What is the law of human growth and development?

On the growth and development of human beings - basic laws and theories.

2011-02-25 14:40 Read: 3,915

Zhao Fang. I started homeschooling in 1991 when I had a child.

In 2003, the Youth Learning Potential Development Center was opened, and since 2004, it has been committed to the individualized training of children, and has formed a set of children's family education effect evaluation and perfect training system. I look forward to being a good helper for parents to nurture their children.

Concern. 1. Growth and development.

Generally refers to the physiological changes in people, which are cell proliferation.

results. It is manifested by the growth of the body as a whole and the growth of individual organs, that is, an increase in the volume of the body.

It is a sequential and predictable change in life, including both physical and mental aspects. It is manifested as the maturation of cells, tissues, and organ functions and the evolution of body capabilities, that is, qualitative changes.

Not easy to measure.

Development is the result of learning and a symbol of maturity.

2. Maturity. Maturity is the result of growth and development, maturity in the narrow sense refers to physiological growth and development, and maturity in the broad sense includes psychosocial development.

It is determined by genetics, but it is also influenced by the environment.

Human maturity can be manifested as: from dependence to autonomy; passive to active; subjective to objective; ignorance to insight; Less responsibility to more responsibility, and so on.

3. Growth and development.

4. Characteristics of development.

1. Regularity and feasibility - everyone has to go through the same stage of development and have different growth and development speeds;

2. Sequentiality - from top to bottom or from beginning to end, from near to far, from coarse to fine, from low to high, from simple to complex;

3. Continuity and phases - growth and development is a continuous process, but it is not carried out at the same speed, and has phases;

4. Imbalance - in terms of human physical growth, the development of various organ systems is different, each has its own sequence, and there is also an imbalance in psychosocial development; r> 5. Individual differences: within a certain range, due to the influence of various factors of congenital and acquired, there are large individual differences, physical growth, and psychosocial development, and the greater the individual differences with age;

6. Sensitive period - it is generally believed that the stage of rapid growth and development is the more sensitive period of people, and the basic personality factors of people are formed in infancy and early childhood;

5. Biological theories.

Theory of biological evolution.

and the theory of repetition, the theory of growth order and time, the theory of developmental spiral and the theory of heredity - children's growth is a time-related, regular, and sequential process, and each organ has a sequence and speed of development - mastering the law of children's growth can guide children's normal development in a targeted manner, and find correct and effective ways to solve children's growth and development problems from children's own internal growth factors;

Children's development will be affected by genetic factors, and there may be variations - children's work needs to be tailored to different individuals, and various counseling methods need to be flexibly used to promote them to develop their unique potential, give priority to the development of their strengths, and coordinate the development of all aspects;

There are social and developmental reasons for children's problems, neither of which can be ignored

1) The possibility and realization of growth and development. The intrinsic genetic factors in the human body determine the possibility of growth and development, and the external environment determines the level of growth and development that an individual may achieve to a certain extent, that is, the level of growth and development potential.

2) The commonality and individuality of growth and development. Human growth and development has its common pattern, starting from the fertilized egg, after birth through childhood and puberty to reach maturity, the proportion of growth of each part of the body and the development process are the same, but there are considerable individual differences in human physical characteristics and development speed, generally in line with the normal distribution.

What are the laws of human growth and development?

3) Procedural and temporal nature of growth and development. The organs of the body do not grow at the same speed, nor do they develop at the same pace, and their growth and development rate is wave-like. There are several basic directions of general growth and development, such as the head and tail direction, that is, the body in the viviparous period, the near head develops before the upper and lower limbs, and the neuromuscular development after birth also follows the head and tail direction, and the central part of the body develops before the peripheral part.

The development of organ function is first gross motor and later fine motor movement. The general growth and development follows the law from top to bottom, from near to far, from coarse to fine, from low to high, from simple to complex. For example, postnatal motor development:

First raise your head, then raise your chest, then sit, climb, stand, and walk. The head grows first in infancy and infancy, and does not grow much later, so newborns and young babies have large heads and small bodies, and short limbs. Later, the limbs grew faster than the trunk, and gradually became small in the head, thick in the torso, and long in the limbs.

The baby's head accounts for 1 4 of height, and by adulthood it accounts for 1 8 of height.

4) Growth and development, including two closely related aspects: physiological and psychological. Human growth and development accounts for about 1 3 times of life, and the physical development of this period provides a material basis for psychological development, that is, the minor prepares for adulthood with physical reproductive, intellectual, psychological and other conditions.

5) The naturalness and sociality of population growth and development. In addition to the differences determined by genetic factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, and age, there are also differences caused by external natural factors and social factors such as regions, urban and rural areas, and different groups of people in society.

6) Continuity of growth and development. The growth process of all children is continuous, sometimes faster and sometimes slower, generally the younger the physical growth age, the faster the growth, the fastest growth in the first 6 months after birth, especially in the first 3 months and the second half of the year, gradually slowing down, and then accelerating suddenly in puberty.

1.Growth and development is carried out in a continuous, sequential, regular and measurable manner.

2.Everyone goes through the same stages of development.

3.Each person's development has its own unique personality, which passes in a unique way and at a pace that is unique to each individual.

4.Each stage of development has certain characteristics and certain development tasks.

5.Each person's basic attitudes, temperaments, lifestyle, and behaviors are influenced by the development of infancy.

6.Development is achieved through gradual maturation and continuous learning.

The rules are basically developed from the center to the periphery, from gross movements to fine movements, and the critical period of language development is from one to three years old.

Murphyn's Tuka study notes.

Principles of Pedagogy 20

Recently, when I saw the news of the death of a generation of "prodigies", while feeling his rise and fall, I also felt the importance of education to conform to the law.

The physical and mental development of human beings has a certain directionality, sequential praise and irreversibility.

For example, develop the head first and then the limbs, develop figurative thinking first and then develop abstract thinking.

Educational requirements] Step by step, do what you can.

Adjacent age stages have similar characteristics, and each stage is specific and cohesive.

For example, human development can be divided into infancy, early childhood, childhood, adolescence, adolescence, adulthood, etc.

Educational requirements] Targeted, critical period.

Different individuals have different developmental characteristics.

For example, different children have different personalities, cognitive styles, and personalities.

Educational Requirements] Teach students according to their aptitude.

In the same body, the development of all aspects of body and mind is not synchronized.

It is reflected in the fact that during the same period, the physical and mental development of individuals is not synchronized; The speed of physical and mental development is different in different periods.

Educational Requirements] Critical Period.

The physical, psychological and social development of the human being is interrelated and constitutes a whole.

Educational Requirements] Education for the whole person.

Why can't we teach ahead of time? Because human development is sequential, children's abstract thinking has not yet developed, and children who talk about too abstract Olympiad knowledge cannot accept it at all.

When teaching, if you can draw pictures with your hands, you don't just rely on your mouth. In order to allow students to feel the visual mathematical knowledge, they can develop abstract thinking only after learning it thoroughly.

Sometimes it's not because it's too difficult to educate children, but because they don't grasp the laws of human development.

Chapter 3 Religious Belief and Human Development, Section 1 Overview of Human Development.

Briefly describe the regularity of human development.

1. The imbalance of individual physical and mental development;

2. The sequential hail tolerance of individual physical and mental development;

3. Stages of individual physical and mental development;

4. The complementarity of individual physical and mental expressions and filial piety;

5. Individual differences in individual physical and mental development.

Answer]: According to physiological and psychological research, the physical and mental development of the Yuanshendan people has the following laws: (1) The sequence of development.

The physical and mental development of human beings has a certain sequence, and the blind development of human body and mind follows the process of changing from low to high level and from change to qualitative change. (2) Developmental stages: The physical and mental development of people at different ages shows different characteristics. (3) Differences in development.

Individual differences exist at different levels and to varying degrees. (4) Uneven development. In the process of development, children often show imbalances in physical and psychological development.

5) Holistic development. The physical, psychological and social development of human beings is closely linked and interacts with each other in the process of human development, so that human development manifests itself as a clear wholeness.

The following statements about the law of growth and development are correct.

a.Growth and development is an indispensable process.

b.Everyone goes through the same stage of development.

c.Everyone's growth and development rate is different.

d.Growth and development is a continuous, uniform process.

e.The sequence of development of each system of the body follows a certain pattern.

Correct answer: The growth and development speed of each person is different, everyone has to go through the same stage of development, and the development sequence of each system of the body follows certain rules.

Answer] :(1) The physical and mental development of human beings is sequential, round, phased, unbalanced, complementary and individual.

2) Human activities are neither governed by chance nor arbitrary, but have a certain causality, necessity, basic trajectory and law.

3) Education should adapt to the law of human development.

Every child has its own law of growth and development, and we adults should guide from this law of children's development, which is the most effective way of education.

Erikson, a famous psychologist, divided personality development into 8 stages, each with its own developmental characteristics.

For example, infancy between 0 and 1 and a half years old is the period of gaining a sense of trust. If, during this period, parents respond positively to their children's needs in a timely manner, children will build complete trust in their parents, and in turn, trust in the world. He will also feel physically comfortable and develop a sense of pristine security.

Between the ages of 1 and 3, young children learn autonomous control over their bodies. Therefore, at this stage, let the children walk and run on their own, so that they can coordinate their body control ability. Between the ages of 3 and 6, children are not afraid, curious about everything, and want to try everything, which is a good opportunity to develop children's autonomy and gain a positive understanding of the world in the process.

The age of 6 to 12 is the stage of diligent learning of knowledge and skills. The main task of children at this stage is to learn, from ignorance to being able to read and write, and the basic ability of children to adapt to society is formed. This builds self-confidence.

Between the ages of 12 and 18 years old, identity and role identity are achieved. This stage requires them to establish self-awareness and learn social role norms. Sun Wukong was playing around at this stage, looking for his own sense of worth and the meaning of life.

In the end, he finally found his social role, which is to learn scriptures from the west and become a Buddha for good. Children will also continue to explore the meaning of life and their own value like Monkey King, and constantly determine what kind of person they should become.

Therefore, we must first understand the characteristics and tasks of each stage, and then follow its characteristics to lead the child to develop in a positive direction, so that the child can find his true self and form a perfect personality.