What s the deal with tetanus? Is the case fatality rate really 100 percent?

Tetanus is a surgically specific infection caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is usually caused by an open injury to the body, especially if the external opening is small and deeply damaged. The incubation period of tetanus is usually about 1-2 weeks, and the clinical symptoms are mainly manifested by muscle rigidity and muscle spasm, which first involve the masticatory muscles and facial expression muscles, causing a wry smile and inability to open the mouth.

It gradually affects the muscles of the thoracodorsal, abdomen and limbs, causing angular arch reflexion, dyspnea and respiratory depression, and fractures of the plate-like abdomen and even the diaphysis of the limbs.

The fatality rate of tetanus is not 100%, according to authoritative reports, the fatality rate of tetanus is 20%-30% on average, 70% for severe cases, and the mortality rate of neonates in children is 70%, which is a relatively high fatality rate. The severity of tetanus has a lot to do with the incubation period of tetanus, which can be less than 7 days and the mortality rate can reach 60%-70%; The incubation period for mild and moderate tetanus is greater than 7 days, and the overall mortality rate for mild and moderate tetanus can reach 6%. In addition, neonatal tetanus mortality is particularly high, some data show more than 70%, some data show more than 90%, early **, it is possible to reduce the mortality rate, and the cause of death is mostly asphyxia caused by respiratory muscle spasm.

The main clinical manifestations of tetanus are strong contraction or spasm of the skeletal muscles of the whole body, resulting in a series of clinical manifestations, tetanus is a very serious disease, for severe patients, especially the elderly, children, if there is no medical intervention, the fatality rate is close to 100%. The average case fatality rate for tetanus worldwide is between 30%-50%, and even in the best hospitals in our country, where patients come early, the case fatality rate is around 10%. So tetanus is a very serious disease.

The most important way to prevent the common people from getting tetanus is the correct prevention.

If you have tetanus, you go to the hospital, and now penicillin-derived drugs have a stronger effect on killing Clostridium tetani. If you are infected with tetanus, you will receive good medical treatment.

Tetanus is actually an anaerobic bacterium. It may enter a person's body through a wound, and there will be some convulsions. The case fatality rate is not 100%, but the mortality rate is relatively high, and the case fatality rate is about 20% to 30%.

Tetanus is caused by infection caused by the wound not being bandaged in time. The case fatality rate is not necessarily 100%, and the probability of being ** is very low.

Tetanus is a clostridium bacterium that multiplies in local tissues and secretes some toxins, which can affect the nervous system of the human body, and the case fatality rate is not 100%, but it can still be treated.

Tetanus is inflammation caused by not treating the wound in a timely manner. The case fatality rate is not as high as 100%, but there is a high chance of death.

Tetanus is actually an anaerobic bacterium. Perhaps it entered a person's body through a wound and there were some convulsions. The rate is not only that the decay rate is relatively high, but the rate is probably in .

Although tetanus is a disease that we hear about in our daily lives, it is also a very dangerous disease, and it has a mortality rate.

is very high, can reach almost 40%. Although the wound that causes tetanus is very small, the damage it causes is very large, so everyone must pay attention to it in daily life. Because according to the World Health Organization.

According to statistics, about 1 million people die of tetanus every year, so although tetanus is very common in daily life, it can be very dangerous if not handled properly. <>

Tetanus bacilli after trauma to the human body.

It will invade the wounds of the human body, and grow and multiply wildly in the wounds, thus producing some toxins and causing infections in the human body. Tetanus is usually found in soil, animal feces, and rust, so it can only reproduce in an environment without oxygen, so it is generally not easily infected by ordinary contact. However, if there are some open injuries on the body, tetanus bacilli will invade the body along the wound, and if the wound is deep, then the bacterial contamination will be more serious, and tetanus will easily occur.

Moreover, the incubation period of tetanus is also relatively long, generally it can be incubated for 6 to 10 days, but there will also be 24-hour onset or incubation for several years and months. The best way to prevent tetanus is the tetanus vaccine.

We must have all been vaccinated en masse when we were young. The tetanus vaccine generally has a protection period of 10 years, so it can protect us from tetanus to a large extent. If you do not have this tetanus vaccine, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible to get the tetanus vaccine, and then treat the wound as soon as possible to ensure that the wound is clean.

Sometimes we don't take it seriously because the wound on our body is relatively small, but if it is treated in time, it is very likely that the tetanus bacillus will invade the human body and cause tetanus. Therefore, everyone must pay special attention to this wound and do not relax their vigilance.

I think the mortality rate of tetanus is not high, and I think that if you want to prevent tetanus, then you must pay attention to your diet, you must eat a light diet, you must not eat too greasy diet, you must eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, such as apples, bananas, oranges, oranges, grapefruit, lettuce, greens, tomatoes, carrots, cucumbers and other foods, and you must also pay attention to the regular schedule and rest, and do not stay up late.

The mortality rate of tetanus is very high, and if you don't pay attention to the wound, it is very easy to get tetanus. If there is a wound, you must go to the hospital in time to disinfect and put a band-aid, you can't let the wound catch water, you should eat more light food in your diet, and eat some nutritious things to prevent tetanus.

The mortality rate is also relatively high, in ordinary life, you need to clean your wounds, if there is an infection, you have to go to the hospital to check, you must go to the vaccine.

The main harm of tetanus bacilli to the human body is the exotoxin produced during reproduction, which includes spasmodic toxin and hemolytic toxin, the former has a special affinity for nerves, which causes tension contraction and paroxysmal spasm of the striated muscles throughout the body. The latter can cause local tissue necrosis and myocardial damage. The incubation period of tetanus is an average of days, but it can be shorter than hours or as long as days, even months, and years, and neonatal tetanus generally develops about a few days after the cord is clamped.

In general, the shorter the duration of the incubation period or prodromal symptoms, the more severe the symptoms and the higher the mortality rate. Patients have a prodrome of fatigue, dizziness, headache, tension and distension in the masticatory muscles, and irritability, followed by strong muscle contractions, followed by facial, cervical, dorsicogastric, limb muscles, diaphragm, and intercostal muscles. In severe cases, it is often life-threatening.

The key to this disease is prevention and proper treatment of wounds, which can often prevent tetanus.

After the injury, the longer the incubation period, the lower the mortality rate, and conversely, the shorter the incubation period, the higher the mortality rate.

**Generally: excision of the infected site, injection of antitoxin + antibiotics. Mortality:

(1) Infection conditions: Clostridium tetani is a non-invasive bacterium, and the spores are widely distributed in nature and generally do not cause diseases. When there is a narrow and deep wound in the body, or accompanied by aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria infection, or a lot of necrotic tissue, soil or foreign body contaminates the wound, resulting in ischemia and hypoxia.

Creates a local anaerobic environment, which is conducive to the reproduction of Clostridium tetani.

2) Pathogenesis: After Clostridium tetani infects susceptible wounds, the spores germinate into propagules, multiply locally and release tetanus spasm toxin and tetanus hemolysin. The former acts on the motor cells of the anterior horn of the spinal cord and blocks inhibitory neuromediators, resulting in tonic contractions of muscles throughout the body and angular arch reflexion (a symptom specific to tetanus).

3) Prevention and treatment principle: Because tetanus spasm toxin can quickly and irreversibly combine with nerve tissue, it is difficult to prevent it once it occurs. If a suspicious wound is encountered, debridement and expansion should be done, and high-dose penicillin should be used to inhibit bacterial reproduction.

Patients are given emergency prophylaxis with tetanus antitoxin, and specificity is given to those who have already developed the disease**. Susceptible populations such as children, military personnel, and trauma-prone people should be vaccinated with tetanus toxoid, and children should be vaccinated with tetanus and tetanus vaccine.

Tetanus bacillus is an anaerobic bacterium, a conditional pathogen that grows and multiplies only under oxygen-free conditions or when the wound is deep and accompanied by aerobic infection.

Tetanus bacilli mostly grow in soil and rust, so tetanus antitoxin should be injected when the wound is deeply contaminated with soil or punctured by rust-like iron objects.

If the wound is not deep, as long as proper debridement is done, there is no need to inject tetanus antitoxin. Or use some disinfectant such as red potion to wipe it out. If the wound is dry and there is no exudate, there is no need to wipe it again.

Because tetanus antitoxin is an immune horse serum, which is a heterosexual protein to the human body, and has antigenicity (allergic reaction), an allergy test should be done before taking the drug. If the test result is negative, tetanus antitoxin can be injected directly, and if the test result is positive, desensitization injection, that is, small doses of tetanus antitoxin can be injected in 4---5 times. If you have used tetanus antitoxin for more than a week, if you use it again, you must also redo the **test.

Tetanus bacillus infection is only the primary condition for the onset of the disease. And tetanus bacillus also has certain conditions to survive, it is an anaerobic bacteria, generally speaking, in a hypoxic environment to survive and reproduce, so a large and shallow wound can not constitute such conditions.

Tetanus bacillus is an anaerobic bacterium, and if a person is infected with tetanus, the following conditions must be met: First, it must be a deep puncture wound similar to a nail, forming a closed wound and creating an environment conducive to the reproduction of tetanus bacilli. Second, tetanus bacilli are present on the nail that stabbed the human body.

Thirdly, the immunity of the person who has been stabbed is not strong enough.

It is almost impossible to get tetanus. The needles are sterile, have a short exposure time, have a small wound, are sterilized with alcohol, and are treated with dressings - basically do not come into contact with the source of infection and will not be infected.

1.It's better to go and get a shot for tetanus (although it's late, but it's still useful)2Relax, even if tetanus is a large-scale injury, there is only a very small probability of infection (the probability of infection is low, the probability of attack is even lower).

3.Tetanus can be treated, even if you have it, you must not have too much psychological burden, take it easy, and the sterile needle should be fine.

4.The longer the incubation period of tetanus, the less dangerous it is, so don't worry about the long incubation period, take it easy, it's fine.

Hehe, it seems that you and I are still peers, relax, just be careful not to go into the water to prevent bacterial infection, and there is no need for injection to break the resistance, there will be no problem.

If tetanus is not early**, it can lead to death if it causes a series of complications.

Guidance: In addition to fractures, urinary retention, and respiratory arrest, tetanus can also cause the following complications:

Asphyxia: due to persistent spasm of the laryngeal respiratory muscles and mucous phlegm blocking the trachea;

Lung infection: laryngeal spasm, poor airway, stagnation of bronchial secretions, and inability to turn over frequently are all causes of atelectasis due to pneumonia;

Acidosis: respiratory acidosis caused by poor breathing and insufficient ventilation, strong muscle contraction, incomplete decomposition of body fat after fasting, and the increase of acidic metabolites resulting in metabolic acidosis;

Circulatory failure: due to hypoxia and poisoning, tachycardia can occur, and heart failure can occur after too long, and even shock or cardiac arrest can occur. These complications are often an important cause of death and should be prevented.

It is a systemic disease caused by tetanus bacillus infection in traumatic wounds, and the most prominent neurological symptoms are caused by the exotoxin of tetanus bacteria.

Of course it will, if the respiratory muscles twitch, you will die directly!

Tetanus bacillus invades human wounds, grows and multiplies and produces toxins caused by an acute specific infection. 1.The incubation period is usually 7-8 days, but can be as short as 24 hours or as long as months or years.

2.Prodromal phase: fatigue, dizziness, headache, weakness in chewing, hyperreflexia, irritability, local pain, muscle stretching, convulsions and rigidity, jaw tension, difficulty opening the mouth.

3.Episodic phase: Persistent muscle contraction.

At first, it is the masticatory muscles, and then the face, neck, back, abdomen, limbs, and finally the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. 4.Paroxysmal spasms can be induced by sound and light vibration, drinking water, and injection.

Complications often result in death.