Scope principle, what is the use of a scope?

Most sights can adjust the angle according to the distance, although the two are not in the same straight line, but precisely because the angle is adjusted, the aiming axis and the barrel are not parallel, and the two non-parallel straight lines must intersect, and the intersection point is exactly at your target!

Supplement. That's because it's impossible for a movie to be so detailed, and if you take the movie as reality, you're wrong.

As for the distance, it is all approximate value, most of them are in units of 100 meters, and as a professional soldier, this estimation ability is always available.

The same is true for rifle sights, mechanical sights still have an adjustment function, for a simple example, AK-47 automatic rifle, his door has an adjustment function, I found a random one, you zoom in, look carefully at his door, is there a set of mechanical devices, that is, adjustable door.

Three points and one line".

The so-called three points are the ruler, the front sight, and the goal. When the three points are connected in a straight line, you can aim at the target.

However, aiming and aiming are two completely different concepts, one is that aiming is restricted by many conditions, such as under the backlight, the front sight will appear ghost, and the gray part in the middle is the real front sight, but the light and dark changes of the front sight are continuous, and it is quite difficult to accurately distinguish the gray part in the middle. Second, a variety of factors may cause the aim to be destroyed at the moment of firing, such as breathing. The third is that the trajectory deviates from the environment after firing, such as the direction of the wind.

Even if you don't consider all of the above questions, aiming is not about where to shoot, because the trajectory of the bullet after shooting is a parabola (after high school, there will be a lot of calculation problems waiting for you in physics class), if the line formed by the "three points" is the x-axis, it is only possible to point where to shoot at the distance between the parabola and the other intersection point of the x-axis (the first intersection point is the muzzle).

Well, here, you can explain why the line of the next three points is not on the same line as the muzzle, why it can still be accurate, move the x-axis downward, and then find a new intersection.

Therefore, at a distance of 100 meters, use ruler 1 to point where to hit, and use ruler 3 to hit the chest ring handle to aim at the white edge below.

Okay, can you hit it right now? Still no, because the front sight is likely to be inaccurate, what to do, so before shooting, you still need to go through a procedure, that is, the school gun, through the calibration of the front sight, in order to be accurate by aiming.

See, there is no inevitable relationship between aiming and accuracy, so real masters don't need to aim, only when shooting or playing with precision and indoors will aim to confirm.

Introduction: Many people want to know how the scope on a rifle is aimed, but it has its own science. And only the scope on the rifle is more accurate, so that the shot is more accurate. So let's find out.

First of all, we need to know that some bullet scopes will have a ray in it, and consider this ray as an approximation. And these two lines will be located on the same horizontal plane, and there will be a crossover in one direction, so there are two crossed lines, and there will be a point in the middle of the scope, this time is the point where the rays in the scope intersect, and at this time, this point is the intersection of the gun rays, which will be more accurate. And we need to know that the principle of the gun sight is generally that the aiming center of the gun and the muzzle of the gun and the target will be in a line at three points.

And the sight is divided into a mechanical sight and an optical sight, in which we will find that the teleopic sight and the general plate sight are different, they are used in a new type of rifle, so this rifle generally uses a dot sight. They will also be affected by a gravitational force, in which the drag in the air is very large, everyone will know, coupled with the effect of air resistance, at this time the bullet will form a parabola in the process of hitting the flight, and this parabola will have a resistance to the location of the target, and this resistance must be controlled to hit the target.

And we need to know that the distance of the shot and the distance of the target need to be erected with a ruler, so that these targets can be hit, and the scope plays an important role in it. Only if the point of seeing is more accurate, it will be more accurate to hit some sightings at this time, and it requires people to strengthen the need for exercise, long-term practice and understanding of the scientific principles in order to hit.

On the rifle, this scope uses the principle of a magnifying glass, which is able to magnify distant objects for easy aiming. Therefore, using this principle can hit the target very accurately.

Aiming is based on the physical principle, the parabolic principle, distance, wind direction, and wind speed, and various factors need to be considered when aiming.

Eyes are aligned within 2 cm of the scope. No matter what position you are in, no matter what position you are in, keep your eyes looking perpendicular to the scope and your hands gripping the butt.

1. Like a telescope, the scope can bring the distant scene closer and magnify the object to a certain multiple. But optical sights and telescopes are two different concepts of light travel instruments, and we all know that telescopes use convex and concave mirrors to get the job done.

2. The bullet and the scope can be approximately regarded as a ray, two rays located in the same plane and in one direction are either parallel or intersecting, in fact, the point in the scope is the intersection of the beam of the scope and the ray of the bullet, and the parabola of the bullet and the line of sight have two focal points, and the target sight.

3. However, because the distance of the target is different, the intersection of the beam of the scope and the ray of the bullet will definitely fall on the target if it is not the first pin, which requires adjusting the distance of the intersection of the ray of the scope and the ray of the bullet. In order to adjust, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the scope according to the distance from the target. If you want to shoot accurately, you also have to consider the influence of the wind direction, which is the so-called deviation.

Eliminate parallax. A gun debugging method, first of all, the gun is placed flat on one surface, aiming at the object or target (you can draw one with a piece of paper), as for the distance of the target, it is more important to estimate the height of the gun chamber and scope, as well as the shooting strength of the gun. Look at the target from the scope, then mark the target with a pen on the target (crosshair), and then shoot a shot (regardless of the shot**).

Aim the mark again in the scope (because the gun is out of position due to the vibration of the gun), at this time you can't move the gun, keep your eyes on the scope, and adjust the up and down spiral keys to the point where you just shot.

There are two things in the middle of the scope that can be rotated, the top one is up and down, and the side one is turned left and right.

If you want to aim accurately and shoot accurately, you must first eliminate the parallax of the optical sight, that is, reset the parallax to zero, so as to ensure that when you aim, when the eye position changes slightly, the aiming position is still accurate, and then you can calibrate the aiming point of the scope and the impact point as much as possible! The scope can not be attached to the eyes like a telescope, the correct way to use it should be to leave a distance of about 4 7cm, because there is recoil when shooting, and the recoil will cause the shooting equipment and the scope to collide backwards, and it is easy to knock the eyes, so the general scope will design a reasonable exit pupil distance.

Some of the numbers commonly seen on the scope body are the parameters of the scope, such as 3-9x40, which means that this is a zoom scope with a minimum of 3 times and a maximum of 9 times, and a lens aperture of 40mm; For example, 4x40 comes with a fixed magnification sight, the magnification is 4x, and the lens aperture is 40mm; There is also our most common distance compensation knob adjustment knob located directly above, and the wind deflection knob located on the right.

When you turn the knob, whether it's the top one or the side one, the offset of the click rotation is 1 4 inches of adjustment. The click value is 1 4moa (1 inch =, the most recent focus is 10y (1y = , that is to say 10y, and the 1 4 click value means the movement of the bounce 100 yards away. If adjustments are required, the process is simple.

If the impact point is below the center of the cross, then the upper adjustment knob adjusts the appropriate amount in the direction of the arrow up; If the impact point is off the right side of the reticle, adjust the left and right wind deviation adjustment knobs to adjust along the left arrow to form a longitudinal and horizontal adjustment composition of the reticle, and vice versa.

Optical sight: A sight that can be seen at night and is accurate.

Electronic Sight: A sight that is accurate to the point.

Red Dot Sight: A sight for precision strikes.

See if there is night vision, magnify a certain multiple, and see if its accurate data is large enough.

The most basic mechanical sight is divided into two parts: the illuminator and the crosshair. There are many designs in both sections. The most typical is the lookout style.

Sights of this class are distinguished by simple maintenance. It was the earliest sight in history. Specifically, each design has its own characteristics.

For example, the sight-and-hole front sight is very good for quick aiming. So a lot of submachine guns are of this design. The problem is that this design is more obstructive to the view.

It is an obstacle to the enemy when shooting from a long distance. So the rifle didn't use this kind of one. Wait a minute.

If you elaborate, you can write a book.

An optical sight is made up of a set of lenses. The principle is similar to that of a telescope, but with higher accuracy requirements. Ability to zoom in on the field of view without distortion.

It is also possible to adjust the front sight by adjusting the position of the internal lens. The influence of external factors such as wind difference on the trajectory can be adjusted at any time. A sniper rifle in the true sense of the word uses sights.

The problem is that this thing is a precision optical instrument. Very squeamish. And high-precision products are expensive.

The principle of the red dot scope is to reflect a beam of light from the bottom of the scope to determine the direction of the launch. This beam will inevitably enter the eye in a direction parallel to the emission baseline. to complete aiming.

There is no way to explain the specific optical principle to you without drawing. Characterised by one of the fastest sights available at the moment. The usual aiming can be said to be a 3-point one-line aim.

Because two points are needed to determine the trajectory. But such a sight is aimed by a beam. Therefore, as long as the red dot in the sight is on the opponent, it is already scattered, and the aim is sensitive.

Suitable for shooting at various distances. There are also models that combine an optical sight with a red dot sight. Better results.

The only problem is the battery. This thing needs batteries.

An electronic sight can be understood as a digital video camera used as a scope. The advantage is that the image can be processed into a digital signal. It is possible to carry out guidance on missiles.

In addition, there are infrared laser-directed sights for night combat and waist aiming. Such sights are important in assault missions at medium and close ranges. Because it is possible to shoot from the waist.

There is no need for aiming maneuvers. Quick response. Digging at night can overcome the effects of insufficient light sources.

And under night vision, the trajectory can be clearly displayed. It can avoid accidental injuries between peers.

So now look at the selection criteria. First of all, you need to understand what your mission requirements are. For long-range sniping, the scope must be able to adjust the distance (not the magnification).

Because the bullet is a parabola, you must raise the muzzle of the gun if you shoot from a distance. So the sights should also be adjusted according to the range) and wind deflection. If you fight for a long time, you won't be able to use a sight that consumes batteries.

If you are fighting at night, it is best to use the night vision function. If programmable munitions are required, they must be aimed electronically.

The scope can be calibrated in the following ways:

Place a target paper at the distance that you usually need to shoot, and then shoot two bullets at the target paper to get two landing points, and then observe whether the landing points of the first Zheng buried and the second bullet coincide

1. If the two landing points coincide. You only need to adjust the center of the sight cross to coincide with the landing point of the target paper to repent.

2. If the two landing points do not coincide. Then shoot the third shot, take the center point of the landing point of the three shots, that is, the center point of the triangle, and then adjust the center of the sight cross to coincide with the midpoint.

In addition, if you need accurate aiming, you can call the front ant and ask a professional to help calibrate it.