What is a semiconductor, what is a semiconductor?

Semiconductor components: Electronic parts made of semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium. Commonly used are semiconductor diodes, voltage regulators, light-emitting diodes, varactor diodes, photocells, transistors, thyristors, photoresistors, negative temperature coefficient thermistors and various integrated circuits. At present, there are more than 5,000 large-scale original factories and first-class merchants, and 3000+ million original electronic components.

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Objects such as germanium, silicon, selenium, gallium arsenide, and many metal oxides and metal sulfides, whose conductivity is between conductors and insulators, are called semiconductors.

Semiconductors have some special properties. For example, the relationship between the resistivity and temperature of semiconductors can be used to make thermistors (thermistors) for automatic control; Its photosensitive characteristics can be used to make photosensitive elements for automatic control, such as photocells, photocells and photoresistors.

Semiconductors also have one of the most important properties, and if trace impurities are properly incorporated into pure semiconductor substances, their conductivity will increase millions of times. This characteristic can be used to manufacture a variety of semiconductor devices for different purposes, such as semiconductor diodes, transistors, etc.

When one side of a semiconductor is made into a p-type region and the other side is made into an n-type region, a thin layer with special properties is formed near the junction, which is generally called a p-n junction. The upper part of the figure shows the diffusion of carriers at the interface between p-type semiconductors and n-type semiconductors (indicated by black arrows). The middle part shows the formation process of the p-n junction, indicating that the diffusion of the carriers is greater than the drift (indicated by a blue arrow, and a red arrow indicates the direction of the built-in electric field).

The lower part is the formation of the PN junction. Represents the dynamic equilibrium of diffusion and drift.

Semiconductor. A semiconductor is a material whose electrical conductivity is between an insulator and a conductor, and its conductivity can be easily controlled, and it can be used as a component material for information processing. From a technological or economic perspective, semiconductors are very important.

The core unit of many electronic products, such as computers, mobile**, and digital voice recorders, uses the conductivity changes of semiconductors to process information. Common semiconductor materials include silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, etc., and silicon is the most influential one in commercial applications among various semiconductor materials.

Semiconductors are materials that have electrical conductivity between conductors and insulators at room temperature. Semiconductors are used in integrated circuits, consumer electronics, communication systems, photovoltaic power generation, lighting, high-power power conversion and other fields, such as diodes are devices made of semiconductors.

There are many parameters involved in the process of semiconductor refrigeration, and the conditions are complex and changeable, and any one parameter will have an impact on the cooling effect.

In laboratory research, it is difficult to meet the specified noise, so it is necessary to study the laboratory environment, but it is difficult to determine the number of influencing factors. Semiconductor refrigeration technology is a refrigeration technology based on particle effects and is reversible. Therefore, in the application process of refrigeration technology, there will be a large temperature difference between the cold and hot ends, which will inevitably have an impact on the refrigeration effect.