What is the bitter bard school, and the representative poets of the bitter bard school are

For example, Jia Island, there is a very typical case:

One day, Jia Dao went to the outskirts of Chang'an to visit a friend named Li Ning. He searched along the mountain road for a long time before he touched Li Ning's home. At this time, in the dead of night and the moonlight, his knock on the door woke the bird in the tree.

Unfortunately, Li Ning was not at home that day, so Jia Dao left a poem:

Title: Li Ning's Secluded Residence

Idle and few neighbors, grass paths into the deserted garden.

The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk pushes the moon down the door.

Crossing the bridge is divided into wild colors, moving stones and moving cloud roots.

Coming here for the time being, the tryst is worth it.

The next day, Jia Island rode back to Chang'an on a donkey. Halfway through, he remembered the little poem he had improvised last night, and felt that the word "push" in "Birds stay in the trees by the pool, and the monk pushes the moon down the door" was not used properly, and perhaps it would be more appropriate to use the word "knock" instead. Jia Dao rode a donkey, groaning, knocking on the door, pushing the door, and unknowingly entered Chang'an City.

The people on the street were very amused when they saw him like this. At this time, Han Yu, who was working as an official in the capital, came forward surrounded by the honor guard. Pedestrians and vehicles all avoided one after another, and Jia Dao rode on a donkey, gesturing, and even broke into the guard of honor.

Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he was trespassing. Jia Dao read the poem he made to Han Yu, but he couldn't decide whether to use "push" or "knock" for one of the sentences. Han Yu listened to it and thought about it with great interest.

After a while, he said to Jia Dao: "I think it's better to use 'knock', in case the door is closed, how can the push be pushed away?" Besides, when you go to someone else's house, it's night, and it's polite to knock on the door!

And a 'knock' word makes the night quieter and a little louder. Isn't it lively when there is movement in stillness? Jia Dao listened and nodded repeatedly.

Not only was he not punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.

Since then, scrutiny has become a popular common word, used as a metaphor for making an article or doing things, repeatedly pondering, and repeatedly considering, in order to get the best.

This incident fully shows that Jia Dao is a poet of the bitter bard, and he himself has poems as evidence: "Two sentences and three years, one chant and two tears".

Pondering and deliberating on words and phrases is the characteristic of the bitter poetry school. Work the words.

Features: Work the words and strive for accuracy.

The representative of the bitter bard school is mainly Meng Jiao (751?), who is famous for his "bitter chanting".——814?), Jia Island.

779 843) and Yao He (775?).~855?)。

Jia Island is famous for its scrutiny, "the bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon."''It's his famous quote. In "Send No Superior Man".

In one poem, there is "the shadow of the lone pool, and the side of the tree."''Two sentences, he is in "After the Inscription Poem".

wrote: "Two sentences for three years, one chant and two tears", indicating that these two poems were created by him with painstaking efforts and repeated scrutiny.

Originally, it refers to the poets in the middle and late Tang Dynasty poetry circles who created with a wandering mood and a thoughtful attitude, and carefully scrutinized and tempered each word. Nowadays, people often refer to poets who are diligent in their creations and devote themselves to their creations as bitter minstrels. The representative figures are Meng Jiao, Jia Dao and Yao He, who are famous for their "bitter chanting".

Gia Island introduced

Jia Dao (779-843), a native of Fan Yang (now Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province), was known as the "bitter bard" because of the story of scrutiny.

Legend has it that Jia Island once wrote a poem: "The monk pushes the moon down the door", and then felt that it was inappropriate, and wanted to change it to "knock". But he found that the two words had their own merits, and he was unpredictable on the horse, and accidentally crashed into the convoy of Han Yu, who was a big official and a poet, which was a big loss of etiquette.

In the end, under Han Yu's order, it was decided to change it to "Monk knocks on the door of the moon". He also has an allusion to "two sentences and three years, one chant and two tears", which refers to the experience of chanting into two sentences: "Walking alone in the bottom of the pool, counting the side of the tree".

He is better at five-character poetry, the artistic conception is more lonely and desolate, Sikong Tu said Jia Island: "Jia Lang only travels to the immortal Cheng has an aphorism, depending on its whole article, the meaning is very discouraged, and it is probably attached to the astringency, so that it can be talented, and it is also unprepared." Su Shi mentioned in "Sacrifice to Liuzi Yuwen":

Yuan is light and vulgar, and the suburbs are thin. The evaluation of him and the poet Meng Jiao of the same era has been judged through the ages.

Jia Dao is a famous poet, and according to legend, he wrote poetry very hard and was known as the bard.