The five pairs of categories of human centered materialist dialectics

The basic five categories of materialist dialectics: first.

I. Causes and Effects, No.

II. Inevitability and Contingency, No.

III. Possibility and Reality, No.

IV. Phenomenon and Essence, No.

5. Content and form... Look 、、、

It is best to cover these five areas with a single example.

For example, autumn has arrived, and the leaves of the trees have begun to fall.

Cause and effect: Autumn is the cause, and the yellowing and falling leaves are the result.

Inevitability and contingency: There is an accident where the leaves fall, but under the action of a certain wind, they will inevitably fall somewhere, which is inevitable.

Possibility and reality: The leaves may fall in all directions of the tree, which is the possibility, but in the end it only falls in one place, which is the reality.

Content and form: The leaves themselves are the content, there are big and small, yellow and green, this is the form.

Phenomenon and essence: the leaves turn yellow, this is the phenomenon, it is the decrease in chlorophyll, this is the essence.

1. Content and form: Content determines form, form serves content, content must be expressed through form, form has a reaction to content, content and form exist in a unity and are inseparable.

2. Phenomenon and Essence: Essence and Phenomenon are categories that reveal the interrelationship between the internal connection and external manifestation of objective things, and the two are both opposite and unified. Phenomena are external, individual, concrete, one-sided, abundant, and vivid, while essence is internal, general, deep, and simple.

But the two are unified, there is no phenomenon that is detached from the essence and there is no detached from the essence of the phenomenon, the phenomenon is the exposure and manifestation of the essence, and the essence of things is hidden behind the phenomenon, and the two are inseparable.

3. Cause and effect: The opposition is manifested in the fact that within a specific boundary and scope, cause and effect have a definite boundary and sequence, the cause is the cause, and the result is the effect, which can neither be confused nor reversed.

Their unity is manifested in the fact that they are interdependent, interrelated, interacting, and transforming each other under certain conditions.

4. Possibility and reality: The opposition is manifested in the fact that possibility is something that is latent and has not yet become a reality, and reality is something that already exists. The unity is manifested in the fact that the two are interdependent, interrelated, interpenetrating, and transformed into each other under certain conditions.

5. Chance and inevitability: It is a pair of categories that reveal the different trends of the occurrence, development and extinction of things, and the opposition is manifested in the fact that the two arise on different grounds, and their status and role in the development of things are different.

The unity is manifested in the fact that the two are interdependent and penetrate each other, and can transform and transition each other under certain conditions.

.(1) Look at the problem from the perspective of connection. Adhere to the unity of the whole and the part, and use the method of systematic optimization to link the four factors affecting the development of the artemisinin industry and consider it as a whole.

2) Look at the problem from the perspective of development. The development of the artemisinin industry is a process, and although some difficulties are encountered, it is necessary to actively create conditions to promote the development of the industry.

3) Look at the problem from the point of view of unity of opposites. It is necessary to see the advantages of the industry in raw materials and other aspects, and also to see the disadvantages in marketing, related industry support, etc., and improve the weak links.

4) Establish a sense of innovation. Innovate the development strategy of enterprises, increase research and development efforts, update the production equipment and production technology of the artemisinin industry, and improve the competitiveness of the artemisinin industry.

Phenomena and essences.

Materialist dialectics points out that phenomena and essence are a pair of categories that reveal the interrelationship between the external and internal connections of objective things. Essence is the fundamental nature of things or the internal connections that make up the basic elements of things, and phenomena are the external connections and surface characteristics of things.

Phenomena and essences are opposites; Phenomenon and essence are unified.

Content and form.

Materialist dialectics states that content and form are a pair of categories that reveal the internal elements of things and their structure and their expression. Content is the sum of the intrinsic elements of things, and form refers to the organization and structure of the intrinsic elements. Things always have a certain content and form.

Content and form are opposites; The content and form are unified.

Causes and effects.

Materialist dialectics points out that cause and effect are a pair of categories that reveal that things that are universally related in the objective world have succession and mutual constraints. Cause refers to the phenomenon that causes a certain phenomenon, and effect refers to the phenomenon caused by the action of the cause.

There is a cause that must cause a certain result (or effect), and there is an effect that must be caused by a certain cause.

Cause and effect are opposites; The cause and effect are unified.

Possibility and reality.

Materialist dialectics points out that possibility and reality are a pair of categories that reveal the process of transformation of objective things from possibility to reality. Possibility refers to the various possible development trends contained in things, and reality refers to the possibilities that have been realized, that is, the things and processes that actually exist.

Possibility and reality are opposites; Possibility and reality are unified.

Serendipity and inevitability.

Materialist dialectics points out that contingency and necessity are a pair of categories that reveal the different tendencies of occurrence, development and demise of objective things. The trend that must occur in the development of things is inevitability; Trends that may or may not occur in the course of things, or that may appear in a variety of different ways, are fortuitous.

What is the essence of materialist dialectics?

The essence and core of materialist dialectics is the law of contradiction, that is, the law of the unity of opposites. Materialist dialectics points out that all things that exist are composed of a pair of contradictions that are both opposed to each other and unified with each other.

The two sides of the contradiction are both opposing and unified, thus driving the development of things. Therefore, the law of the unity of opposites reveals the source and motive force of the development of things.

The essence of materialist dialectics.

Why is the law of the unity of opposites the essence of materialist dialectics?

The law of the unity of opposites reveals the fundamental content of universal connections and the internal dynamics of eternal development, and fundamentally explains the question of why things develop; The law of the unity of opposites is the central thread that runs through the law of mutual change of quality, the law of negation of negation, and the basic categories of materialist dialectics, and it is also the "key" to understanding these laws and categoriesThe law of the unity of opposites provides the fundamental method for people to understand the world and transform the world-contradiction analysis, which is the essence of the dialectical understanding of things; Whether or not to recognize the doctrine of the unity of opposites is the essence of the opposition between materialist dialectics and metaphysics.

Features. The problem that materialist dialectics attempts is "the question of the state of existence of the world". On this issue, materialist dialectics points out that there are two basic characteristics of the existence of the world: one is that the world is universally connected, and the other is that the world is eternally developing.