What is the standard font common in the Qin Dynasty

Seal script. It is also called "Qin Seal". It was passed in the Qin Dynasty.

The shape is long, evenly round, and it is derived from a large seal. Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty said: "The first emperor of Qin Shi was the first ,...... of the worldThose who do not cooperate with Qin Wen.

Li) Si made "Cangjie Chapter", CRRC Fu Ling Zhao Gao made (Love Chapter), Taishi Ling Hu Wujing made "Erudite Chapter", all take the history of the big seal, or quite provincial change, the so-called small seal also. "Today (Langya Tai carved stone), Mount Tai carved stone" remnant stone (pictured), that is, the representative work of the small seal.

The small seal engraved on the Qin Quan, it is said that the small seal written by Li Si was after Qin Shi Huang unified China, the implementation of the "book with the same text, the car with the same track", the policy of unifying weights and measures, by the prime minister Li Si was in charge, on the basis of the original use of the Qin State on the basis of the big seal, to simplify, cancel the other six countries of the variant characters, the creation of a unified Chinese character writing form. It was popular in China until the end of the Western Han Dynasty, when it was gradually replaced by Lishu. However, due to its beautiful font, it has always been favored by calligraphers.

And because its strokes are complex, the form is ancient, and can be added at will, the seal engraving, especially the official seal that needs to be anti-counterfeiting, has been using the seal script until the feudal dynasty is destroyed, and the emergence of new anti-counterfeiting technology in modern times. The Kangxi dictionary also notes the small seal writing method for all words.

The standard font of the Qin Dynasty was Xiao Seal. After Qin Shi Huang unified the six countries, the currency, writing, and measuring instruments of each country were very confused. Qin Shi Huang issued a unified national weights and measures.

Based on the original metric standard of the Qin State. As a standard instrument for use in the whole country, the old currencies of the six countries were abolished, and the round square hole money was used as a unified currency. The width of the wheels was also unified.

It is stipulated that the whole country has the same track. Then the script was unified, and the whole country reached the same text. It has changed the phenomenon that different countries have different scripts, different ways of reading, and different writings.

At that time, the script was unified, and the small seal was used as the official standard. And write it into a text model and promote it to the whole country. The formulation of the small seal was the first time in China that there was a system to standardize the writing of characters. It is also a turning point in the transformation of Chinese characters from ancient to modern characters.

However, the writing of the small seal is more cumbersome, requiring the font to be rectangular, the strokes are horizontal and vertical, the circle is uniform, and the thickness is consistent. All the strokes are mainly circles, the circle starts and the circle closes, the square is round, and the circle is square. The font pays attention to balance and symmetry, the arc strokes are symmetrical left and right, symmetrical up and down, and the left and right inclination should be symmetrical.

In the calligraphy world, the "beauty of Longde", which called Xiao Seal "Wan'er Tong", won everyone's love. Many steles in later generations are inscribed with small seals, just because it has an elegant and solemn feeling.

Each turn is circular in small seal writing, and the speed of stroke writing will be slower. And it is also difficult to carve small seals on bamboo slips. Later, for the convenience of writing and engraving, the round corners were changed to square.

Slowly, it gradually evolved into another method of writing, called Lishu. He writes more concisely and faster than the small seal. And the font is more generous.

Soon, readers all over the world accepted this new font, and in the form of informal officialdom, Lishu gradually became popular among readers. By the end of the Qin Dynasty, Lishu began to gradually replace the position of the small seal. Even the official writing embraced this new font.

In the end, it became a unified way for the people to write. It has been flourishing in the Han Dynasty, flourishing in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and there is still this kind of writing in the Tang Dynasty.

The standard font of the Qin Dynasty was Xiao Seal, and after the Qin Dynasty unified the whole country, it also unified the text, and the Xiao Seal was used.

After the Qin State unified China, it carried out a series of reforms, which was to unify the script in terms of culture, and the simplified font Xiao Seal was used as the standard font and was used throughout the country.

Xiao Seal, the Qin Dynasty was a very powerful country, the Qin Dynasty was very famous, Qin Shi Huang was the first emperor to unify the six countries.

Xiao Seal, Qin Shi Huang.

After the unification of the Six Kingdoms (222 BC), the implementation of "the book with the same text, the car with the same track", by the Prime Minister Li Si.

Responsible, in the state of Qin.

On the basis of the original use of the Great Seal script, it was simplified, and it was ordered to use the "small seal" of the Qin State as the standard to unify the national script.

Based on the large seal commonly used by the Qin people during the Warring States Period, Li Si absorbed the advantages of the simple and simple strokes of the tadpole script that was common in Qilu and other places, and created a new script with a uniform shape and simple strokes, called "Qin Seal", also known as "Small Seal", as the official standard text, and abolished other variant characters at the same time. Thank you.

Qin Xiaozhen. The Qin State used the big seal before, for example, the stone drum text is the big seal, and after the Qin unified China and established the Qin Dynasty, the unified text was the Qin small seal, and the Langya moment was. During the Qin Dynasty, Qin Lishu had already been produced, which was the predecessor of the later Han Dynasty.

The production of Lishu is the result of the practical application of bamboo slips. The seal is written to be more curved and round, the bamboo slip itself is hard, the round pen becomes a straight pen when written on the bamboo slip, the song becomes a hook, and the official book comes into being.

After the unification of the Qin state, the unified standard script was the small seal. After Qin Shi Huang unified China, Prime Minister Li Si was in charge of simplifying the original use of the Great Seal script in Qin, canceling the other six languages and creating a unified Chinese character writing form.

Based on the large seal commonly used by the Qin people during the Warring States Period, Li Si absorbed the advantages of the simple and simple strokes of the tadpole script that was common in Qilu and other places, and created a new script with a uniform shape and simple strokes, called "Qin Seal", also known as "Small Seal", as the official standard text, and abolished other variant characters at the same time.

The stipulation is a small seal, in fact, a general official book.

Seal script. After Qin Shi Huang became emperor, he abolished the original scripts of various countries and unanimously changed to the small seal of Qin.

The standard font after the unification of Qin Shi Huang is called Xiao Seal.

The small seal is after Qin Shi Huang unified China (221 BC) to implement the policy of "the same book with the text, the same track as the car" unified weights and measures, by the prime minister Li Si was in charge, on the basis of the original use of the Qin State on the basis of the big seal, to simplify, cancel the other six languages, and create a unified script of Chinese characters.

The significance of seal script in the creation of calligraphy is to convey a primitive and mysterious beauty, and to inspire people to think about some extraordinary problems. Its value is of two categories: practical and artistic. The practical value is reflected in the plaques and inscriptions used in some occasions that need to express classical style, elegant style, spring and snow; The artistry is embodied in the calligraphy works in the form of seal scripts.

Features of the small seal:

1. Rectangle, with a square letter and a half as the degree, a word as the body, and a half word as the hanging foot, the approximate ratio is about 3:2.

2. The strokes are horizontal and vertical, the round strength is uniform, and the thickness of the beam is basically the same. All horizontal paintings grinding scum and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, all strokes are mainly circles, circles are round, circles are round, and circles are square, so that the circle is alive and interesting.

3. Balance and symmetry, space blind socks division balance and symmetry are the unique charm of seal script. Symmetry exists not only in left-right symmetry, top-down symmetry, but also in the local symmetry of the word, the symmetry of the left and right inclination of the arc stroke.

4. Tight at the top and loose at the bottom, most of the main part of the small seal is in the upper half, and the lower half is the telescopic hanging foot. Of course, there are also characters without feet, the main stroke is in the lower part, and the upper stroke can be raised.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - small seal.

Summary. The development of calligraphy in the Han Dynasty has gone through several periods, at first, the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, the first use of seal script, and later the seal script showed a trend of decline, and the official script was vigorously developed, and entered the heyday in the Eastern Han Dynasty; Cursive script (章草) developed into a more mature font in the Han Dynasty; Regular script and line script also began to sprout.

The development of Liang Xian's calligraphy in the Han Dynasty has gone through several periods, at first, the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, the first seal script was used, and later the seal script showed a declining trend, and the official script was vigorously developed, and entered the heyday in the Eastern Han Dynasty; Cursive script (章草) developed into a more mature script of Sitan during the Han Dynasty; Regular script and line script also began to sprout.

Han Cheng Qin contains reed system, the small seal is one of the important application of the text Yu Lao Na, after the Eastern Han Dynasty was gradually replaced by the official book, but the town is still used on many special and important occasions, so the two Han Dynasty is also a period worth paying attention to for the small seal book. Its calligraphy remains mainly include: inscriptions, tablets, bronze inscriptions, brick inscriptions, tiles, ink, etc.

It is called: small seal.

Xiao Zhuyu pointed out that after Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms (221 BC), he implemented the policy of "the same book and the same track" and unified the measurement and balance of the Qing Dynasty, which was responsible for Prime Minister Li Si.

Statue of Lis. On the basis of the Great Seal script originally used in the Qin State, it was simplified and a unified Chinese character writing form was created. It was popular from the Qin Dynasty until the end of the Western Han Dynasty (about 8 AD), and it was gradually replaced by Lishu.

However, because of its beautiful font and ancient charm, it has always been favored by calligraphers. And because of its complex strokes, the form is ancient, and can be added at will, the seal engraving, especially the official seal that needs to be anti-counterfeiting, has been using the seal script until the fall of the feudal dynasty, and the emergence of new anti-counterfeiting technology in modern times.

A small seal engraved on Qin Quan.