods: choose varieties with strong disease resistance, avoid continuous do, it is best to rotate with other crops, can reduce the occurrence of diseases, spray growth regulators such as shrinkage and safety in the budding stage, and regularly spray mancozeb or methyl sulfide and other agents, which have a preventive effect.

3. Cotton aphids

Cotton aphids mainly harm cotton seedlings, aphids suck the juice of seedling leaves, causing seedling leaves to shrink, resulting in normal growth and development, affecting flowering and boll stage, resulting in late maturity and yield reduction.

Control method: use insecticides that are less harmful to plants.

4. Cotton bollworm

Cotton bollworm mainly harms the bud and boll stage of cotton, and the cotton bollworm eats the buds, boll and young stems of cotton, resulting in flowering failure, bud leaf shedding, rotten boll and other phenomena, which ultimately affect the quality and yield of cotton.

Potassium deficiency in cotton is first manifested in yellowish-white patches on the leaves, and then the leaves gradually turn pale green, with yellow spots appearing between the veins, and the central part of these spots dies first. At the same time, there are a lot of brown stains at the tip and edge of the leaf, after festering and hanging downward, and finally the whole leaf becomes brown, and finally withers and falls early, the lateral roots of potassium-deficient cotton plants are also significantly shorter, the number of roots is also less, the stem and dwarf are weak, the boll shedding is aggravated, the boll is less and less, and it is difficult to mature and spit flocculent, the fiber quality is reduced, and the cotton plant with serious potassium deficiency is due to too much defoliation and premature, resulting in premature death of the plant, that is, the so-called red leaf stem withering, even if a part of the big peach is born, a large amount of the big boll will fall off in the later stage, resulting in a serious reduction in yield.

Be sure to choose high-quality varieties, be sure to choose the right planting time, timely topdressing and watering, regular insecticide, weeding, use professional herbicides or insecticides, pay attention to the temperature in the planting process, the temperature should be controlled at about 23 degrees, do a good job of prevention, timely supplement of phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, timely drying and sowing.

After planting cotton, it should be watered more and fertilized, pesticides should be applied regularly, sunlight should be increased and frequent ventilation should be increased, so as to increase yield and resist disease.

Regularly spray pesticides on cotton to suppress insect pests, and also regularly fertilize cotton seedlings to add nutrition and insect pests, and maintain full sunlight.

Carry out deep ploughing in autumn, turn the branches and leaves of the cotton field with bacteria into the land, apply foot fertilizer before ploughing, do a good job in the management of the cotton field with low terrain, and level the ground before sowing and then sow seeds. The growth period of cotton almost spans the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. So there are a lot of pests and diseases.

In the past, when our land was designated as a cotton area, the higher-level leaders also specially convened the peasants to learn the technology of planting cotton, and the technicians of the agricultural technology extension station often predicted the detection and reporting of diseases and pests, and popularized the technology of disease prevention and control.

The prevention and control of cotton diseases and insect pests should be based on the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", combine agricultural, physical, biological and chemical prevention and control, start from the source, prevent and control from the root, and do not rely solely on chemical control. Main prevention and control measures 1, timely ditch drainage, ridge and soil cultivation, seize the sunny day to spray cotton trace element foliar fertilizer (cotton strong king, etc.), and the seedlings should be chemically controlled in time. 2. Strengthen the maintenance of light trap moth facilities in cotton fields to ensure the effect of light trapping.

Verticillium wilt: Verticillium wilt generally begins to occur in the 4 6 true leaf stage, light yellow patches appear between the leaf margins and leaf veins on the lower leaves of the plant, and then gradually expand, the leaf color loses green and becomes light, the main vein and its surroundings are still kept green, the diseased leaves appear palm-shaped mottled, the control of cotton red spider, cotton bollworm and red bollworm is also effective, every 667 square meters with 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 50 100 ml, with water spray, but must have a good effect in the early stage of pests.

Underground pests. Mainly grubs, mole crickets, needleworms and other underground pests are used to harm seeds and seedlings, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken strips, affecting the emergence of seedlings. Prevention and control methods:

Generally, 100 grams of carbofuran (brewed with boiling water first) are used for every 50 kg of seeds to control underground pests. Seed dressing or coating. Seed coating can be carried out with 50% carbendazim wettable powder according to seed quality or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder according to seed quality.

Or mix 100 kg of cotton seeds with 20 grams of pure medicine of methacryl.

1. Reasonable layout, healthy cultivation, 2. Shovel and pupa removal, and 3. Eradicate weeds.

Fourth, deep ploughing of cotton fields is an important measure to increase cotton yield, and it is also an effective method to eliminate overwintering cotton bollworm. 5. Winter irrigation of cotton fields.

Chemical control, if there are pests and diseases found when planting cotton, you can choose to spray, and the effect is remarkable; Biological control, which can use the natural enemies of pests to control insects, the effect is also very good; There is also the use of lights, ultrasound and other physical control of pests, and the effect is also very good.

It is because there is a problem with the growth of the plant, and it is related to the related equipment, some fertilizers, some pesticides, the use of pesticides, and some pests.

The equipment is not cleaned in place, the yield is reduced due to herbicide residues, and the spraying concentration is too high, resulting in serious pesticide damage and reduced yield.

Do not understand the dosage form and dosage of pesticides, misuse pesticides, use too large or too low concentrations, and the tolerance of crops is not good.

As we all know, the popularization and application of genetically modified insect-resistant cotton has effectively controlled the damage of cotton bollworm to cotton and promoted the recovery and development of cotton production. With the growth and development of the plant body, the BT gene is efficiently expressed in various tissues and organs, and the BT protein with efficient poisoning effect on lepidopteran pests is synthesized to make cotton.

The death of bollworm poisoning or serious stunting of growth and development after feeding, effectively controlled the occurrence of cotton bollworm. However, at present, there is still an aggravation of cotton bollworm in production, what is the reason for it? We should know and understand its insect resistance characteristics and occurrence characteristics, and we will find the answer and take effective measures to deal with the symptoms**.

First, we must correctly understand the insect resistance of genetically modified insect-resistant cotton. Insect-resistant cotton is not equal to insect-free cotton, on the one hand, because the insect-resistant cotton itself only resists and kills lepidopteran pests dominated by cotton bollworm, and has no anti-killing effect on other pests; On the other hand, after planting insect-resistant cotton, new characteristics and laws emerged in the occurrence of natural enemies and insect pests in cotton fields.

Second, we must understand the insect-resistant characteristics of insect-resistant cotton. (1) The insect resistance of cotton at different development stages was different: in the case of Shandong cotton area, the resistance of transgenic BT insect-resistant cotton to cotton bollworm was strong in the early growth stage and weak in the middle and late stages.

Specifically, during the occurrence of the second generation of cotton bollworm (June), the overall insect resistance of insect-resistant cotton was the strongest. During the occurrence of the third generation (July) and the fourth generation (August), the overall insect resistance of insect-resistant cotton weakened. (2) Insect resistance singleness: At present, the insect-resistant cotton that is popularized and applied, the BT protein synthesized by BT gene control mainly has a high-efficiency poisoning effect on lepidopteran pests, and the pests are poisoned and die due to the destruction of the gastrointestinal system after feeding.

In the cotton area of northern China, it is mainly highly resistant to cotton bollworm, which is harmful to cotton aphid, cotton leaf mite, cotton blind bug, cotton thrips, and whitefly.

None of them are resistant. For a wide variety of pests, the insect resistance spectrum of transgenic BT insect-resistant cotton is narrow. (3) The insect resistance decreases with the increase of larval instar

According to the experiment of feeding insect-resistant cotton leaves with different instar larvae, the insecticidal ability of BT gene insect-resistant cotton was higher for small larvae before 3rd instar, while the insecticidal resistance of insect-resistant cotton larvae after 3rd instar was significantly reduced. (4) Environmental factors affect the insect resistance of cotton plants: some experimental results show that if the cotton field transgenic BT gene is severely waterlogged or the soil is short of water and drought at the flowering and boll stage, the expression of BT protein in various organs of cotton plants can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the insect resistance of cotton plants.

At present, the most commonly used exogenous gene in transgenic insect-resistant cotton is the BT gene. The BT gene insect-resistant cotton has a good control effect on lepidopteran pests such as cotton bollworm and red bollworm, but has no control effect on pests such as blind tsubaki, cotton aphid and red spider.