The Revelation of Scrutiny 30

People are no strangers to the word "scrutiny", as everyone knows, it is often used as a metaphor for repeated deliberation and consideration.

It taught me how polite it is to be, and how difficult it is for a poet to write a poem.

When people make articles or do things, they ponder over and over again.

Point to effort, sentence to article.

Understand and deliberate on the meaning and role of important sentences in the text.

Zhang Zijuan. Browsing the examination papers of Yangzhou City in recent years, there is one kind of reading question that has always had a place, and that is to understand the meaning and function of important sentences in combination with the text. In fact, this is not only the case in Yangzhou, but also in most other provinces and cities.

In recent years, the author has participated in the high school entrance examination and found that the candidates did not grasp the answer to this question accurately, or did not have a deep understanding, or the main points were incomplete, so they lost more points. In this regard, I would like to combine my own teaching practice and make some explorations for the benefit of readers.

1. Description and requirements of the test center.

The reason why this kind of topic is popular is that Article 4 of the reading in the fourth stage of the new Chinese Curriculum Standards (Grade 7 9) (2) points out: on the basis of reading through the text, you should clarify your thinking, understand the main content, and experience and deliberate the meaning and role of important words and sentences in the language environment.

In 2006, Yangzhou's "Instructions for the High School Entrance Examination" also clearly made the requirement of "understanding and scrutinizing the meaning and role of important sentences in the text" in Article 2 of "Modern Reading".

2. Examination methods and test question types.

1. Examination method.

In modern reading, this kind of question generally appears in the form of subjective questions, and the deep meaning of the sentence in the text includes understanding the author's thoughts, feelings, opinions, and attitudes expressed in the sentence, the thoughts and personalities of the characters described in the sentence, the truth contained in the sentence itself, and its role in the structure of the article.

2. Exam question types.

Talk about your understanding of this sentence".

What is the meaning of this sentence".

What does this sentence teach you".

What does this phrase mean on another level".

Tell us about the role of this sentence in the text".

I've already told you the answer. Give me a !!

1. Original text. At the beginning of the island, in Beijing, one day, on the donkey, the sentence "the bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon". Beginning to desire"Push"The word, and the dust number wants to make the word "knock", the refining is undecided, so he chanted on the donkey, leading the hand to scrutinize the momentum, and the viewer was surprised.

When Han retreated, the only brother Jing Zhaoyin, the car rider out, the island did not feel that the line was in the third quarter, and the gesture was still unfinished, and Russia was left and right to stop Yin Qian. The island has undecided on the obtained verses, pushing and typing the words, and does not know how to avoid it. After retreating for a long time, the island said:

Knock the word 'good'. Then he returned with a mixture, referring to the poetry and the Tao, and staying for a long time, because the island was a friend of cloth.

2. Translation. Jia Island improvised a poem. One day he thought of this poem on the back of a donkey:

The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon. He also wanted to use the word "push" (to replace the word "knock"), and after thinking about it repeatedly and not decided, he recited (continued) on the back of the donkey, stretching out his hand to do the action of pushing and knocking. Those who saw it were amazed.

At that time, Han Yu was the local governor of the capital temporarily, and he was taking the carriage and horse out on patrol, and Jia Dao unknowingly walked straight to the third section (Han Yu's honor guard), and he was still making (scrutiny) gestures. So after a while, he was pushed in front of Jing Zhaoyin by the attendants left and right (Han Yu). Jia Dao detailed the verses he was brewing, whether to use the word "push" or "knock" was not determined, and his thoughts left the things in front of him, and he didn't know to avoid them.

Han Yu stopped the carriage and thought for a while, and said to Jia Dao: "It's good to use the word 'knock'." So the two rode home side by side on donkeys and horses, and talked together about how to compose poetry, and they were reluctant to leave each other for several days.

Han Yu) thus became an ordinary person with Jia Dao.

Deliberate allusionsOriginated from the Tang Dynasty poet Jia Island.

Once, the poet Jia Dao once rode a lame donkey to visit his friend Li Ning, and wrote a poem called "Li Ning's Secluded Residence" on the way, which has a sentence "The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks (pushes) the door under the moon." ”

After chanting it several times, he wanted to change the word "push" to "knock", but he hesitated, so he made a gesture of pushing on the back of a donkey, which made the people on the road amused and surprised.

Just when he was thinking about it, the lame donkey collided with the chariot of Han Yu (one of the eight great families of the Tang and Song dynasties), who was the supreme governor of Chang'an at the time. Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he broke into his honor guard. Jia Dao read the poem he made to Han Yu, but he couldn't decide whether to use "push" or "knock" to say good things.

Han Yu listened, and also joined in thinking, and after a long time, he said to Jia Dao: "I think it's better to use 'knock', even in the dead of night, visiting friends, and knocking on the door means that you are a polite person!" And a 'knock' word makes the night quieter and a little louder.

Besides, it reads louder," Jia Dao nodded in praise after hearing this. Not only was he not punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.

The meaning of scrutiny

Interpretation: The process of thinking word by word when figuring out writing, the metaphor considers the words and ponders repeatedly.

Citation: Wu Guanyi, "Mountain Torrent" II: "Sanguan has a serious and calm face, and feels that this is worthy of scrutiny. ”

Usage: as a predicate, object.

Example: In desperation, I lost the opportunity to scrutinize every word of a classic** or the latest bestseller.

Allusion refers to allusion and storytelling; second, it refers to the ancient stories and words with origins quoted in the poems; The third refers to recognized people and events that are educational and familiar to the public. Allusion to this name. The following is the allusion I have compiled and scrutinized, welcome you to learn from and reference, I hope it will be helpful to you.

The Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao, the word Langxian (a Lang Xian), failed the exam when he was young, and once became a monk, and his legal name was not available. Later, he also took the exam, but he was not admitted to the "Jinshi", and only served as a petty official such as the "Yangtze River Master Book", and the doctor was poor and sad. His poetry style is clear and beautiful, and he pays great attention to forging words and refining sentences.

Sui and Tang Jiahua", "Tang Poetry Chronicle" and "Tiaoxi Yuyin Words" all contain such a story from him:

Jia Dao went to Beijing (Chang'an) for the examination. One day, riding a donkey, while walking, while chanting poetry, suddenly got two sentences: "The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk pushes the moon down the door." ”

Jia Dao himself thinks these two sentences are not bad. However, I feel that the word "push" in the next sentence is not good enough: since it is a night under the moon, the door should have been closed a long time ago, and I am afraid that it will not be able to be opened, so it is better to change it to "the monk knocks on the door under the moon".

Thinking about it in my heart, I repeated it in my mouth: "Monk pushes ......."The monk knocked on ......His right hand also unconsciously followed the performance: one moment reaching out and pushing, the other raising his hand in a knocking posture.

At this time, the famous. Han Yu, a great writer, "Jing Zhaoyin" and "Servant of the Ministry of Officials", happened to pass by, and the guard of honor came over with a hug. According to the rules of the time, when a dignitary passed by, pedestrians had to stay away and give way, otherwise they would commit a crime.

Jia Dao was fascinated by his poem at this time, but he didn't realize it, and when he got close, it was too late to avoid it, so he was immediately twisted by the servants and brought to Han Yuma. Han Yu asked the reason, not only did not blame Jia Dao, but also praised him for his serious creative attitude. Regarding the words "push" and "knock", Han Yu pondered for a while and said:

Or 'knock''The word is good. ”

The two rode side by side and talked about the writing of poetry. Since then, they have become friends.

The idiom "scrutiny" is due to this story. Later, it was described as repeatedly studying the wording and considering the words, which was called "scrutiny".

The above-mentioned poems of Jia Island, see "Title Li Ning Secluded Residence", which is a poem of five rules, and the full poem is as follows:

Idle and few neighbors, grass paths into the wasteland.

The bird stays in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon.

Cross the bridge to divide the wild colors, move the stones and move the cloud roots.

Coming here for the time being, the tryst is worth it.