What is Regularity? What are the fundamental characteristics of the law

First of all, a law is a phenomenon or property of a thing. Strictly speaking, a law is a stable, universal, and reproducible part of the phenomenal properties of things. For example, in daily life, people see that water always flows from high places to low places, and there is no phenomenon of water flowing to high places, so "water flows to low places" has become a stable, universal, and repeatable phenomenon that people often see.

Also, no matter where people go, they see the attribute of "snow is white", which is generally stable and repeatable, and it is also a regular phenomenon. Correspondingly, "the water flows downward", "the snow is white", and so on, become assertions that reflect the laws of the properties of related things.

Second, a law is a manifestation of the interaction of the observed thing with other things. Things that do not have a connection with other things and exist in isolation have no definite attribute phenomenon, and fish can only reflect the attribute phenomenon of "fish can swim in water" when they are connected and act with water; Only when cotton is connected with fire can it produce the property phenomenon of "cotton is flammable".

Third, the law is the overall attribute and overall phenomenon manifested under the effect of the connection of things to determine the norms. In the beginning, people connected with things through their senses, observing the properties and phenomena and laws of things, for example, people saw that swans were white, and felt that fire was hot and ice was cold. With the increasing number of observations and studies, and as the verification of laws becomes more and more complex, the problem of inaccurate and individualized sensory scales has emerged, so science has begun to use standardized and uniform measurement tools (such as rulers, scales, thermometers).

etc.), so that the observation and measurement of the property phenomena of things are more accurate and standardized.

In order to regulate the interaction of things and the way in which they interact, people also idealize the environmental conditions in which things interact. Mechanical phenomena are the first natural phenomena that people notice.

Due to the fact that macroscopic objects are subjected to air resistance in reality.

Due to the interference of gravity and other factors, the mechanical performance of the mechanical performance always presents a variety of individual characteristics, and it is difficult to find regularity. Newton.

Through the construction of conceptual models and thought experiments, the particle points without shape, size and texture are set, and the frictionless plane is set to set a non-resistance environment, so that the mechanical laws and phenomena can be expressed in a precise, strict and minimal external interference.

Fourth, through the establishment and application of the law model of mechanics and some law models such as "water will boil when heated to 100 degrees", people realize that the law is not only the product of the connection between the observed thing and other things, but also the performance of the observed thing in the contact object, measurement scale, observation angle and observation environment set by the researcher. For example, in order to make "water heated to 100 degrees Celsius will inevitably boil" become an unwavering law, first of all, there must be a Celsius thermometer, secondly, it must have atmospheric pressure conditions, and then there must be a relatively consistent agreement on what "boiling" is. It is the joint effect of these factors that the law of "water heating to 100 degrees will inevitably boil" is firmly displayed in front of people.

Laws are the key and clues for human beings to understand the world, and the latest bestseller "A Brief History of Laws" is the only scientific history of laws. This book tells the ins and outs of various laws, the kinship relationship between laws, and the historical stories of scientific discoveries, giving people a glimpse of the simplicity and rational beauty of science, and a glimpse of the wonderful process of scientific discovery.

First, economic laws are inseparable from human economic activities.

Second, most of the laws of material motion in nature are long-lasting, while the vast majority of logarithmic economic laws arise with the emergence of its economic conditions and disappear with the disappearance of its economic conditions.

Third, in a class society, people always have a class background in understanding and using economic laws.

Laws are the necessary and stable relations of the essence inherent in the movement of things.

As for the characteristics, you can say three, just understand it from the definition.

The law is the inevitable connection of the essence inherent in the process of the movement of things. The common characteristics of laws: any law is an intrinsic connection of the process of movement of things themselves; Any law is an essential connection in the movement of things; Any law is an inevitable connection in the process of the movement of things.

The difference between law and rule: rule is the system or charter that people stipulate for everyone to abide by, and law is the inevitable connection of the inherent nature of the process of movement of things. The nature of the two is different, the rules are made by people, can be amended, supplemented or abolished, it is subjective; The law cannot be modified, supplemented or abolished, it is objective.

Therefore, the two must not be confused. Of course, laws and rules are not unrelated, and a correct and reasonable rule is always specified according to the objective law and is a reflection of the objective law.

The manifestation of the objectivity of the law: the law is objective, which means that its existence and action are not subject to human will; Laws are objective, which also means that laws can neither be created nor destroyed; The law is objective, and it is manifested in its irresistibility. The fact that laws are objective does not mean that people are powerless in the face of objective laws.

People can recognize the law and make use of it.

The two characteristics of the law are: first, objectivity; Second, universality.

Laws refer to the stable connection of the inherent and necessary essence of the process of material movement. One of the characteristics of law is objectivity, that is, the existence and action of law are not subject to the subjective will of human beings.

The second is conditionality, the existence and occurrence of laws must be conditional, and without certain conditions, it is difficult for laws to exist and function.

The third is diversity. There are many kinds of laws, both natural and social, as well as the laws of thinking.

1) The law is objective.

The law exists objectively and is not subject to people's will, but people can understand it and use it through practice;

2) Regularity is repetitive.

This is its most basic attribute, and it is precisely the repeated repetition of social and natural phenomena that people explore, grasp their internal connections, and prove their regularity;

3) Regularity has stability.

Although the law is not immutable, it is relatively stable.

characteristics of regularity;

1.Inevitability.

Refers to the inevitability of the existence and action of laws and the consequences of the action of laws, such as any suspended object that loses the force of support must fall to the ground with the same acceleration (meters and seconds), which is determined by the nature of gravity between objects with mass. The second refers to the repetition of laws, that is, no matter when and where, as long as the objective conditions for the action of laws do not change, and as long as the essential reasons that determine laws do not disappear, laws will inevitably reappear and take effect, for example, the relations of production must adapt to the development of productive forces. The third refers to the inevitable vertical and horizontal connection between things, such as the development and change of a thing will inevitably cause the change of the corresponding thing.

2.Universality.

Lenin said in his Philosophical Notes, "Laws are the same thing in phenomena. ”

It has a universal dominating effect on things and phenomena of the same essence, such as metabolism and the change of seasons, and it is applicable to all stages, societies, fields, levels, etc.

3.Objectivity.

Laws are objective and can neither be created nor destroyed; Whether one admits it it or not, the law always works with its iron inevitability. Idealism either denies the existence of laws, or in one way or another describes laws as the product of phenomena of consciousness such as the "absolute spirit" and the subjective will of the individual. They even believe that laws are imposed on nature by man.

Denying that the development of human society has objective laws is one of the fundamental characteristics of the idealistic view of history, and it is also a fundamental defect common to all ideological systems before the emergence of Marxism. Marx and Engels founded the materialist view of history and discovered the general laws of the development of human society, which for the first time made people truly realize that human society, like the natural world, also moves and develops according to its own inherent objective laws. The laws of both natural and social sciences are reflections of the objective laws of the development process of objective things.

Lenin said: "A law is something that is enduring in a phenomenon. ”

Laws refer to the intrinsic and inevitable connection between things. This connection is constantly repeated, often works under certain conditions, and determines that things must develop in a certain direction.

The main characteristics of the law are: (1) The law is objective. The law is objectively preserved and celebrated, and it is not subject to people's will, but people can understand it and use it through practice; (2) The law of Yuzheng is repetitive.

This is its most basic attribute, and people are precisely aware of social, natural phenomena.

to explore many times, grasp its inner connection, and prove its regularity; 3) Regularity has stability. Although the law is not immutable, it is relatively stable. For example, the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar.

Although there have been some changes in the past few thousand years, especially in recent years, although the earth has changed dramatically, and the economy has been slightly advanced, the general law has not changed significantly.

Regularity (1).Rules and Regulations. bai Taiping Tian囯.

Du Hong Renji's "Autobiography": "Zhi strictly abides by the laws of heaven, and does not dare to commit any crimes. Lu Xun "Lace Literature: Inverted Promotion":

The inferior the more inferior, the more the master's love and pity, so the West Cub beats the horn, the West Cub is reprimanded, the Ping people are angry with the West Cub, then the Ping people are blamed, there is no law in the concession that prohibits the mistreatment of the Chinese, just because we should have our own strength, our own skills, and chickens and ducks are not the same. ”

2).The intrinsic and inevitable connection between things determines the inevitable trend of the development of things. Laws exist objectively, also known as laws.

"On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" I: "Marxist philosophy holds that the law of the unity of opposites is the fundamental law of the universe. Wei Wei, "Oriental", Part 6, Chapter 4:

However, the contest of war has its own laws. ”

3).It is neat and regular. Ba Jin, "Autumn" VI:

The laughter faded away, and the sound of regular paddling and whispering of water rang in his ears. Zhou Erfu "Dr. Bethune" 1: "The green tassel gun in the hands of the Self-Defense Force, looking in the white wilderness, looks like a regular row of verdant trees beside the avenue, standing dazzlingly in the bitter cold. ”

(1) Law is the essential, inevitable and stable connection in the process of material movement.

2) The law has two characteristics: first, objectivity; Second, universality.

Regularity is the stable prescriptiveness inherent in the interaction of objective things. Generally refers to the intrinsic essential relationship inherent in the form of phenomena and their development process, as well as the inevitable trend of their development. The others did not have the pre-Qin period of our country.

It is proposed that "one yin and one yang is the Tao", and preliminarily put forward the simple view that the interaction between yin and yang is the universal law of the development of all things. In Europe, the ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras.

It has been proposed that there is a certain "number" relationship between the planets in the sky. To this, Engels.

It is pointed out that "numbers are subject to certain laws of disgust, and the same is true of the universe." Thus the regularity of the universe was spoken for the first time "Marxist philosophy."

It is believed that regularity is the inherent nature of things in their interconnected interactions. The regularity of things is objective and not subject to people's will. Regularity and necessity are categories of the same sequence.

Regularity is also intrinsically linked to causality. But regularity is not an accidental causal connection, but a necessary causal connection of the general essence. Regularity and regularity are often regarded as philosophical categories of the same meaning.

Mao said: "The internal connection of objective things, that is, regularity. (Selected Works of Mao, Vol. 3, p. 801) To study the objective regularity of things, we must pay attention to grasping the interconnection between the general and the particular.