Why the Earth s outer sphere is constantly changing 20

The Earth's outer sphere consists of three interrelated spheres: the atmospheric sphere, the hydrosphere, and the biosphere.

1.Changes in the atmosphere:

Due to the difference in atmospheric temperature at different latitudes and altitudes, the atmosphere is in constant motion and change. What's more, the composition of the atmosphere changes with the influence of wind and human activities.

2.Other spheres can be modeled after the atmosphere, and can be described from the perspective of the water cycle, biological evolution, and seasonal changes in vegetation.

Gravity must have played a role! It causes the relatively heavy matter to sink and the lighter to rise, and the whole thing is a cycle. A solid mantle is formed due to the pressure on the inside, but due to the radiation of the heavier radioactive elements in the center of the earth, a large amount of heat is generated, so that there is a liquid core, while the outermost part is relatively loose due to the climate.

In general, it's gravity that comes into play.

3The outer sphere of the Earth includes the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

1.Atmosphere.

The atmosphere is made up of the atmosphere that surrounds the Earth. There is also a small amount of air in the water, in the soil and in some rocks, but the depth is generally not more than 4 km. There is no obvious upper bound of the atmosphere, and there are still traces of the presence of the atmosphere above 4000 km above the equator.

Due to the influence of the earth's gravity, the density of the atmosphere decreases with the increase of altitude, and the air becomes thinner and thinner the upward, and gradually transitions into cosmic space.

The main components of the atmosphere are nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), argon, carbon dioxide, water vapor and fine dust, etc., accounting for about 1%.

According to the physical characteristics of the atmosphere, such as temperature and density, the atmosphere is generally divided into troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, ionosphere and diffusion layer from bottom to top. About 70% 75% of the atmosphere is concentrated in the troposphere, and weather phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder, and lightning, which are closely related to human life, occur in this layer; Oxygen is the guarantee of life, nitrogen is the raw material for making proteins, and carbon dioxide insulates the earth's surface. Atmospheric convection is an important geological force that changes the appearance of the Earth at all times.

2.Hydrosphere. The oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, swamps and groundwater on the earth's surface, which account for about 3 4 of the area, form a continuous but irregular circle, called the hydrosphere. The distribution of water on the surface is very uneven, with ocean water accounting for less than 3% of the total volume. Rivers, freshwater lakes, and shallow groundwater that are easier for humans to exploit only account for the total amount of water.

Therefore, it is important to use and protect water resources wisely.

The water in the hydrosphere is constantly circulating under the action of solar energy and gravity. The vast majority of land water flows into the ocean, and some land and ocean water is evaporated into the atmosphere, carried by atmospheric circulation, and returned to the surface in the form of rain and snow. This hydrosphere cycle is a dynamic force that has a non-stop impact on the lithosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.

3.Biosphere.

The biosphere is a sphere of organisms and their life activities. The range of living organisms can be from 10 km above sea level to rocks thousands of meters below the surface of the lithosphere, including almost the entire hydrosphere. Therefore, the biosphere is interpenetrating with the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, and the lithosphere, which will be discussed later, and it is difficult to demarcate their strict boundaries.

About 3.8 billion years ago, there was the most primitive record of life on the earth, and about 600 million years ago, it entered the leap stage of life evolution. The growth, activity and death of living organisms cause complex material and energy exchanges and transformations between the atmosphere, water, rocks and soil, thereby changing the surrounding environment. For example, plants continue to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and release O2, changing the composition of the atmosphere, and at the same time fixing carbon and burying some of it in the earth's crust, forming a large amount of crustal energy.

Physical geography - the sphere structure of the earth.

Physical geography - the sphere structure of the earth.

Earth is one of the eight planets in the solar system (Pluto was classified as a dwarf planet in 2006 because of its different trajectory from the other eight planets) and ranks third in descending order. He has a natural satellite, the Moon, which forms a celestial system, the Earth-Moon System.

As a planet, Earth originated from the primordial solar nebula 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth will interact with other celestial bodies in outer space, including the Sun and the Moon. The Earth is home to millions of living beings, including humans.

Earth is the only celestial body in the universe known to have life. The radius of the Earth's equator is kilometers, the radius of the polar regions is kilometers, the average radius is about kilometers, the circumference of the equator is about 40,076 kilometers, and 71% of the earth is ocean, and 29% is land, so the earth is the only planet that lives in space. Earth is the only living planet among the planets discovered so far.

Why the interior of the earth can be divided into many circles: The earth is an entity made up of many substances. The distribution of the Earth's interior is not chaotic, but there are layers to follow, and these layers are called the Earth's inner sphere.

The inner sphere of the earth can be divided into three layers. The earth's crust is divided into two parts, upper and lower, each with a different material structure. The average thickness of the earth's crust is about 33 centimeters, which is the total volume of the earth.

It is the intrinsic soil layer and lithospheric layer and is known as the lithospheric layer. Be. Solid soils with more than 2,000 proven mineral resources.

The center of the earth is divided into upper and lower soil layers. The thickness of the soil is kilometers, accounting for the total volume of the earth, the temperature is high, and the internal pressure is high. 20,000 atmospheres.

The soil layer of the earth above ground is in the form of semi-molten magma, and the layer of the earth below earth is solid. The earth's crust and soil are mainly composed of silicate silicalite. The Earth's core is divided into an outer core and a core.

The outer core is kilometer thick and liquid in shape; Further down is the kernel. The Earth's core is mainly composed of iron and nickel substances. The temperature is more than 20 degrees, and the pressure is more than 3.5 million atmospheres.

The Earth's outer sphere includes the interconnected and mutually constrained atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

1) The atmosphere is a complex system of gases and suspended solids; The atmosphere is an important part of the earth's natural environment, and it is also the most active element in the earth's natural environment.

2) The hydrosphere is a continuous but irregular circle composed of surface water, which includes land water (surface water, groundwater), atmospheric water, ocean water, etc., and the water of the hydrosphere is in a continuous circular movement.

3) The biosphere is a general term for the earth's surface organisms and their living environment, and is the largest ecosystem, which occupies the bottom of the atmosphere, the whole of the hydrosphere and the upper part of the lithosphere. It is the result of the interpenetration and interaction of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.

The relationship between human beings and the natural environment is also mutually influencing and restricting. The role of human beings on the geographical environment will cause the environment to react to human beings. Only by acting in accordance with the laws of nature and rationally utilizing and transforming nature can we promote the benign development of the ecosystem and benefit mankind.

Otherwise, it will lead to the vicious development of the ecosystem and affect the survival and development of human beings.

The most active sphere in the Earth's outer sphere is the biosphere.

1. The biosphere refers to all areas on the earth where the impact of life activities appears and is felt, and is a general term for surface organisms, including microorganisms and their bottom-up environment, and is a unique sphere of the planet Earth. It is also the space where human beings are born and live. The biosphere is the largest ecosystem on Earth.

The biosphere is the main place where natural disasters occur, and it derives environmental and ecological disasters. The biosphere is the area on the earth where the impact of life activities is felt and is felt, and it is the general term for the surface organisms, including microorganisms and their bottom-up environment, and is the unique sphere of the planet Earth. It is also the space where human beings are born and live.

The extent of the biosphere is: the bottom of the atmosphere, most of the hydrosphere, and the surface of the lithosphere.

2. The main composition of the biosphere: it is mainly composed of three parts: living matter, biogenerated substance and biological inert substance.

Living matter, also known as living matter, is the sum of living organisms; Biogenesis are the products of organic mineral interactions composed of living matter, such as coal, oil, peat, and soil humus. Biologically inert substances refer to gases, sedimentary rocks, clay minerals, and water in the lower layers of the atmosphere.

The concept and essentials of the biosphere were first proposed by the Austrian geologist Hughes (in 1875) and refer to the whole of the earth's areas of life and its habitation. It includes about 10,000 meters above sea level to the biosphere, and refers to the entire area of life on Earth and its habitat, 11,000 meters below.

The most active sphere in the Earth's outer sphere is the biosphere. The biosphere refers to all areas on the earth that appear and feel the impact of life activities, that is, the general term for surface organisms, including microorganisms and their living environment, which is a unique circle on the earth. About 2 billion years ago, life was born on the earth, and the first life appeared in the ocean (hydrosphere), and then after a long period of evolution and reproduction, it formed a biological world that is currently widely distributed in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, which we call the biosphere.

With life on the earth, it can be said that the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere together constitute the earth's ecosystem, of which the biosphere is the main body and the most active factor in the four major sphere systems.

Introduction to the Biosphere.

The biosphere is an outer sphere of the Earth that extends approximately 10 kilometers vertically above and below sea level. It includes air, land, lithosphere, and water on Earth where life exists and is changed and transformed by life processes. In the broad sense of geology, the biosphere is a global ecosystem that unites all living things and the relationships between them, including their interactions with the lithosphere, hydrosphere and air.

The biosphere is a closed and self-regulating system. Earth is the only known place in the entire universe where living beings live. The biosphere is thought to have evolved after the origin of life 3.5 billion years ago.