What is pill powder and ointment pill in traditional Chinese medicine?

Pill - is "pill medicine". It is a round pill made by grinding the drug into a fine powder and adding a suitable binder. Its volume is large and small, and the big one is as big as a marble, such as the ** rheumatic pain relaxation and activation pills; The small ones are similar to mung beans, such as Baohe pills that eliminate food accumulation; There are also those as small as sesame seeds, such as the Liushen Pill with a swollen and sore throat.

Pills are generally taken internally. Some chronic diseases require long-term medicine**, take decoction, and decoction every day, which is inconvenient; Take pills, as long as you take them with boiling water, you can do it; or some drugs are toxic and should not be decocted in decoction; There are also some acute illnesses that need to be rescued by taking medication in time. According to these special circumstances, various pills are made, which are easy to take and carry, and the effect is long-lasting.

Commonly used pills are honey pills, water pills, paste pills, concentrated pills, etc.

Powder - "Powder" is to grind the drug, mix it evenly, and make a powdered preparation. It is available for both internal and external use. In terms of internal administration, it has the advantages of easy to take, fast absorption, good efficacy, and can save valuable medicinal materials, especially for aromatic drugs such as musk and borneol, which should not be used as decoctions, it is more suitable.

There are fine powders and coarse powders, and the fine powder can be taken directly, such as Qili San; Coarse powder can be boiled with water to take the juice, such as Yinqiaosan.

In terms of external use, it is mostly used for sores and carbuncles, eczema or water and fire burns. It can be mixed with the sores surface, or spread or adjusted, used to dissipate sores or pull out toxins and muscles, such as Jinhuangsan, Shengjisan, etc., the medicine can directly contact the affected part, strengthen absorption, and improve the efficacy.

Paste - "paste" is made by decoctioning the medicine with water or vegetable oil to remove the residue, and there are also two kinds of internal and external use. There are three types of internal ointments: flow extract, extract and decoction. Its advantage is that it is easy to store and take, and it is generally made of tonic drugs, so it is mostly suitable for patients who are weak or have chronic diseases that require long-term treatment.

External plasters can be divided into two types: ointment and hard ointment. After the drug is boiled and the slag is removed, an appropriate amount of fat or petroleum jelly is added to make an ointment, which is applied externally for sores, ulcers, swelling and pain, dampness and itching. Hard ointment is to decoction the drug with vegetable oil, filter to remove the slag, and then add white vinegar or lead pill to become a viscous gum, and then spread it on paper or cloth, which can be slightly heated when used, and applied to the affected area, such as the blood-invigorating wind cold ointment used for rheumatic pain and bruises and sprains.

Dan - When it comes to "Dan", there is no longer a "Dan" medicine with an actual form, some are "pills" and some are "scattered". In the earliest days, it was made by heating and refining minerals, which was a new compound, which was called "alchemy" in ancient times, and was used more in surgery, and had the effect of removing decay and pulling out poison. There are also medicines with better curative effect called "Dan", such as "Ren Dan" and "Yushu Dan", etc., which may be named after this custom.

In addition to the soup, pill, powder, ointment, and pill mentioned above, there are many kinds of dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine, such as "medicinal wine" (such as eucommia ulmoides tiger bone wine) that uses wine to soak the medicine; "dew" distilled from fresh drugs containing volatile components (e.g. honeysuckle dew); There are also dry granular preparations made of medicinal extracts plus excipients or some pharmaceutical fine powders - granules (such as cold and antipyretic powders). <>

Traditional Chinese medicine to treat diseases, generally using the decoction method, after soaking the decoction pieces of medicinal materials in water, ** boiled for a period of time, take the Chinese medicine decoction to take. However, the disadvantages of decoction are also obvious. First of all, boiling medicine is time-consuming and laborious, difficult to carry, and it is easy to waste medicinal materials.

That's when the finished drug appeared. These finished drugs not only solve the above problems, but can also be used for external application in some cases, and their forms are mainly divided into four dosage forms: "pill, powder, ointment, and pill".

Pills, one of the traditional dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine. It is a spherical finished medicine made by grinding Chinese herbs into powder and adding corresponding binders. The pills are made in different sizes depending on their efficacy needs.

As early as in the "Fifty-two Prescriptions", the name, prescription, specification, dosage, and method of taking the pill have been described. After the end of the Han Dynasty, the improvement of honey refining and milling technology made the preparation process of pills more and more perfect, and it is still used today. Pills are generally used for internal use, and some patients need to take medicine for a long time, and it is inconvenient to boil medicine every day, while pills only need to be taken with boiling water, which is very convenient.

There are also some traditional Chinese medicines, which have a certain toxicity and are not suitable for casserole frying. Because the pills are more convenient to take and carry, many times you can also carry them with you for first aid, such as bear bile heart pills. Commonly used pill categories are water, honey pills, concentrated pills, and so on.

Explanation of the four dosage forms of Chinese medicine: "pill" refers to a round-grained pill; "San" refers to the medicinal powder at the end of the research; "Cream" refers to the external application of plasters, and also refers to the internal consumption of decoction into viscous medicine; "Dan" originally referred to the finished medicine refined from Jinshi medicine, and in modern times, some refined pills, powder, and Xuzu tablets are also called Dan.

Word decomposition Explanation of pills refers to the genus of pills and powders of traditional Chinese medicine. Jin Gehong's "Hug Puzi Jiyan": "I don't know what I have done, and it is useless to go against the clouds; Therefore, the donation pills were scattered and vomited.

Jin Dong Xie Yuan's "West Chamber" Volume 5: "During this period, there are not many pills, and it is written that the holy favor prescription of the acacia is written. Interpretation of Dan Dan ā red:

Dansha (cinnabar). Cinnamon (ornamental plant with orange-red flowers). Dan heart blue blood (sincere loyalty, precious blood).

Painting. Granular or powdered traditional Chinese medicine made according to the formula: Poor Leak Pill Powder Paste Dan.

Surname. Radical : 丿.

1) Decoction: It is the most commonly used dosage form. Add a sticker of traditional Chinese medicine to decoction with water to extract the juice, repeat 2 3 times, and mix the filtrate obtained from each time evenly, and take it 2 3 times.

It is characterized by convenient and flexible addition and subtraction of prescriptions, easy absorption and quick effect when taken orally. However, the decoction has shortcomings such as the difficulty of decoction and the difficulty of preservation.

2) Pill: It is a spherical dosage form made of fine powder of medicinal materials plus binders or extracts and excipients of medicinal materials. According to the different types of adhesives, there are five types: water pills, honey pills, paste pills, wax pills, and concentrated pills.

Water pills** are inexpensive, but they often harden after being placed, and it is difficult to exert their medicinal effects in time in the body. Honey pills are mostly used for patients with chronic diseases or frailty, but they are prone to worms and mildew after long-term storage. Wax pills should be heated to melt and then taken warm.

Concentrated pills are small in size and large in content, which is easy to take, but because the degree of disintegration sometimes does not meet the requirements, the efficacy is affected.

3) Powder: It is a dry powder unformed dosage form made by crushing one or more drugs evenly and mixing, which is one of the oldest dosage forms. It can be used both internally and externally, such as tin, which can be used internally to treat colon ulcers, and external throat blowing can treat oral mucosal ulcers and throat ulcers.

In addition, there is also the seven centimeters that invigorate blood and relieve pain; Wuling San, which is drenched in water; Blowing the nose and sneezing, treating stroke, clearing customs and dispersing closures, etc. The powder is easy to process, easy to use and quickly absorbed, but the disadvantage is that the aromatic components are easy to volatilize and affect the efficacy.

4) Ointment: It is divided into two ointments: internal and external. Oral ointment is a thick semi-liquid dosage form made by decocting the drug with water, removing the slag and extracting the juice, concentrating it and adding condensed honey or sugar.

It is characterized by a thick texture with a sweet taste, a calm medicinal property, easy to take and suck beer, and a quick effect. External ointment, mostly plaster, is extracted from plants and extracted from the drug, refined with red pills, and pasted externally for diseases such as scabies, sores or rheumatism.

Four common forms of TCM preparations:

Pill. A globular preparation mixed with one or more drugs and excipients, mostly used for chronic diseases and the reconciliation of qi and blood. It is divided into honey pills, water pills, paste pills, wax pills, and concentrated pills.

Scatter. One or more drugs are crushed, sifted, and mixed evenly to make powdered preparations, which are divided into two categories: internal and external.

Paste. It is a topical preparation based on edible vegetable oil and lead hard paste made by high temperature refining such as Huangdan, mixed with drugs or extracts of Chinese medicinal materials. It is often used to reduce swelling, pull out poison, build muscle, etc., and is divided into black plaster, white plaster, rosin plaster, etc.

Cinnabar. Inorganic compounds of different crystal shapes made from mercury and certain mineral drugs at high temperatures. Surgery is often used for anti-inflammatory and detoxification, swelling and muscle growth. There are many types.

Traditional Chinese medicine has different dosage forms such as pills, decoctions, powders, ointments, and pills, which are related to their onset time and pharmacological effects. The pronunciation of "pill" is very similar to "slow" in dialects, so the effect of most pills is relatively slow, but it can remain in the body for a long time. The pronunciation of "soup" is quite similar to "dang (cleansing)", so compared to pills, the medicinal effect of soup comes quickly.

"Scatter" contains the meaning of dispersion in the dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine, so it is often used to treat chronic diseases. "Ointment" is a traditional Chinese medicine dosage form that contains the meaning of ointment, which is used for internal administration and has the function of nourishing and strengthening the body. In ancient times, Zhu Dan referred to minerals, and the traditional Chinese medicine refined from minerals was often called "Dan".