With Australia s fires so severe, why is fighting forest fires still a recognized challenge?

Forest fires are a worldwide problem, and firefighting efforts are difficult to carry out because they often occur in dense forests. The main causes of fire are natural fire sources and man-made fire sources. Natural fire sources mainly include volcanic eruptions, meteorite landings, lightning strikes, rolling stone sparks, etc.; More than 90% of the world's fires are caused by man-made, and this incident is caused by improper operation of illegal camping.

One of the conditions for forest fires to occur is the presence of flammable materials, and the accumulation of dead branches and fallen leaves on the surface is a good match. The previous forest fires in Liangshan were related to surface deposits. Ground vegetation and understory combustibles decompose and deteriorate after long-term accumulation, producing a large amount of combustible gas, which will burn or even deflagrate when encountering open flames after being mixed with decaying combustibles.

The occurrence of forest fires is also related to the climate, under the arid climate conditions where fires are common, high temperature and low humidity are the best environment, which is generally more common in spring and autumn, and also occurs in summer when rain is scarce.

Windy weather is also an important condition for wildfires to occur. Wind can alter heat convection and can also provide oxygen to support combustion, which makes the wind direction of the ignition point changeable, making firefighting more difficult. Now, it is the hot summer weather in Australia, which makes it more difficult to extinguish the fire, and at the same time, there are many trees on the island and it is very difficult to rescue.

** is an island that has burned half of the entire island area so far, and the news reports are due to illegal camping**. I believe that in order to speed up fire fighting, it is necessary to raise people's awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation and conduct fire prevention education. From the first level, we should establish various fire prevention systems, set up fire fighting teams, and improve forest protection and fire prevention facilities.

Last year's Australian wildfires burned for more than half a year, in fact, the first and the people did not pay attention to it, and if the fire extinguishing measures were taken earlier, it would not have caused such a major property loss and ecological damage. Many koalas and other wildlife were injured in the wildfire, and koalas were wiped out because of their slow movements.

Because the trees in the forest are large and large, once the fire is **, the fire will be uncontrollable, so firefighting is still a problem now.

I think the main reason is that the area where the fire broke out is very large, and the weather is very hot.

I think that the fire disaster in the forest is extinguished because it is in the forest, and the forest is very easy to ** trees and flowers, and the environment in the forest is very bad, and it is difficult to extinguish the fire in time.

The fires in Australia were caused by dry weather, little rain, and some arson.

1. Forest fire refers to the forest fire behavior that is out of human control, spreads and expands freely in the forest land, and brings certain harm and loss to the forest, forest ecosystem and human beings. Forest fire is a natural disaster that is sudden, destructive, and difficult to deal with. It is a type of fire.

2. The cause needs conditions Three conditions must be met for the occurrence of forest fires:

Combustibles (including trees, grass and shrubs and other plants) are the material basis for forest fires;

Fire danger weather is an important condition for fires;

The source of fire is the leading factor in the occurrence of forest fires.

Without one of these three conditions, forest fires will not occur. A large number of facts show that forest fires can be prevented, combustibles and fire sources can be artificially controlled, and fire danger weather can also be predicted to prevent it.

Central Australia is controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone all year round, and the desert is formed by little rainfall, and because of the influence of the subtropical high pressure, the forests in the south are often affected by the dry, hot prevailing winds blowing from the north, causing forest fires.

Forest fires not only destroy surface vegetation and reduce biodiversity, but also pollute the air.

There should be a reason for this.

First of all, the environment of their place is that the climate is particularly dry.

And then somebody's got a fire, so the fire got bigger and bigger.

September-November 2019.

21 December 2019: Bushfires in East Gippsland, Victoria, are starting to affect the weather. The smoke turned into clouds, causing severe thunderstorms that led to further fires.

The fire broke out in September 2019, but the story dates back to 2017. Australian bushfires have been burning since September 2019. The prolonged drought that began in 2017 has made this year's bushfire season more catastrophic than ever.

Wildfires have caused unprecedented damage, affecting more than 14 million acres of land, killing more than 20 people and killing an estimated 1 billion animals.

A look back at the situation from the severe drought in September 2018 to today. September 2018: During a prolonged drought that began in 2017, eastern Australia experienced its driest September on record.

September 2019: Australian Bureau of Meteorology**, drought will continue for at least three months as bushfires occur.

Australia's arid climate and oil-rich eucalyptus forests mean that bushfires are one of the country's inevitable sights. There have also been several major bushfires recorded in Australia's history, such as Ash Wednesday in 1983 that killed 75 people, and Black Friday in 1939 that killed 71 people.

However, Victoria's bushfires are the deadliest in the country's history, and experts believe the problem is linked to climate change.

Morgan, director of the Australian Centre for Cooperative Research on Forest Fire, said: "Climate change, dry weather, has changed the nature of forest fires, the size of the fires and the ...... of time they burnThis weekend's wildfires highlighted the importance of scientific research to advance our understanding of the various impacts of wildfires. ”

Australian poet McKeller described Australia as "arid land and flooded plains", while Adams, a bushfire expert at the University of Sydney, said there was evidence that Australia's climate was becoming increasingly volatile.

Australia has a large area of forest cover, and there are a number of fires every summer.

The Melbourne fire, according to **, is first due to the severity of the fire. Victoria has been under control of heat for the past week, with a high temperature of 43 degrees Celsius lasting for a week, a record since 1908. By the time bushfires began raging on February 7, temperatures in Melbourne, the state's capital, had risen to 46.4 degrees Celsius.

Prolonged heat and drought have made the wildfires more likely to spread, while winds of up to 115 kilometers per hour and some incidents of arson have accelerated the spread of the fires, engulfing many people in flames before they have time to flee their homes. Victorian Premier Brumby said the fire was as terrible as a war. Because the fire was so intense, there was little firefighters could do about it.

Australia is vast and sparsely populated.

Every year in the southern hemisphere, spring and summer are the months of Australia, which is the wildfire season in Australia. However, the fires that began burning in the country last year have been burning for a much longer time and scale than in previous years, and even surpassed the Amazon forest fires in South America that attracted global attention last year, and spread into a catastrophe.

As of January 14, the southeastern Australian bushfires have been burning for four months, from the most economically developed and densely populated southeastern coastal areas, to Tasmania, Western Australia and the Northern Territory, there are bushfires burning in almost every state in Australia.

With the fires still burning, the impact on Australia's overall economy remains "highly uncertain".

Summers in Australia are hot and dry, and bushfires are not uncommon, but 2019 saw a significantly earlier and larger scale than usual.

Since the start of the bushfire season in Australia in July 2019, high temperatures and drought have been the main causes of bushfires.

According to meteorological data over the past hundred years, Australia has become hotter and hotter. Average temperatures across Australia have risen and record-breaking temperatures have been repeated.

Drought is also sweeping through Australia. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology announced in December last year that this past spring was the driest in Australia's history, with an average of about 100 millilitres of rainfall in the past November, but only 18 millilitres in 2019, and the drought will continue in the coming months.

Forest fires are often greatly affected by three natural factors: meteorology, vegetation and topography. Combustibles are the basis of forest burning.

The southeast of Australia is densely forested, of which eucalyptus and maple trees account for up to 90%, eucalyptus bark is rich in eucalyptus oil, they fall off and accumulate at the roots, when the temperature reaches 40 degrees Celsius, it will spontaneously combust, which is very easy to cause forest fires.

In addition, Australia's vast and sparsely populated area, the staggered distribution of cities and forests, and the lack of large rivers in the inland areas also led to a certain extent that there was no obstacle to the spread of fires.

In fact, although they are all called fires, forest fires are different from ordinary urban fires, but are large-scale "natural disasters" like **, tsunamis, and hurricanes. Once it develops to large-scale burning, it is difficult for manpower to effectively intervene and control it.

However, in the early stages of the fire, human intervention can still make a big difference.

Experts pointed out that the Australian federal government underestimated the scale of the forest fires this time, and the response to the disaster relief work was slow, and there was a lack of overall coordination for a long time, so it was questioned and criticized by the public.

In addition to the misjudgment of the Australian Federation** on the forest fire, another important reason for the raging forest fire is the poor coordination and division of labor between the federal and local governments.

Under Australian law, states and territories** have the primary responsibility for natural disasters such as bushfires, and the Village Fire Service is the backbone of fighting bushfires, with volunteer firefighters as the main members.

Under normal circumstances, the federal government will not provide additional support if the local government does not request it.

On the 12th, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison publicly admitted for the first time that the response to wildfires and climate change was ineffective.

The bushfires in Australia are not unmanaged, but they are not managed urgently, because the living area is too large, the scale is too large, and the best can do it, so it has led to the current situation.

It's not that no one cares, it's that it's too late in the first place.

It's not that no one cares, but the fire is too big to control, and saving people comes first.

Why is Australia's fires unattended? It may be that it was not paid enough attention at the beginning, and after the fire spreads, it can no longer be stopped, which will cause the current consequences.

This should be seen in Australia** may be that they have departments that do not sit down.

The Australian country has always had a culture, and they are thinking about how to solve it, but because the fire is too strong, there is really no way.

Because the fire is so big, the management of the human enclosure may not be able to deal with the fire.

Encounter the forces are a more democratic country, they. ** time, is young.

Efforts to extinguish fires have been carried out in Australia, but it is difficult to extinguish fires due to the lack of weather and manpower.

It's not that no one cares about the fire in Australia, it's just too big, so just let him burn it clean.

Australia is vast and sparsely populated. There are so few people that they can't manage it.

This has something to do with the management of Australia, and the fires are almost out of control before someone starts to manage them, which is really irresponsible.