How did the Miao ancestors create the Miao medical culture?

The history, culture and living environment of the Miao people have the following impacts on Miao medicine:

Most of the areas inhabited by the Miao people are remote mountainous areas with harsh natural conditions, and it is this environment that has exercised the strong survival ability of the Miao people and promoted the continuous progress and development of Miao medicine. In order to ensure the survival and reproduction of their own ethnic group, the Miao people have continuously accumulated and developed the rich and long-standing Miao medical culture in the long-term production and life practice, and at the same time formed many unique home remedies and test prescriptions with exact curative effects.

The Miao people have insufficient understanding of Miao medicine and a weak sense of inheritance.

Through the survey results of the villagers, it is shown that most of the villagers still choose Western medicine first when they are unwell, and their understanding of the medicine of the Miao nationality is obviously insufficient.

Miao medicine has a long history, broad and profound, self-contained system, especially for its internal and external treatment of the best at home and abroad, has become a wonderful branch of national medicine. So far, Miaojia medicine has.

Three or four thousand years of history. Hmong medicine is often associated with words like mystery and magic. Miao folk also have the saying of "millennium Miao medicine, 10,000 years of Miao medicine".

Miao medicine's cognition of ** and the naming and classification of diseases all have strong national characteristics and reflect a certain standardization. The Miao people of Phoenix call the Miao doctor "Jiangga", and the Miao medicine is "Gaxiong", which is divided into four types: internal medicine, surgery, **, and pediatrics. In the Miao language, there is no word "disease" with the exact same meaning as in the Han people, only the similar "mo" and "mother".

The original meaning of "mo" is tired, "mother" means "pain", and the meaning of illness is derived. If a certain part of a person's body, or psychological or spiritual can not withstand the excessive load, it will inevitably lead to abnormal movement of qi and blood and meridians, resulting in pain and uncomfortable phenomena, and treatment is to take various means to dredge qi and blood and meridians, return to normal, and achieve the purpose of eliminating pain and exerting normal functions of various organs. Based on this, in addition to medicine, Miao medicine also uses many other first-class means:

Such as scraping and dissipating gas, elastic tendons and invigorating blood, stabbing and dispersing stasis, lamp to relieve pain, oil needle picking, steaming wine to dispel wind, fire pot to dispel gas, etc.

Miao medicine is mainly distributed in the Miaoling Mountains, Wumeng Mountains and Wuling Mountains inhabited by the Miao people. Due to the different latitudes, geographical environments, and drug habits in various regions, the distribution of various drugs is different, and some species such as: see blood fly, Houttuynia cordata, honeysuckle, bellflower, etc. are distributed almost everywhere; And some types such as:

Aina incense, horse betel nut, golden iron lock, pineapple, purple golden lotus, etc. are only distributed in certain areas and at a certain altitude. In recent years, a lot of medicinal materials planting and production bases have been established in the vast areas inhabited by Miao people in China, and the artificial cultivation of commonly used medicinal materials such as gastrodia, Poria cocos, Eucommia ulmoides, etc. has been vigorously developed.

The Miao are one of the oldest ethnic groups in Chinese history. 5,000 years ago, the "Jiuli" tribal alliance led by Chi You, who lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, fought a very cruel war with the Yellow Emperor tribal alliance living in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In the Yao, Shun and Yu periods around 4,000 years ago, after the defeat of Jiuli formed a new tribal alliance "Sanmiao", but after a long and fierce war with the tribal alliance led by Yao, Shun and Yu, the "Sanmiao" tribe failed.

Since then, the Miao people have begun a large-scale, long-distance, and long-term migration, covering most of China. Therefore, the Australian ethnohistorian Gedis once said: "The two most indomitable peoples in the world are the Miao people in China and the Jews scattered all over the world."

The ancestors of the Miao nationality founded their own medicine in the long-term practice, and in the villages of the Miao nationality and the ancient songs of the Miao nationality, such ballads are often circulated: "10000 years of Miao medicine, 10,000 years of Miao medicine", "a medicine king, in the four directions, 3,000 Miao medicines, 800 unilateral prescriptions". The Miao people in the southeast region of Guizhou Province divide the medicine into two categories: cold medicine and hot medicine, and believe that sweet, numb, fragrant and spicy are hot medicines, which are used to treat cold diseases and belong to the cold meridian; Sour, bitter and astringent are cold medicines, which are used to treat fever and return to the heat meridian.

Xiangxi Miao physicians believe that medicine has the functions of stopping, tonifying, passing and dispersing, and sums up the rules of medication such as "treating cold with heat", "treating heat with cold", and "treating closure with tong". The characteristics of Miao medicine are more unilateral and less complex. "Most of them are one side and one disease, such as the "white spicy knotweed" that everyone saw now, which can treat five-step snake bites, the nine wood incense here, specializing in tracheitis, and the "four tiles" here, ** bruises.

Miao doctors summed up a lot of formulas, such as "can't climb the slope, can't do without the dwarf tuotuo", "can't go up, can't do without the inverted touch umbrella", "hit a broken body, can't do without the four tiles", "to get a loose body, can't do without the wood tong", "the whole body is numb, can't do without the messy hair", etc., here we can see the specimens of the dwarf tuotuo, the inverted touch umbrella, the four tiles, the four-leaf pair, and the wooden tong. Secondly, because the Miao people mostly live in the deep mountains, in the long-term struggle against diseases, they use Miao medicine to prevent and cure diseases, and use more fresh medicines, which are collected with diseases, or planted in front of and behind the house, or planted in the medicine garden for urgent need.

Another characteristic of Miao medicine is that its drugs have peculiar effects and rapid efficacy. For example, the trauma medical skills of Xiangxi Miao Medicine are particularly famous, there are "knife wounds and gunshot wounds, the pain is unsupportable, once the medicine is dressed, the blood pain stops immediately, the swelling gradually disappears, and it heals in a few days". Severe gunshot wounds can not only build muscle, but also cause the bullet to exit after dressing.

Beiyang Premier Xiong Xiling once praised this, saying: "The bullet is self-withdrawn, and it all depends on the skill of Miao Yi Hua Tuo." Because of the remarkable effect of Miao medicine, when Marshal ** was carrying out the agrarian revolutionary struggle in the Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou border area, he also repeatedly instructed the troops to "mobilize Miao medical divisions to advance with the army."

With the in-depth research on Miao medicine, it is believed that in the near future, Miao medicine will make greater contributions to human health.