How is MND caused? What are the precursors?

The human nervous system is composed of neurons, among which motor neurons are responsible for motor function. What is the incidence of motor neuron disease in the human population, which progresses gradually, with damage to motor neurons? Motor neuron disease is a rare disease that typically occurs in middle age and is more common in men than women.

A 2018 study showed that 4 in 5 people of all ages worldwide have the condition. The prevalence is higher in developed countries and lower in developed Asia-Pacific regions compared with other developed regions. What are the types of MND?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is also known as "ALS" because of the damage of upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons, which manifests as muscle weakness and gradual development of muscle atrophy, and muscle stiffness as if being frozen. It is the most common form of motor neuron disease, also known as classic motor neuron disease. The age of onset is mostly between 30 and 60 years old, and most people are over 45 years old.

The prognosis is poor, and most people die within 3 to 5 years from respiratory muscle paralysis or lung infection. Progressive amyotrophy results in atrophy of the small muscles in one or both hands due to damage to the lower motor neurons and progresses to both arms. The age of onset is 20 to 50 years old, and the onset is mostly around 30 years old, slightly earlier than amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and more common in men.

The course of the disease is slow, and the course of the disease can be more than 10 years or longer. In the late stage, it develops to generalized muscle atrophy and weakness, and is unable to take care of itself, and finally often dies due to respiratory muscle weakness and lung infection. Progressive bulbar palsy is caused by damage to motor neurons in the medulla, resulting in symptoms such as slurred speech, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing.

The age of onset is relatively late, usually after the age of 40 or 50. The main manifestation is progressive bulbar muscle palsy. Some patients have a rapid progression of the disease, and most of them die within 1 to 2 years due to respiratory muscle paralysis or lung infection.

There are many different types of MND and their manifestations vary.

Clause. 1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is manifested as insidious onset, progressive course, onset after the age of 40, men are a little more than women, and the average survival time is three to five years. Inflexibility of small motor movements of the hand, weakening of strength, atrophy of the hand muscles and gradual involvement of the proximal upper extremities, decreased or absent tendon reflexes of the upper extremities, spasmodic paralysis of the lower extremities, occasional subjective sensory abnormalities, and no objective sensory impairment and sphincter involvement.

Clause. 2. Progressive bulbar palsy, which begins after middle age, generally has a poor prognosis, and most of them die one to three years after the onset of the disease. There are unclear arthria, choking on drinking water, dysphagia, atrophy of tongue muscles, loss of gag reflex, and coexistence of true and false bulbar paralysis.

Clause. 3. Progressive muscular atrophy, which occurs in men around the age of 30, mostly starts from the hands, and then the paralysis sensation and sphincter ability are normal, and gradually affects the entire upper limbs.

Clause. 4. Primary lateral sclerosis.

The condition of MND is not well understood, but it is generally believed that it is caused by the exposure of genetically susceptible individuals to adverse environments with age, that is, a combination of genetic and environmental factors lead to the occurrence of MND. In addition to motor dysfunction, this disease also affects breathing, vision, cognition, language and other disorders, affecting life expectancy.

MND may be caused by genetic factors, or by defects in the immune system, by neurotrophic factor disorders, or by excitotoxicity.

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Key Tips: Motor Neuron Disease, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a relatively rare disease. After the occurrence of this disease, patients will have progressive skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy, patients have no obvious symptoms in the early stage of the disease, and patients will have weakness in the hands and feet after the aggravation of the disease, and patients with severe disease will have weakness in the limbs and difficulty breathing.

Motor neuron disease, also known as ALS, is a relatively rare condition characterized by chronic and progressive degeneration. After the occurrence of this disease, the patient's limbs will have muscle weakness and hormonal tremors, and the aggravation of the disease will affect the patient's ability to take care of himself. The age of high incidence of this disease is 30 to 60 years old, this disease can not be completely **, after the disease can be taken to improve and enhance the quality of life of patients.

Hello, depending on the body and the case of MND, this disease is caused by abnormal motor neuron metabolism and other factors. Aggravation of the disease can cause loss of muscle function.

1. The first symptoms of motor neuron disease can have a variety of manifestations. Most patients have asymmetrical symptoms of local limb weakness, such as stiff walking, easy falling, inflexible finger movement, and bulbar symptoms such as dysphagia and dysarthria. A small number of patients present with respiratory symptoms as the first symptom.

Patients have significant tremors and lack of strength in one or both hands, which may be accompanied by muscle atrophy.

2. With the change of the course of the disease, almost all patients with the onset of limbs have bulbar symptoms, and the weakness is further aggravated, while the muscle beating becomes less obvious. In contrast, patients with bulbar symptoms as the first symptom eventually develop limb symptoms, with atrophy of the muscles of the upper limbs and scapula and spasmodic paralysis of the lower limbs.

3. Patients may have symptoms such as limb weakness, increased muscle tone, and difficulty walking, but these symptoms belong to upper motor neuron symptoms, which mostly occur in adulthood and generally progress very slowly. Motor neuron disease can also be divided into a mixed type of upper and lower motor neuron disease, and the main symptoms of this type of motor neuron disease are muscle weakness and atrophy of the hand. If the disease progresses to an advanced stage, symptoms such as muscle wasting and atrophy and difficulty breathing may occur.

For motor neuron lesions, the new ** protocol generally refers to the gene**, which is still under study and has not yet entered clinical application. At present, traditional programs are mainly used, such as anti-causation, improvement of neurological function, and physical treatment.

1. Gene**: The current gene** is applied to clinical practice, but it is only proved through experiments that the gene ** can improve the damage of motor neurons in mice, and further research is still needed.

2. Cause: At present, for motor neuron lesions, the main measures are to treat the cause and actively cause the disease to avoid further damage to the nerves.

3. Improve nerve function: motor neurons belong to highly differentiated cells, can not be regenerated, can not be completely **, need to use edaravone under the guidance of doctors to alleviate the symptoms caused by neuronal damage, inhibit neuronal death, can also use citicoline and other drugs to improve microcirculation, the use of methylcobalamin, vitamin B1, vitamin B12 and other drugs to nourish nerves, improve nerve function.

When there is a lesion in the motor neuron, you should avoid nervousness and anxiety, and you need to actively cooperate with the doctor to carry out ** and actively carry out ** training.

The current causes of MND are usually not a single factor, and multiple causes are considered, as follows:

1. Genetic background: At present, it has been found that about 10% of the pathogenic genes are clearly the pathogenic genes of motor neuron disease, and susceptibility factors have also been found, and there are hundreds of genes or mutation sites, which are easy to lead to the occurrence of motor neuron disease;

2. Aging: The incidence of motor neuron disease is less before the age of 50, the incidence is lower, and the incidence is high in the age group of 50-75 years. Apoptosis may be one of the causes as we age;

3. Environmental factors: such as lead poisoning, overwork, physical labor, and high-intensity exercise, may increase the incidence of motor neuron disease.

MND can manifest as weakness and atrophy of the limbs, clumsiness and weakness of finger movements, muscle weakness and atrophy over the course of the disease, extending to the trunk and neck, and finally involving the facial and throat muscles. Patients may have bulbar paralysis, mostly in the late stage, the tongue muscles are first involved, manifested as tongue muscle atrophy, fasciculation, and tongue protrusion weakness, followed by pharyngeal, laryngeal, and masticatory muscle atrophy and weakness, resulting in the patient's slurred arthria, dysphagia, chewing weakness, and the orbicularis oculi muscle in the facial muscle is more obviously involved. There is often a pattern of disease progression in MND, usually from the upper extremity that is first affected, then to the contralateral upper extremity, to the ipsilateral lower extremity, to the contralateral lower extremity, and finally to the bulb involvement.

Motor neuron disease can be life-threatening, mostly within 3 to 5 years, death from respiratory muscle paralysis or lung infection, so motor neuron disease is more harmful. You can come to Beijing Renxuan Traditional Chinese Medicine to find Sheng Jinqiangfu**, and through one-to-one conditioning of Yiyuan Muscle Formula, the patient's symptoms can be improved.

Motor neuron is also known as ALS, as the name of the disease suggests, patients will gradually appear as if they are "frozen", and the patient will gradually develop from limb weakness to muscle atrophy; The limbs gradually develop from the hands and feet, and eventually to the torso. Patients may experience dyspnea, dysphagia, and most eventually die of paralysis of the respiratory muscles. At present, Western medicine does not have a good method for motor neurons, but there is no way for motor neurons, and choosing the right professional method as soon as possible plays a vital role in motor neurons.

Motor neuron is an incurable disease, and the most important thing is to treat the symptoms**, so that it will slowly recover.

The exact nature and pathogenesis of motor neuron disease are unknown. It may cause the accumulation of toxic substances in the nervous system for various reasons, especially the increase of free radicals and excitatory amino acids, and damage nerve cells and cause disease.

First, the main **.

1. Genetic factors: most of the motor neuron disease is sporadic, a few have a family history, and the inheritance mode is mainly autosomal dominant. The most common causative gene is the copper (zinc) superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) gene on chromosome 21.

2. Infection and immunity: Some researchers believe that the onset of the disease may be related to poliovirus, enterovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and when the infection invades neurons, patients will have corresponding clinical manifestations.

3. Metallic elements: The onset of motor neuron disease may be related to certain metals, such as lead, mercury, aluminum, etc., and the difference in the content of metallic elements in the environment may also be the reason for the high incidence of geography in some regions.

4. Nutritional disorders: Some researchers have found that vitamin B1 and vitamin B1 monophosphate in the plasma of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are reduced, which may lead to normal metabolic disorders of neurons, which in turn leads to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

5. Neurotransmitters: The level of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the cerebrospinal fluid of ALS patients is significantly reduced, while norepinephrine is increased, and the more severe the disease, the more obvious this change is, and some studies have shown that the neurocytotoxic effect of excitatory amino acids (mainly glutamate and aspartic acid) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ALS.

Middle-aged and elderly people may be affected by motor neuron disease in real life, and the occurrence of the disease will lead to the patient's behavior and activities being greatly limited, seriously affecting the quality of life of the patient, viral infection, inflammatory factors and metal element poisoning.

The occurrence of motor neuron disease, a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease, can not ignore the damage caused to our health, although we can choose some scientific and reasonable ways to carry out motor neuron disease, but the related ** can not help us achieve the effect of complete motor neuron disease, so we must recognize the ** of motor neuron disease, and prevent the occurrence of the disease in time.

The occurrence of motor neuron disease is closely related to the following factors:

1. Viral infection is one of the leading causes of our health being damaged by motor neuron disease. Viruses such as enterovirus, poliovirus, and human immunodeficiency may directly invade our motor nervous system when they invade the human body, thus causing motor neuron disease.

2. The appearance of motor neuron disease may also be caused by inflammatory lesions. Our motor nerve companion system may be inflammatory due to the invasion, and the inflammatory factors caused by the rapid nucleation of inflammatory diseases are likely to damage our motor neurons through cascade reactions, resulting in our motor neuron death and disease damage.

3. Metal element poisoning is also a kind of motor neuron that causes the occurrence of **. The occurrence of mercury poisoning, lead poisoning and aluminum poisoning will cause patients to have some similar symptoms of motor neuron disease, so the occurrence of these metal poisoning and motor neuron disease have a certain relationship, and we must pay attention to prevent metal poisoning in practical life.

Relevant clinical studies show that middle-aged and elderly people are the main incidence groups of motor neuron disease, and the appearance of this disease will lead to muscle atrophy, muscle weakness, increased muscle tone, fasciculations and tendon hyperreflexia and other abnormal manifestations, timely and effective diagnosis and treatment can help us control the development of motor neuron disease and effectively improve our quality of life.