Understanding of the local management system in ancient China

In fact, there are three main strengths, the administration and the army, as well as the squire.

During the Warring States Period, the scale of the city became larger and larger, and the combination with the city became more and more close. After Qin unified the Six Kingdoms, the county system was promoted, and most of the cities became county seats.

Due to the expansion of the territory of the Qin Dynasty, the number of cities increased compared to before. After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, the social order tended to be stable, which laid a good foundation for the development of the city.

With the formation of cities, urban management came into being. Effective urban management is not only the embodiment of the best function, but also a means to promote social progress and promote economic development. Tracing the ancient Chinese urban management system and clarifying its development context may have a certain reference role for today's urban construction and management.

From the fang system to the fang market system.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, there were already cities in the city, and there were large markets, small markets, morning markets, evening markets, regular markets and irregular markets. At that time, the city had been set up to manage and formulate a relevant management system. These ** have their own officials, and their duty is to supervise the entry and exit of merchants, goods, etc. Rectify the arrangement of stalls and stores; Determining prices, restricting the sale of contraband, etc.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the scale of the city became larger and larger, and the combination with the city became more and more close. The city already had fixed settlements, large temple buildings, defensive facilities, handicraft workshops and bazaars, etc., and the management system was roughly similar to that of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

After Qin unified the Six Kingdoms, the county system was promoted, and most of the cities became county seats. Due to the expansion of the territory of the Qin Dynasty, the number of cities increased compared to before. After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, the social order tended to be stable, which laid a good foundation for the development of the city.

A child who has just finished the history exam can't afford to be hurt...

The beginning of the week is a sub-seal system.

Hui, there is also a patriarchal answer system that is in the table with the sub-sealing system.

In the Qin period, the county system proposed by Li Si was used instead.

After Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty "Rebellion of the Seven Kings", Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty implemented the "Tui En Order" to make the vassal states smaller and smaller and consolidate the ** regime.

In the Tang Dynasty, the feudal towns were divided, and the assassin was appointed, which led to the "Anshi Rebellion" in the later period.

In the Song Dynasty, civil officials were appointed as governors, general judges were in charge of supervision and military affairs, transit envoys were in charge of finance, and most of the local taxes were handed over to the central government, leaving only a small part for local use.

Yuan pioneered the provincial system, which was the beginning of China's provincial system, which was divided into prefectures and provinces.

The province was cancelled and three divisions were established.

The history books of the Ming and Qing dynasties don't talk much about it...

ZHOU: Divide the system.

Qin Dynasty: The county system is from.

Han Dynasty: Han inherited the Qin system, and the county state was parallel (there was both a county system and a sub-feudal system) Later, the power of the state was greatly strengthened.

。The county system has been gradually improved.

Sui Dynasty: After the completion of unification, the local administrative system was redefined as a two-level system of counties or counties (prefectures and counties) Tang Dynasty: basically followed the local administrative system of the Sui Dynasty.

Song Dynasty: The local administrative system basically followed the Tang Dynasty system, and a two-level system of prefectures and counties was established at the local level

Ming Dynasty: Similar to the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty inherited the model of the Yuan Dynasty in the early stage, with the political envoy to lead the civil affairs and finance of a province, and set up an administrative agency above the state, and then gradually and temporarily set up a governor to manage the civil affairs and military affairs of a province.

Qing Dynasty: Follow the development of the Yuan Dynasty system, and divide the country into 18 provinces.

Since the establishment of the first centralized feudal state (Qin), the county system (from Qin to Yuan) was first followed by the provincial system (which has been used to this day). These are the main ones, I also got them in history books, and I may not have a comprehensive understanding, please forgive me!

The Qin Dynasty had a county system, and the Zhou Dynasty had a feudal system.

The Yuan Dynasty was a provincial system.

It's hard to say which dynasty it is.

Qin, county system.

Yuan, provincial system.

I think one is a new dynasty, maybe they want to establish their own orthodoxy, so they want to change the things of the old dynasty, and the other is to make some changes according to the situation at the time, such as military aspects, or economic factors, and will set up some new administrative systems, so that it will definitely be more conducive to management.

The system that evolved in the ancient West is still relatively okay, and the West speaks of politics. There are quite a lot of discursors and politics in the West.

Xia, Shang, and Western Zhou: sub-feudal system.

Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period: The feudal system and the county system coexisted.

Qin Dynasty: county system.

Western Han Dynasty and Eastern Han Dynasty: Parallel system of counties and states - county system (after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pushed the Grace Order) - state and county system.

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: Prefecture and County System, Qiaozhou County System (Eastern Jin Dynasty, Southern Dynasties) Sui: Prefecture and County System - County and County System.

Tang: Daozhou County (Daofu County) system, Metropolitan Governor's Office (Metropolitan Protector) system.

Song: Lufu County (Luzhou County) system.

Contemporaneous: Liao: Daofu County System (Touxia Junzhou System, Huluduo System) Jin: Daofu County System - Lufu County System (Meng'an Mou Restraint).

Yuan, provincial system.

Ming: Provincial system (three divisions).

Qing: Provincial system (mainland).

Generalization (Frontier).

1. Characteristics of the evolution of the political system in ancient China.

1 The division of labor and cooperation among various departments and mutual restraint are a basic feature of the ancient Chinese political system.

2 The contradiction between imperial power and relative power is a problem that must be faced by the political system of ancient China. The strengthening of imperial power and the weakening of relative power is a basic trend.

3 There is a relationship of inheritance and development between the political systems of the past dynasties, such as Qin and Han, Sui and Tang, etc.

2. Characteristics of the evolution of local management systems in ancient China.

1 Decentralization and centralization are the basic contradictions of the local administrative system in ancient China.

2 Whether measures can be taken to effectively control the local government has become the key point of whether the centralized state is consolidated.

3 Many local administrative systems have undergone a long process of evolution, such as the feudal system, the system of assassination, and the "reform of the land and return to the stream".