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Environmental issues. The main categories are as follows:
1. According to environmental elements: air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution;
2. According to human activities: industrial environmental pollution, urban environmental pollution, agricultural environmental pollution;
Radioactivity, electromagnetic waves.
Solid waste pollution, energy pollution.
The main causes of environmental problems:
First, the one-sided pursuit of economic value and the neglect of ecological value cause environmental problems. Pollution caused by industrial wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue generated by industrial development;
Second, the rapid decline of vegetation causes environmental problems. In order to ensure rapid economic growth, excessive reclamation at the expense of the environment has led to extremely serious land degradation.
Third, environmental problems caused by urban development. A series of environmental problems due to urban development have brought many inconveniences to people's life and production.
The fundamental way to solve environmental problems:
Population surge, economic development, and scientific and technological progress are the root causes of environmental problems, and the solution to environmental problems must rely on controlling the population, strengthening education, improving the quality of the population, enhancing environmental awareness, strengthening environmental management, and relying on strong economic strength and scientific and technological progress. First of all, population control has a special and important role in solving contemporary environmental problems, and at the same time, it is necessary to strengthen education to raise their environmental awareness and solve environmental problems through various technical means, especially environmental management. To solve environmental problems, we must have considerable economic strength, require huge financial and material resources and long-term efforts, and must also use scientific and technological progress to solve environmental problems.
Solution: First, change the production mode and vigorously develop the circular economy.
Transform the traditional production model "resource-product-waste" into a circular economy production model "resource-product-renewable resource". Traditional.
The faster the economic development of the production model, the greater the environmental cost to pay, not only wastes resources, but also the waste produced occupies arable land, affects soil quality, and reduces the output of agricultural products. The circular economy overcomes this shortcoming. Transform waste into "renewable resources", improve production and ecological efficiency, obtain maximum economic output and produce minimum environmental pollution with the least consumption of resources, and establish a sustainable production and consumption model.
Second, it is necessary to improve the level of allocation of scientific and technological resources and the efficiency of operation. Through the development of new science and technology, improve the efficiency of resource use, and establish a conservation-oriented social and economic system. That is, China's industrialization is required to achieve a "low input, high output, less pollution", a circular development mechanism.
Through the development of science and technology as the support, the establishment of a harmonious science and technology system between people and the environment.
Third, on the basis of conservation, the natural environment should be restored.
Although the development of a conservation-oriented economy can reduce the impact on the environment to a certain extent, in order to essentially improve the environmental problems, they must be repaired on the basis of conservation. In the process of revegetation, emphasis is placed on the use of natural laws.
Make full use of nature's self-healing ability, combined with local artificial measures, to achieve the purpose of restoring the environment. These include the restoration of forests, wetlands, and farmland ecosystems. Forests and wetlands play an important role in alleviating floods, preventing droughts, and conserving water sources.
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Air pollution, water pollution, garbage disposal, land desertification and sand disasters, soil erosion, drought and floods, biodiversity destruction, WTO and the environment, environmental problems in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, persistent organic matter pollution, etc.
Governance: To implement environmental protection work, it is necessary to rely on scientific mechanisms. The environmental protection working mechanism is responsible for the environmental quality of the jurisdiction, the environmental protection department implements unified supervision and management of the environmental protection work, and the relevant departments are responsible for the division of labor.
Ecological and environmental problems can generally be divided into three categories:
1) Ecological damage caused by the irrational exploitation and utilization of natural resources. It mainly includes the sharp decline of biological species, soil erosion, land desertification, etc.
2) Environmental pollution. For example, the "three wastes" (wastewater, waste gas, waste residue) pollution, noise pollution, pesticide pollution, etc., caused by urbanization and the high development of industry and agriculture; Global warming, acid rain pollution, ozone layer depletion.
3) Shortage of resources. Water shortage, land resource shortage, etc.
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Since the beginning of the 80s, environmental problems with global impact have become increasingly prominent. In addition to regional environmental pollution and large-scale ecological destruction, there have also been large-scale and global environmental crises such as the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, global climate change, acid rain, species extinction, land desertification, forest decline, transboundary pollution, marine pollution, decline of wild species, reduction of tropical rainforests, soil erosion, etc., which seriously threaten the survival and development of all mankind.
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