What is the difference between infectious diseases caused by bacteria and infectious diseases caused

Biologically, bacteria, viruses, and parasites can cause disease in humans.

and other microorganisms are collectively referred to as pathogens.

These pathogens are tiny and belong to microorganisms.

What is the difference between infectious diseases caused by bacteria and infectious diseases caused by viruses?

First, the most important method of the disease

Bacterial diseases: anti-pathogen adoption**. Scientists.

A substance that can inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria or even kill bacteria is extracted from the fungus, and it is called antibiotic, also called antibiotic.

Antibiotics are specifically effective against bacteria, so antibiotics can be used for bacterial diseases**.

Viral diseases: At present, there is no specific drug that specifically kills the virus, and all drugs used for viral diseases are achieved by enhancing the body's immunity, the body's immune system.

It can kill the virus that enters the body, so as to achieve the purpose of ** disease.

Second, the main characteristics of the disease

Bacterial diseases:

1. The end of the incubation period, according to past history.

Rapid diagnosis; 2. Antibiotics can be used, pay attention to alternate use of antibiotics;

3. Yes.

Viral Diseases:

1. Due to the long incubation period, it is not easy to be discovered;

2. Once the disease occurs, the disease progresses rapidly and is not easy;

3. Because there is no specific drug for the virus, it is difficult to prevent and treat it;

4. Prevention is more important than cure.

In terms of pathogen culture:

Viruses: Viruses are made up of protein shells and genetic material inside, which generally do not aggregate into groups, and viruses require the help of electron microscopy.

Observing the morphology of its external proteins, the morphological types of virus particles can be roughly divided into: helical symmetrical shells, icosonal symmetrical shells, composite symmetrical shells, etc.

Human disease is nothing more than bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites these pathogens are caused, we must pay attention to protection and maintain personal hygiene during daily work and diet, which is called cutting off the transmission route in infectious diseases. General diseases can be prevented, and some viral diseases, because there is no specific drug, prevention is more important than **.

May we be in good health.

Medications are not the same. Infectious diseases caused by bacteria are usually treated with antimicrobial drugs, also known as antibiotics**. The infectious diseases caused by the virus are more self-healing, and there are few specific drugs, but they can be prevented by vaccines.

For example, hepatitis B, which has plagued our people for many years, has no specific drug until now, but hepatitis B vaccine has a certain preventive effect).

The invasion of bacteria mainly causes humoral immunity, whereas viruses mainly cause cellular immunity. Infectious diseases of viruses are more variable, and it is more difficult to cause immunity in the body.

The first point of bacterial infectious disease is the infection caused by a simple bacteria, so that the designated bacteria can be well recovered through **, and the second point of the infectious disease caused by the virus, due to a special virus, is the epidemic explosive is particularly fast, which is the difference between the two.

Viral and bacterial double infection can be taken orally some anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-diarrheal drugs for **, if the medication is not obvious for 3 5 days, it is recommended to take the baby to the hospital for examination, and you can also inject some injections**, positive**, to prevent aggravation of the condition caused by dehydration.

1. Viral infections mostly have symptoms of soreness and fatigue, but few have purulent discharge.

2. Bacterial infection has fever, chills and other manifestations, and purulent discharge is more common, such as purulent nasal discharge, yellow purulent sputum, etc.

Second, the use of antibiotics is different

1. It is generally ineffective for people with virus infection.

2. For patients with bacterial infection, the symptoms will be significantly improved within 72 hours.

Third, the laboratory indicators are different

1. The proportion of leukocytes and neutrophils in virus-infected patients is basically in the normal range, and C-reactive protein rarely exceeds 50mg L.

2. Bacterial infections are the opposite.

Fourth, the pathogenic mechanism is different

1. Viral infection.

Different species of viruses interact with host cells and can take different forms. In addition to the termination of infection after entering non-accommodating cells, it can also be manifested as cytolytic infection, steady-state infection, apoptosis, cell proliferation and transformation, integration of viral genes, and formation of inclusion bodies.

2. Bacterial infection.

1) Human factors:

When the mucosa is damaged or purulent inflammation occurs, bacteria are easy to invade the body; The immune response of the human body can be divided into two types: non-specific immune response and specific immune response, and the latter can be divided into cellular immunity and humoral immunity. When the body's immune function declines, it cannot give full play to its role of phagocytosis and killing bacteria, even if the amount of invading bacteria is small, the pathogenicity is not strong, it can cause infection; The iatrogenic infection caused by conditionally pathogenic bacteria has also gradually increased.

2) Bacterial factors:

It is mainly related to the virulence and number of pathogenic bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria with strong virulence or large numbers enter the body and are more likely to cause sepsis. Whether bacteria cause infection after invading the human body is related to human defense, immune function, virulence and number of bacteria.

The intact ** and mucous membranes are the natural barrier against the invasion of bacteria into the human body, and after breakage, bacteria are easy to invade the body from here, and there is a greater possibility of bacterial invasion when squeezing ** the site of inflammation or abscess.

Viruses and bacteria are both microorganisms and can only be seen under a microscope. But the two are very different things.

The difference between viruses and bacteria is that viruses have no cell structure, just proteins and nucleic acids, and even only one of them is composed of a very simple structure of organisms, which can be said to be the lowest organisms, but its ability is not small, and human diseases are related to it from small colds to large cancers.

Bacteria, is a simple organism composed of single cells or multiple cells, like plants, has a cell wall, while human cells do not have a cell wall, this is the principle of many antibiotic sterilization, such as destroying its cell wall or preventing the synthesis of cell wall, bacteria will die, and people do not have this structure, so it has no effect on people.

In this way, you will first understand the general meaning and difference between bacteria and viruses, and talk about their ability to cause disease to the human body.

Most of people's colds are caused by viruses, but in the middle and late stages of the cold, they will continue to be infected with bacteria, that is, secondary bacterial infections. When the doctor sees your child, he usually prescribes a blood test for you, and when you come back, he will tell you what the infection is.

Because the human body is infected with different things, it reacts differently: with a viral infection, lymphocytes will rise; bacterial infection, neutrophils will be elevated; chronic validation, monocytes will be elevated; In parasitic infections, eosinophils are elevated. It is through this result that the doctor determines what infection is the main cause of your infection, and then chooses the drug according to the cause of the disease.

So you don't have to wonder why the doctor will say that there is a bacterial infection, and then a viral infection, how it always changes, in fact, it is as simple as that.

If you have any questions, you can follow up.

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Bacterial infections are localized viral infections and systemic infections.

The differences between bacterial infection and viral infection are as follows: 1. Symptoms: Viral infections mostly have body aches and fatigue.

internal, but rarely purulent discharge; Bacterial infection has fever, chills and other manifestations, and purulent discharge is more common, such as purulent nasal discharge, yellow purulent sputum, etc.; 2. The use of antibiotics: the use of viral infections is generally ineffective; Patients with bacterial infections usually have significant improvement in symptoms within 72 hours; 3. Laboratory indicators: the proportion of leukocytes and neutrophils in virus-infected patients is basically in the normal range, and C-reactive protein rarely exceeds 50mg L; Bacterial infections are the opposite.

1. The difference between bacterial infection and viral infection is that the infected microorganisms are different, bacteria are composed of cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, while viruses are the tiniest and simplest non-cellular microorganisms. The virus is characterized by its small size, can pass through a sterilization filter, has a simple structure, contains only one type of nucleic acid, and intracellular parasitic is not sensitive to antibiotics but to interferon. Whereas, bacterial infections are antibiotic sensitivity.

2 Bacterial infections can be transmitted in the following ways:

Clause. 1. Respiratory tract, many pathogenic bacteria are transmitted through respiratory tract infections and from respiratory tract to respiratory tract, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transmitted through the air, droplets, coughing, sneezing, and it is also very easy to cause the spread of infection and cause epidemics, such as bovine brain.

Clause. 2. Digestive tract, some pathogenic bacteria enter and exit from the digestive tract, contaminate food, drinking water, etc., and then pass into the host through food, drinking water, etc., which is called the fecal-oral route, such as Enterobacteriaceae.

Clause. 3. Mechanical damage can lead to the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, such as pathogenic staphylococci and so on.

Clause. 4. Blood, which is infected through blood transfusion injections and the use of blood products, such as syphilis.

3. Whether the bacterial infection is serious or not depends on the type of bacteria infected and the location of infection. In the case of tetanus bacillus, some stubborn bacterial infections can have serious clinical symptoms, and even some superbugs that are sensitive to various antibiotics can also have more serious consequences. If the bacteria infect important organs such as the heart, a series of more serious clinical symptoms can appear, such as infective endocarditis, etc., which is more serious.

If the infection is a common upper respiratory tract infection, the symptoms are mild and not very serious.

4 Bacterial infection refers to the biological phenomenon in which bacteria interact with the host at multiple levels of individuals, cells and molecules, and the infected bacteria can come from the host or from the colonizing bacteria in the host. Depending on the site of infection, there can be different symptoms, such as an infection in the mouth, and a toothache may occur. Upper respiratory tract infections may present with cough, sore throat, and fever.

Lung infections can include cough, sputum production, or even coughing up blood and fever. Gastrointestinal infections can present with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. Urinary tract infection, which can cause urinary frequency, urgency, painful urination, fever, etc.

Depending on the location of the infection, different symptoms may occur.

1. The pathogens are different, one is a bacterial infection and the other is due to a viral infection.

2. The clinical manifestations are different, bacterial infections are often accompanied by high fever, chills, etc., and viral infections will have fatigue and muscle aches.

3. The auxiliary examination indicators are different, especially the blood routine is different, bacterial infection, elevated white blood cells and neutrophils, viral infection, lymphocytes and monocytes are elevated.

4. ** program, antibiotics are used for bacterial infections, and antiviral drugs are used for viral infections.

Viral infections and bacterial infections are easily confused, so what is the difference between viral infections and bacterial infections?

Viral infections and bacterial infections are not completely different in terms of symptoms. These two pathogenic microorganisms can infect the human body and cause fever, and according to the location of infection, there will be corresponding systemic symptoms, such as respiratory tract infections can cause cough, runny nose, sneezing, digestive tract infections can cause nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension and diarrhea, nervous system infections, poor spirit, malaise and convulsions, etc. To distinguish whether it is a bacterial infection or a viral infection, you can do relevant laboratory tests, such as blood routine, most of the white blood cells infected by the virus are normal, and individual viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus can cause a significant increase in white blood cells, while most of the white blood cells of bacterial infection are increased, and neutrophils are mainly elevated in the genus.

Other infection indicators, such as C-reactive protein, are normal or slightly increased in viral infection, while in bacterial infection, protein is significantly increased, and procalcitonin is normal in viral infection and can be significantly increased in bacterial infection. In the case of viral infection, some can be confirmed by viral culture or nucleic acid detection, while bacterial infection needs to be confirmed by secretions or blood culture, so we generally judge whether it is bacterial infection or viral infection based on clinical manifestations and the results of auxiliary examinations.