What are the introductions to mold? What are the characteristics of mold

Mold is the most colorful in the microbial world, and the first microorganisms that people recognize and use are also molds. 2,000 years ago, Aspergillus used to make sauce in ancient China, mucormold used to make fermented bean curd and tempeh, and Rhizopus used to make sweet wine every day, were all molds. Penicillin, the first antibiotic to be discovered and used, was produced by Penicillium in molds.

Mold can easily grow on sugary things, we have all had such experiences, such as bread and fruits, which grow green hair after two days, hot and humid summer, even the furniture is fluffy and mildew, not to mention the grain in the farmer's uncle's granary, there is information that about 2% of the total grain is wasted due to mildew in the world, what a loss!

So let's see what mold is, right?

Molds belong to eukaryotic microorganisms and are a general term for filamentous fungi that consist of branched or unbranched hyphae. Most mold hyphae contain a septum, which separates the hyphae into multiple monocytes, and there are small holes in the septum to connect adjacent cells, which is called septal hyphae; Other mold hyphae do not have a septum, and the whole hyphae appear as continuous multinucleated single cells, which are called septaless hyphae.

The growth of hyphae is carried out by terminal elongation, intertwining with each other to form villous, flocculent or spiderweb-like colonies, dozens of times larger than bacterial and actinomycete colonies.

Many girls have **inflammation, every time they use medicine, but they stop it, and then they still use Heyingfang women's antibacterial lotion, which has been used for two months, that is, washed every few days, and now it is not itchy.

Hello dear, I am happy to answer for you, what are the characteristics of mold: The main characteristics of mold are: 1. Diversity of forms:

Molds can form large, complex fibrosporophyte hyphae, or branched sporophytes, monosporophytes, or protoplasm droplets, which vary in size and shape. 2. Wide range of growth temperature: the suitable temperature for mold growth is very quiet, most species grow in the temperature range of 4-40oC, some species have a wider range of high and low temperatures, and some bacteria can grow in the temperature range of 0-50.

3. The growth conditions are relatively permissible: the growth of mold has low requirements for humidity and can survive in very dry air, most of which are in the humidity range of 30-80%, and have strong tolerance. 4. Strong drug resistance:

Because molds have permear-permeated fat bodies, drugs have insufficient bactericidal properties against them, and some drugs even lose their bactericidal function.

Mold is made up of cells.

Mold is not a taxonomic name, but someFilamentous fungiA general term for .

The hyphae of the mold are long, branched, 2 10 microns in width, and can continuously grow and branch from the front end. No septum or septum, with 1 to more nuclei and converging into mycelium.

When grown on a solid substrate, its hyphae are divided into two categories. Some of the hyphae penetrate deep into the substrate to absorb nutrients, which are called stromal hyphae or vegetative hyphae; The aerial hyphae that stretch into the air are called aerial hyphae, which can further develop into reproductive hyphae and produce spores. A large number of hyphae are interwoven into villous, flocculent, or reticulated, etc., which is called mycelium.

Mycelium is often white, brown, gray, or bright in color (mucor is white hairy colony, green is Penicillium, yellow is Aspergillus flavus), and some can produce pigments to color the matrix.

Mold pattern diagram.

Molds, i.e., multicellular fungi, are composed of hyphae and spores and are intertwined into a clump, so they are also called filamentous fungi.

There are many types of molds, about 45,000 species, and the common molds are Rhizopus, Fusarium, Ergot Fungus, Mucor, Elegularus, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus oryzae, etc. Mold is a general term for fungi that form branched hyphae, not a taxonomic term, and belong to various subphylum of the phylum Fungal phylum taxonomically. The basic unit that makes up the mold is called hyphae, which are long tubular and 2-10 microns in width, which can continuously grow and branch from the front end.

There are many types of molds, about 45,000 species, and the common molds are Rhizopus, Fusarium, Ergot Fungus, Mucor, Elegularus, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus oryzae, etc. Mold is a general term for fungi that form branched hyphae, not a taxonomic term, and belong to various subphylum of the phylum Fungal phylum taxonomically. The basic unit that makes up the mold is called hyphae, which are long tubular and 2-10 microns in width, which can continuously grow and branch from the front end.

Mold is a type of fungus that is characterized by a well-developed mycelium and no larger fruiting body. Like other fungi, they also have cell walls, parasitism or saprophytic modes of survival. Mold can turn food into toxic substances, and some may produce toxins in food, known as mycotoxins.

Since the discovery of aflatoxins, there has been a growing concern about food contamination by molds and mycotoxins. It causes great harm to human health, mainly manifested as chronic poisoning, carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic.

The mold family is very large, and here we will introduce you to several common molds that are closely related to human relationships. Mucormyces can produce protease, amylase, etc., which can be used to make delicious tofu and tempeh, and is a well-known seasoning master; The amylase activity of Rhizopus is very strong, and the saccharification effect in industrial production is completed by it; Penicillium produces penicillin, the first antibiotic discovered and utilized by man, and it is still serving us diligently; Beauveria bassiana is a well-known entomopathogenic fungus, which can produce toxins and antibiotics, because insect larvae infected with this bacterium will have white hairs all over the body, stiffen and die, so it is named Beauveria bassiana, which has become one of the best pesticides in fungi to treat insects; Aspergillus can produce a variety of enzymes and antibiotics, as well as citric acid and other organic acids, which are extremely versatile in industry.