The Dialectic of Matter, Materialist Dialectics What is Matter?

Matter is the "common name" of all things that mark objective reality, such as the atom of physics, the molecule of chemistry, the cell of biology, the commodity of economics, the physical evidence of law, and so on.

Matter has three basic properties, objectivity, knowability, and dialectic.

Objectivity is an essential property of matter. It exists independently of our senses, and this property is unique to matter, so it is an essential property of matter.

Knowability is an "external" property of matter. It refers to what matter can be felt and recognized, and it is the external "property" of matter in terms of the relationship between matter and man as an object.

Dialectical refers to the rich diversity and unity of matter. Diversity refers to the diversity of forms, levels, and types of matter, for example, the form of water has three states: solid, liquid, and gas, and matter has molecules, atoms, and elementary particles. Unity means that all matter is objectively real and fundamentally material.

For example, water has three states, but they are all essentially made up of the same substance.

Motion is the fundamental property and mode of existence of matter. It includes all the changes and processes that take place in the universe, from the mere movement of position to the mind.

Motion and matter are interdependent and inseparable. On the one hand, there is no movement away from matter, which requires matter as a carrier. On the other hand, there is no substance that does not move.

Motion is both absolute and relative. On the one hand, everything that exists only exists because of a certain movement, so motion is absolute. On the other hand, because the structural nature of things and the laws of motion are relatively stable, it makes things relatively stable or relatively stationary, so the motion is relative.

Space-time is the form of existence of matter, the form of existence and basic properties of matter in motion.

So what is space-time? Dialectical materialism holds that space is the extensiveness or order of matter in motion, and time is the continuity or sequence of material movement.

Time and space are interdependent: because the matter that occupies a certain space always lasts for a certain time, and the matter that lasts a certain time always occupies a certain space.

The basic content of the principle of the material unity of the world:

The world exists objectively;

The objectively existing world is diverse;

The world in which diversity objectively exists is unified;

The unified world of diversity, objectively existing, is unified on the basis of matter (objective reality).

The world exists objectively; We have proved the objective existence of space-time, and the objective existence of space-time proves the objective existence of the world.

The objectively existing world is diverse;

First, the diversity of world types. Generally speaking, the world can be divided into objective and subjective worlds from the perspective of whether or not human consciousness participates.

Second, diversity at the world level. As far as the objective material world (the universe) is concerned, it was originally thought that the objective world has two levels: macrocosm and microcosm. Qian Xuesen further believes that there are five levels: microscopic, macrocosmic, cosmic, cosmic, and expansive.

The subjective spiritual world is also hierarchical, from the perspective of the conscious world: there is a subconscious world and an explicit conscious world. From.