The Ancient and Modern Values of the Great Wall The Structure and Role of the Great Wall 30

The whole set of defense projects and organizational systems with the Great Wall as the main body is called the Great Wall military defense system, and only by comprehensively using them can the Great Wall play a solid defensive role. This system can be roughly divided into the following aspects: first, the cantonment system, that is, the walls and castles of the Great Wall where the army is stationed, which is the main defensive force of the Great Wall; The garrison city is divided into different levels, stationed in different numbers of troops, taking the Ming Dynasty as an example, there are large towns, road cities, and acropolises, and small cities have cities, forts, and closed cities.

The second is the beacon transmission system, which refers to the beacon flint built by the border garrison to give alarms, and the system used to ignite fireworks to transmit military information. The third is the post transportation system, including the post road city, delivery station, and post station for the delivery of official documents or the temporary residence and change of horses, as well as to ensure the safety of military material transportation; These cities, offices, stations, etc., were built with strong defensive facilities. Fourth, the military quartermaster tuntian system, which refers to the tuntian land, smelting, salt production and market equipped to ensure the clothing, food, and military equipment of military defense personnel; They were either combined with the garrison forts or built separately.

The Great Wall was built by manpower, and "adapting to the terrain and using danger to control the blockage" is an important experience in the construction of the Great Wall.

During the Warring States Period, in order to resist the invasion of foreign tribes in the north, the vassal states that had borders with foreign tribes at that time all built the Great Wall, and the purpose was obvious, it was a fortification.

Qin Shi Huang unified the whole country and intensified the construction of the Great Wall of the original vassal states to form a whole. However, it should be noted that this is not actually the Great Wall we see now. In subsequent dynasties and dynasties, many emperors built the Great Wall.

Among the more famous ones, such as the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, was built during the Ming Dynasty.

Through the efforts of N generations, the "Great Wall" we see today has finally been formed.

In ancient times it was to defend against foreign enemies, and now it can only be used for exercise and visiting, stone and brick structures.

Historical value: The Great Wall is a long ancient feudal society of the richest and most brilliant chapter of Chinese civilization history, all the major political, economic and cultural historical events of feudal society, have left a mark on the Great Wall. Iron horses, the change of dynasties, national wars, foreign invasions, etc., are all reflected in the Great Wall.

As a physical monument of history, the Great Wall will stand forever on the land of China.

2. Artistic value and literary value: The Great Wall contains the glorious culture of the Chinese nation for more than 2,000 years, and the connotation of art is very rich. In addition to the architectural layout, modeling, carving, painting and other architectural arts such as the city wall, the gate, the town and the beacon tower, there are also poems and songs, folk literature, opera and rap and other arts.

3. Tourism value, educational value: The Great Wall is a place of patriotic education, a tourist attraction, the Great Wall with its majestic posture, strong physique, vigorous step filial piety feast, symbolizing the Chinese nation's strong and unyielding spirit, perseverance to overcome difficulties, this spirit inspires our Chinese nation to move forward forever.

The value of the Great Wall.

With the maturity of blockchain technology, the application of digital collections is becoming more and more extensive, among which China's historical relics and places of interest have always been an important application field of digital collections. Digital collections play a very active role in cultural promotion because of their unique artistic value and the ability to rely on blockchain technology to prove the ownership of digital Qiaozi silver characters. The map of Qi Peiri has released the digital collection of the Great Wall, which is committed to promoting the innovation and upgrading of the cultural industry and actively promoting the excellent Chinese culture.

The Great Wall is mainly composed of walls, beacons, castles, and gates, and the functions of each part are:

1. Wall

The wall is the main part of the defense against the enemy, and its total thickness is wide, the width of the foundation is meters, and the average width of the floor on the wall is also meters, so as to ensure that two baggage wagons are parallel.

2. Beacon

The Great Wall system has a large number of beacons (beacons) as an intelligence transmission system, which is the oldest but effective way of transmitting information. In ancient times, there were two kinds of border alarm signals, in the event of an enemy situation, the smoke during the day was called "Feng", and the fire at night was called "Sui", and the stations were connected to transmit information.

3. Castle

The castle is divided into an acropolis, a garrison or a dry city and a fortress according to the rank, and is arranged on the inner side of the Great Wall according to the requirements of the defense system and military system, and there are those outside the wall.

4. Guancheng

Guancheng is the most concentrated defensive stronghold on the defense line of the Great Wall. The location of the fortress is very important, and it is chosen in a favorable terrain to receive the effect of resisting the powerful invaders with a very small number of troops.

The appearance and structure of the Great Wall.

The average height of the walls is meters, with some sections reaching as high as 14 meters. Where the hills are steep, they are built relatively low, and the flat places are built higher; It is higher in the most important places and lower in the general area.

The wall is the main part of the defense against the enemy, its total thickness is wider, the width of the foundation is meters, and the average width of the floor on the wall is also meters. The wall is composed of an outer eaves wall and an inner eaves wall, and the interior is filled with earth and gravel.

The Great Wall is a miracle created by the working people of our country in ancient times. Since the beginning of Qin Shi Huang, the construction of the Great Wall has been a major project. According to records, Qin Shi Huang used nearly a million laborers to build the Great Wall, accounting for 1 20 of the country's population!

At that time, there was no machinery, all labor had to rely on manpower, and the working environment was steep mountains and deep cliffs. It is conceivable that this huge project could not have been completed without the hard work of a large number of people.

Because of the topography, the use of danger to control the blockage" is an important experience in the construction of the Great Wall, which has been affirmed in the time of Qin Shi Huang, and Sima Qian wrote it into the "Historical Records". The construction of the Great Wall in every subsequent dynasty was carried out according to this principle. All the construction of the Guancheng Pass is a non-straight choice between two mountains and valleys, or at the turning point of the river.

Or Pingchuan must pass through the place, which can not only control the danger, but also save manpower and materials, so as to achieve the effect of "one husband is the pass, ten thousand people are not open". The construction of the castle or the beacon tower is also chosen in the "four important places" as for the construction of the city wall, but also make full use of the terrain, such as the Great Wall like Juyongguan and Badaling, all of which are built along the back of the mountain, and some sections look very steep from the outside of the city wall, and the inner side is very gentle, and the effect of "easy to defend and difficult to attack" is obtained. In Liaoning, the Great Wall of Liaodong Town in the Ming Dynasty has a kind of mountain danger wall, splitting the gable, that is, using the cliff steep wall, a little cliff splitting to become the Great Wall.

Finish. There are also some places that completely use precipices, rivers and lakes as natural barriers, which can really be said to be ingenious. The Great Wall, as a great project, has become a valuable heritage of the Chinese nation.

The Great Wall is a product of the development of ethnic relations in ancient China, but the internal development law of ethnic relations between the north and south of the Great Wall is not fully studied. Summarizing the existing research results, broadening the research field, and revealing the intrinsic relationship between the Great Wall and the development of ethnic relations between China and China will be of great practical significance and important theoretical research value for the development of the Great Wall Studies, ethnology, and the history of Chinese ethnic relations, as well as for promoting ethnic unity.