When growing vegetables in greenhouses, how can you manage them to increase yields?

In the north, the temperature is relatively low in winter, and growing vegetables in greenhouses has become the main market place. However, the greenhouse planting environment is relatively special, and the lack of sealed space and natural wind makes it easy for vegetables to reduce their yield due to the threat of diseases. Growers often ignore warehouse ventilation or ventilation times to ensure that the temperature inside the warehouse is undesirable.

The vegetable greenhouse is a confined space, the natural air flow is insufficient, in addition to the oxygen and carbon dioxide required by the vegetables, the greenhouse will also accumulate a lot of gases that are not needed for production or harmful to the vegetables. Ammonia, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, etc.

These gases are unnecessary for vegetable growth. Vegetables are sensitive to different levels of growth and can cause different degrees of damage. It will bring serious consequences such as growth stagnation, leaf spot, and death to vegetables.

These gases are accumulated in the medium and long term or improper operation of the plantation management. The simplest and most straightforward way is to ventilate as much as possible, exhaust harmful gases, and replenish fresh oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. When using organic fertilizers in the field, it is necessary to be fully mature, to burn the seeds, to burn the roots, to burn the seedlings, to avoid the release of ammonia.

When topdressing fast-acting fertilizers, ditches should be used as much as possible to reduce gas volatilization. Once the vegetables are damaged, take timely measures to spray growth regulators to alleviate them.

Especially in winter greenhouses, vegetables are most susceptible to diseases caused by high temperatures and humidity, which is related to the fact that growers do not pay enough attention to warehouse ventilation. Common plagues, fungi, and even earth-borne diseases. Illness can occur as humidity increases and accumulates in the warehouse.

In addition, various diseases will appear, increasing the workload and production costs. There are many diseases of vegetables in plastic greenhouses, and many vegetable farmers are generally carrying out pesticide prevention and control, and the dosage is also very particular, the effect is small, and it is easy to reduce production due to weakness when using too much. In fact, the soda we eat in our daily life is a very good vegetable disease prevention product, which is not only easy to use, but also has a very important effect on the prevention of vegetable downy mildew, powdery mildew, anthracnose, etc., and can be reduced by more than 90% if the disease is used well.

The main raw material for photosynthesis of vegetable seedlings is carbon dioxide, and soda spraying on vegetable leaves produces water and carbon dioxide when decomposing, which can greatly improve the photosynthesis of leaves and synthesize more nutrients for plant growth. Vegetable plants are healthier, seedling leaves grow more vigorously, and fruits develop healthier. Vegetables are a large type of crops with large nutrient consumption, if the nutrients can not keep up or the nutrients are unreasonable, the phenomenon of xanthate will occur in vegetables, there is no growth trend, excessive use or excessive use of nutrients will bring various disease problems to vegetables, affect the quality, affect the yield.

So, how can you effectively increase the growth momentum of crops?

1. Use temperature and humidity reduction and high temperature drainage and irrigation to control the occurrence of diseases: after the temperature exceeds 30 degrees at noon, open the vent to quickly discharge the moisture in the shed, and amplify the wind and humidity in the afternoon to dry the night overnight, which is not conducive to the reproduction of germs, which is an effective measure to control the occurrence of diseases. 2. Use grafted seedlings to enhance disease resistance

The grafting cultivation of cucumber and eggplant can improve disease resistance, especially for the orange wilt of cucumber and the verticillium wilt of eggplant, which has an ideal control effect. 3. Cultivation of high ridges and large row spacing: cucumbers can be cultivated with ridge height and row spacing of 1 meter in a single row.

For nightshade fruits, the row spacing of the ridge height and double rows of one meter can be used to reduce the humidity of the ridge top, increase the ground temperature, increase the ventilation and light transmittance, reduce the wounds caused by human management, reduce the invasion of pathogens, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

The disinfection of garden soil with chemical agents can kill the germs that rely on the soil to spread diseases, reduce the incidence rate, take double-layer insulation measures, and use polyvinyl chloride non-drip film. Correct selection and use of exogenous plant hormones, spraying rare earth liquid.

Temperature management. In the winter greenhouse vegetable planting management, temperature control is the key, not only to do a good job in the shed to increase temperature and keep warm, but also to prevent crops from growing due to excessive temperature and humidity.

1. Bottom fertilizer. Before planting vegetables, it is necessary to apply base fertilizer, and an adequate amount of base fertilizer can make the crop grow better.

The effect of well-rotted organic fertilizer is still OK, especially the well-rotted sheep manure, which does not hurt the roots and does not burn the roots, supplements organic matter, and maintains the soil very well.

2. Fertilizer and water management.

In spring, vegetable crops grow vigorously, the demand for fertilizer and water is large, watering should be timely to meet the needs of growth, foliar spraying of organic acid boron-calcium foliar fertilizer, boron-calcium is sufficient, promote flower bud differentiation, protect flowers and fruits, improve the toughness of the peel, and effectively prevent fruit cracking in the later stage.

3. Prevent poisoning.

When the temperature rises, when the vegetables are dotted or dipped in melons, the concentration of anthers should be reduced, if the concentration is too high, the growth will be stunted, and it is easy to appear deformed fruits.

4. Pay attention to pest control.

From these points of management, the fertilizer and water are sufficient, and the vegetables have more fruits and good quality!

In the process of greenhouse vegetable planting, it is necessary to pay attention to the management of pre-seedling and seedling stage to create a good growth environment for vegetables. Growers should also make full use of modern technology to control temperature, moisture and light to meet the needs of healthy growth of vegetables, so as to achieve the goal of high quality and high yield of vegetables.

First, there is a plan for the construction of greenhouses.

The construction of greenhouses should be planned and designed. For example, the greenhouse should be waterproof to prevent rainwater from accumulating and causing the entire hut to collapse. The frame of the greenhouse should be strong enough to ensure the stability of the entire structure and prolong the service life of the greenhouse.

Pay attention to the regular painting of anti-rust paint on the steel frame and the regular inspection of the welded parts. The new greenhouse site must be protected from rain before the rainy season arrives. It is usually covered with polyethylene plastic film.

When buckling the shed, the debris in the shed should be cleaned up in advance. If the greenhouse is not strong enough, it should be strengthened in time.

2. Scientifically carry out greenhouse disinfection and fertilization.

Before the greenhouse is officially used, it is necessary to do a good job of disinfection and use a variety of drugs to completely kill the bacteria in the greenhouse. In addition, organic fertilizer should be properly applied to the planting soil to ensure the healthy growth of vegetables, but rotten organic fertilizer should be used, otherwise it is easy to burn roots and insects.

3. Carry out soil management according to local conditions.

The greenhouse soil environment is the most basic condition for vegetable cultivation. Planters should scientifically manage the soil before planting to provide a good growth environment for vegetables. In the process of soil improvement, straw returning can improve soil microbial activity and soil fertility.

Appropriate crop rotation, intercropping, mixed sowing, interplanting of different vegetables combined with tillage can change the soil nutrient status.

Fourth, according to the planting requirements for the selection of vegetable varieties.

There are many types of vegetables. When choosing vegetables, we should follow the following principles: First, avoid blindly selecting seeds.

Generally, it is necessary to choose varieties with large market demand, drought and disease resistance to ensure that growers obtain good economic benefits. The second is to purchase seeds from formal channels to ensure the high germination rate of seeds and improve vegetable yield.

This problem can not help me, I am a vegetable greenhouse, first of all, the hands and legs are fast, the greenhouse cover should be removed at sunrise, and the sunset should be pulled up, and secondly, the prevention and control of insect pests and diseases should be done according to the characteristics of vegetable categories, and then it is soil and water moisture protection.

Bottom fertilizer. Before planting crops, generally speaking, it is necessary to apply base fertilizer, which is very important, relatively speaking, the fertilizer effect time of base fertilizer is relatively long, and sufficient base fertilizer can make crops grow better.

Greenhouse vegetable cultivation is becoming more and more popular, and it is recommended that you maintain the internal temperature and humidity when planting and management.

It is necessary to control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, remove seedlings regularly, and apply pesticides regularly.

Although greenhouse planting vegetables can manage the temperature well, the speed of stubble change is relatively fast, and the management of different crops in different seasons is different, and it needs to be treated differently.

Pay attention to the replenishment of sunlight and water, and clean up the vegetable insects regularly to ensure the vigorous growth of vegetables.

It is necessary to pay attention to the planting time, the land where it is planted, the surrounding environment, the planting method and weather, and the variety of seeds, so that the vegetables can grow well.

Greenhouse vegetable planting needs to pay attention to the cold and warm weather, when the weather is hot, if the vegetables are not hot, pay attention to the ventilation weather, cold to keep the vegetables warm and watered.

It mainly belongs to the usual management of the air to be used as much as possible, and the organic fertilizer does not use pesticides, so as to make the food safer.

When planting, we must choose the soil is relatively fertile and broad, and we must use farmhouse fertilizer when fertilizing, do not use the fertilizer bought outside, and often water the plants, but also to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, if there is a situation of small insects, then we must spray insecticides in time.

Fertilizer and water management. Half a month before planting, the furrow was furrowed and applied basal fertilizer, 1500 kg of column fertilizer, 1000 kg of human manure and 45 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. After planting live trees, apply 1000 kg of human manure per mu, and then top dressing once after 15 days.

Cucumber grows fast, fertilizer water should be timely, fertilization method adopts the principle of "thin fertilizer diligent application", "small amount of meals", and generally top dressing once every two harvests. Keep the soil moist throughout the growing season. After entering the melon blooming period, according to the soil moisture content, watering and irrigation every 1-2 weeks. 

Ensure the temperature in the shed, sufficient moisture and, most importantly, prevent insect infestations.

It is necessary to pay attention to the construction of greenhouses, as well as the safety of the facilities in the greenhouses, to ensure that the plants inside the greenhouses can grow at a suitable temperature.

It is important to keep an eye on changes in temperature, as well as various insect pests, and it is important to know the fertility of the soil, in addition to knowing the current supply and demand situation in the market.

It is necessary to pay attention to the ways and means of vegetable planting, and also manage according to different varieties.

Attention should be paid to preventing the hazards of high temperature in the shed. After the autumn cooling, the weather becomes colder and the rainy weather increases, and many vegetable farmers may often close all the vents of the greenhouse for management, which can easily cause the temperature in the greenhouse to continue to rise. In the case of insufficient sunlight on continuous cloudy days in autumn, the ability of vegetable leaves to synthesize organic nutrients through photosynthesis will be greatly weakened, and at the same time, due to the relatively high temperature in the shed, the overall respiration of vegetables will be enhanced, resulting in the problem that the synthesis and manufacturing of nutrients in the greenhouse continue to decrease and the consumption of nutrients will increase significantly.

1. The types of base fertilizer should be complete.

2. Manure must be rottenAlthough it has been emphasized that no matter what kind of manure it is, it must be fermented well, and it must be turned underground, but there are always people in actual production who have a fluke mentality, and the use of unrotted manure will eventually lead to a series of problems such as burning roots, so if you want to grow good vegetables, you must first learn how to ferment manure.

3. Do not use excessive compound fertilizers.

Pay attention to temperature, humidity, and prevent wind conjunctiva.

Strengthen fertilizer and water management, and pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases.

The following points need to be considered in the management of greenhouse vegetables after planting:

1. After the vegetables are planted, the temperature is controlled by closed greenhouse mulch. Generally, the daytime temperature is controlled at 25 32 and at night at 20 25. When the sunlight is strong and the temperature in the shed exceeds 30, a shade net can be used to cool down and promote the slow seedling.

After the seedlings are slowed down, they should be cooled properly. Generally, the temperature is controlled at 20 25 during the day and 15 20 at night. The suitable temperature for the growth of melon and eggplant vegetables is 20 30.

If the temperature exceeds 35, growth and development will be stunted. Therefore, when the temperature of eggplant, fruits and vegetables is greater than 30, and the temperature of melons and vegetables is greater than 32, ventilation should be carried out from small to large. When the temperature stabilizes at 17 at night, the skirt film can be removed and the top film can be retained in case of rain.

Temperature and humidity can be controlled by the size of the ventilation and the morning and evening of the film covering. In cloudy and rainy weather, the inner membrane of the greenhouse should also be removed to allow the vegetables to see the scattered light to prevent the weakening of plant photosynthesis and malnutrition.

2. When the vine vegetable plant height is about 30cm, the vine should be led to the shelf in time to hang; For eggplant and pepper, remove the side branches below the eggplant (piperine); Tomato pruning varies according to the planting density. Dense planting is generally pruned with single stem, and thinning is generally pruned with double stems; Cucumbers and pumpkins are mostly single-vine pruning. Remove the old leaves, diseased leaves, diseased branches and diseased fruits of vegetables in a timely manner, and carry out centralized external treatment.

3. The application of hormones in eggplant and fruits and vegetables can easily cause flower and fruit drop when the temperature is too high or too low. Plant hormones can be used to protect flowers and fruits. Eggplants and tomatoes can be soaked or garnished with tomato wine, or garnished or dipped with anti-fall elements; Pumpkins, zucchini, and cucumbers can be soaked with a strong fruit-setting spirit and can be artificially pollinated when pollen is present.

The above hormones should be labeled with pigments to avoid repeated use leading to abnormal fruits. The concentration of the hormone should be adjusted according to the change in temperature. The concentration is higher when the temperature is low and lower when the temperature is high.

4. Fertilizer and water management is mainly the result of early control of melons, fruits and vegetables, eggplants and melons and fruits. After the results are out, top dressing is carried out according to the growth of the plant. Top dressing is generally carried out 2 to 3 times.

Top dressing can be cavitous, furrow or foliar spray. Fertilizers can be compound fertilizers, well-decomposed human and animal manure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and nutrients. In the early stage of fruiting, apply 45 60kg per mu, strips or holes, with a depth of about 5cm, and maintain a certain humidity.

Watering should be carried out according to the temperature and the dryness of the soil in combination with top dressing. When the temperature is high and the soil is dry, it should be watered or run water in time.

The above is the management method after greenhouse vegetable planting, I hope it will help you.