What are argumentative techniques and what are the writing techniques of argumentative essays

The more commonly used methods are mainly as follows:

Give an example. It is to prove an argument by using the specific facts that best represent the argument as an argument. What we usually call presenting facts and reasoning is actually this method. The key to this approach is to select the most representative materials. For example:

Xiaoqiang especially loves to eat snacks. He has sugar, melon seeds, chocolate beans and other things in his pocket, eats them on the way to school, eats them during recess, and sometimes secretly stuffs them into his mouth during class.

By extension. It is to use a well-known fact as an argument to express another truth (i.e., the argument of the article). In applying this method, it should be noted that there should be a certain connection between the two facts. Otherwise, there will be no corresponding persuasiveness. For example:

Sailing against the current, if you don't advance, you will retreat. It's the same with learning, if you don't work hard and don't improve, you will regress. Because if you don't work hard, you will learn less knowledge.

Even the knowledge you have learned will gradually become unfamiliar because you don't work hard. Therefore, we must not have a slackening mind in our study.

Disproof. It is to prove the argument not from the front, but from the negative. This approach can often produce a role that positive evidence cannot do. In this way, care should be taken to make the negative "result" touch. For example:

We should develop good hygiene habits. If you don't pay attention to hygiene, your whole body is dirty, and others will cover your nose and hide away when they see you. On the other hand, and most importantly, unhygienic hygiene can spread many diseases and seriously endanger our health.

Contrast. It is to compare two things that are diametrically opposed in an argument in order to prove the argument. This method can often reveal the essence of things profoundly.

In this way, it is necessary to pay attention to the contrastality of things, that is, this contrast must be able to prove the argument strongly. For example:

Li Li is a very brave person. Once, when he went shopping on the street, he ran into a man shouting "catch the thief". When many people saw the thief running over, they all hid to the side, but he rushed forward with an arrow, hugged the thief, and scuffled ......

In addition to the above four most commonly used argumentative methods, there are also analogy, causal mutual evidence, and so on.

Argumentative methods mainly include example arguments, comparative arguments, fallacy arguments, and reasoning arguments, as for what argumentative methods are used in an article, the key is to look at what content of the article is discussed, and it is necessary to figure out what the characteristics of the argumentative method are.

For example, an argument is to argue with specific examples that one's own point of view is valid or refutes that the other party is not valid.

Comparative arguments, on the other hand, focus on drawing the opinions or results you need from the comparison.

The fallacy argument is to play on the premise of agreeing with the other party's point of view, so as to draw a wrong conclusion, and finally prove that the other party's point of view is wrong.

Reasoning argumentation is to use the remarks of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign celebrities who have proved facts as arguments to prove one's own point of view.

To discuss is to be reasonable, to discuss right and wrong. The author clarifies his point of view through factual material and logical reasoning, indicating what is for or against, what is affirmed or negative.

There are five types. 1. Narrative.

2. Description. 3. Discussion.

4. Description. 5. Lyrical.

1) Narrative. The narrative is the most basic and common way of expression in writing, which is the author's narration and explanation of the development and change process of the characters' experiences and events, as well as the transformation of scenes and spaces.

2) Descriptive. Description is a way of expressing the appearance and modality of the object described and reproducing it to the reader. It is one of the main modes of expression in narrative, especially in literary creation.

In general lyrical, argumentative, expository texts, it is sometimes used as an auxiliary means. The technique of description is well used, which can be vivid and vivid, so that readers can see the person, hear the voice, and be immersed in the scene, and receive a strong artistic infection.

3) Lyrical. Lyricism is to express and guess the author's feelings. It is the main mode of expression in the lyrical genre, and it is often used as an important auxiliary means of expression in general literary works and narratives.

4) Discussion. Argumentation is when the writer expresses his opinion on a certain object of discussion in order to express his or her own views and attitudes. Its function is to make the article clear and profound, with strong philosophical and theoretical depth.

In the discussion, it is the main expression; It is also often used as an auxiliary means of expression in general narratives, expository essays or literary works.

5) Description. Explanation is a way of using concise and concise words to explain the shape, nature, characteristics, causes, relationships, and functions of things. Some of the objects that are explained by the clan are physical things, such as mountains, rivers, flowers, trees, buildings, utensils, etc.; Some are abstract truths, such as thoughts, consciousness, cultivation, opinions, concepts, principles, techniques, etc.