What materials are needed for straw fermentation? Step technology

First of all, let's take a look at the definition of biogas fermentation: biogas is organic matter under certain regulations (anaerobic, temperature 8--55 degrees, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio 25--30:1, pH 7 or so.

etc.) A flammable gas produced by microbial fermentation. The main component is about 55% methane.

Second, look at the straw. The straw you are referring to here should refer to agricultural straw (e.g., wheat, rice straw).

Theoretically, straw is organic matter and has the conditions for biogas fermentation. However, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of straw is relatively high, generally around 63:1.

Therefore, when biogas fermentation, it can be solved by adding nitrogen (such as: adding urea, livestock and poultry manure, etc., generally about 5 kg of urea per 100 kg of straw, or 300 kg of pig manure). In this way, the raw materials for biogas fermentation are available.

Third, look at the inoculum. The so-called inoculum is like the old yeast needed to make steamed buns. Inoculum is an essential raw material for biogas fermentation.

Biogas fermentation inoculum** is used in the biogas slurry in the normal fermentation biogas digester, etc. If there is no biogas slurry, it can be solved by using gutter sludge or activated river mud. Straw is used as the main raw material, and the amount of inoculum is more than one-third.

If it is less than one-third, a small amount of inoculum can be used, and then 1:1 pig manure can be added, and after fermentation for a week, pig manure can be added. Fermentation is added gradually to reach one-third of the total fermentation.

Third, straw pretreatment. In my experience, pre-treatment is not a very necessary process. If you are afraid of the trouble of discharging, you can cut it shorter appropriately. If you are afraid of floating on the upper part of the digester during fermentation, you can add water to the pond and pile it up.

In conclusion, I think the process of straw fermentation is: cutting short - piling --- into the pool - adding inoculum - sealing fermentation.

Biogas fermentation is a multidisciplinary technology, and it is not possible to produce gas normally with raw materials. The most important thing for straw biogas is pretreatment, which can crush, acidify and hydrolyze the straw into the biogas digester. The production of small-scale straw biogas is basically a money-losing business.

1. Straw mainly refers to the stems and leaves of seed crops, such as rice straw, corn stalks, wheat stalks, etc. Because straw has a high crude fiber content, low protein content, and low digestibility, it is generally treated when feeding. Its main purpose is to promote digestion, preserve nutrients and increase palatability.

2. The treatment methods of straw include physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment.

3. Physical treatment method. Chopping, crumbling and crushing is one of the easiest and most important ways to process straw feed. Treatment increases feed intake and reduces feed waste during feeding. In addition, there are more commonly used methods such as soaking, granulation and briquetting.

4. Chemical treatment. There are mainly alkalizing treatment and ammoniation treatment.

5. There are two treatment methods for alkalizing treatment: sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide (lime water). However, the palatability of the straw treated by these two methods is poor, and it is not used much in production.

6. Ammoniation treatment: urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia, liquid ammonia, etc. are commonly used as ammonia sources to treat straw. After treatment, it should be used to feed cattle after the ammonia (gas) is dissipated and dismantled, so as to prevent ammonia poisoning.

7. Biological treatment method. The essence of the biological treatment method is the microbial treatment method for the lion shirt, including silage, fermentation treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis treatment.

8. Silage: Store the green straw when it is fresh and keep it green and juicy for a long time. This is a better way to maintain the nutrient content and palatability of straw.

9. Fermentation treatment: that is, through the action of beneficial microorganisms, soften the straw, improve palatability, and improve the utilization rate of feed.

10. Enzymatic hydrolysis treatment: it is to dissolve the cellulose decomposition enzyme in water and spray straw to improve its digestibility.

11. At present, the widely used and effective straw treatment methods are silage and ammonia.

Corn stover is an optimal bai

Good du silage crops. From the milk ripening stage.

Zhi to wax maturity corn stalks

All of them can be made into silage with excellent internal quality.

At present, most of the corn stalks after harvesting are used to prepare silage. When the corn ears are ripe and only 1 2 leaves in the lower part of the corn stalk turn yellow, not only can the maximum nutrient yield per unit area be obtained, but also the moisture content is about 70%) and soluble carbohydrates are appropriate, which is conducive to lactic acid bacteria fermentation and is easy to make high-quality silage. At the time of harvesting, the corn stalks that have been completely yellowed or moldy and spoiled should be removed.

After adding Huaju straw micro-storage treasure high-activity fermentation strains to the straw, the number of bacteria decomposing cellulose in the straw was greatly increased. Under suitable temperature, humidity and closed anaerobic conditions, the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the straw are greatly degraded to produce sugars, which are then converted into lactic acid and volatile fatty acids, so that the pH value drops to 4 5-5 0, and inhibits the reproduction of harmful bacteria and spoilage bacteria. After micro-storage, the straw is converted into high-quality roughage, which not only improves the feed value, but also is not easy to spoil, and can be stored and fed for a long time.

How to use:

1: First of all, a package of Nongshengle straw starter agent, add one kilogram of brown sugar, ten kilograms of sterile water, seal fermentation for 3 to 5 days, and ferment into liquid liquid for use, one kilogram of bacterial liquid can ferment 200 kg of feed.

2: Fermented feed.

First of all, take out one kilogram of fermented bacterial liquid, dilute it with water 1:100 (the specific proportion depends on the dryness and humidity of the fermentation material), and then stir it with about 200 kg of raw materials (bean dregs, straw, water, etc.).

In order to improve the fermentation nutrition, 10% to 15% corn flour can be added during the fermentation process.

The humidity is controlled at about 40%-60%, hold a handful, feel wet, no water dripping down, hold hard, and you can't hold water.

Fermentation takes 5 to 7 days in winter and 3 to 5 days in spring and autumn. Fermentation for 1 to 3 days in summer.

3: Animal drinking.

Directly put the fermented bacterial liquid in a ratio of about 1:200. It is added to animal drinking water and can improve digestion and improve immunity for long-term use.

Effect: Enrich nutrients, save costs, reduce roughage toxins, improve disease resistance, increase the palatability of feed, and facilitate long-term storage.

Characteristics of straw starter fermented green fodder.

1: Good palatability = softened straw, green fodder is soft and has a sour aroma.

2: Good nutrition = fermentation produces a variety of nutrients.

3: Cost-effective = fermentation of 2-3 tons of green fodder.

4: Easy to operate.

5: Long storage time = seal can be kept for one year.

6: Good absorption = good digestion.

Cut off the raw materials, add an appropriate amount of water, put them in the cellar and compact, seal and cover.