What are the advantages of the observation method and its limitations

The main advantages of the observation method are:

1 It can obtain information directly through observation, without the need for other intermediaries. Therefore, the observed data is more realistic.

2 Observation in its natural state can obtain vivid information.

3 Observation has the advantage of immediacy, it captures what is happening.

4 Observation can gather some indescribable material.

The main limitations and disadvantages of the observation method are:

1 Due to time constraints, there is a certain time limit for the occurrence of certain events, after which they will not occur again.

2 Subject to observation. For example, when studying juvenile delinquency, some clandestine gangs are generally not allowed to be observed.

3 Observed.

Limits per se. On the one hand, human senses have physiological limitations, beyond which it is difficult to observe directly. On the other hand, observations can also be influenced by subjective consciousness.

4 The observer can only observe external phenomena and certain material structures, and cannot directly observe the essence of things and people's ideology.

5 The observation method is not suitable for large-scale surveys.

The observation method is simple and easy, the adaptability and flexibility are relatively strong, the observation task can be large or small, the observer can be more or less, the observation time can be long or short, as long as the investigator arrives at the scene, a certain perceptual knowledge can be obtained. As such, it is one of the most widely used survey methods.

There are some types of data that can only be collected by observation. Observational patterns of behavior that the investigator does not know or cannot communicate can be used, for example, information about children's preferences for toys is best obtained through the behavior of children who are playing with toys, because young children cannot properly express their preferences. Observation can also be taken for some content that should not be asked, such as the flow of customers, traffic, and the number of diners in front of the restaurant.

If the observed phenomena occur very frequently or for a short period of time, observational methods may be used to obtain information more quickly and at a lower cost than other investigative methods.

The biggest disadvantage of the observation method is that it cannot determine the cause of the observed behavior. When the event to be observed occurs, the observer can only observe the activities of the observer, and if the observer is a person, then only the superficial behavior can be obtained through observation, and its interests, preferences, psychological feelings, motivations, attitudes, perceptions, etc. cannot be observed. For example, observing a consumer's purchase behavior, one can only observe the behavior itself, but cannot understand whether the consumer likes the purchased item or not, because he may buy it for other members of the family, or he may be ready to buy it and give it to someone else.

2.Passivity.

When making an observation, the observer can only passively wait for the event to be observed.

3.Subject to spatiotemporal conditions.

The object and scope of observation are very limited, and it is difficult to break through the time limit and obtain information about the past situation and future orientation. It is difficult to obtain information "elsewhere" beyond the field of view through space limitations. In addition, some hidden social phenomena are also difficult to obtain information through observation.

First of all, it is convenient and concise, and secondly, it is commonly used and practical.

Disadvantages: Low credibility, reliability, do not The data obtained is not accurate.

1. Observation is the purposeful and planned examination of preschool children's performance in daily life, play, learning and labor. Including their speech, expressions and behaviors, it can analyze the laws and characteristics of children's psychological development.

2. The observation method is the most basic method to study the psychological activities of preschool children, because the mental activities of young children have outstanding explicitness, and their psychological activities can be understood by observing their external behaviors.

3. At the same time, the observation method is carried out in a state of natural ingenuity, which can obtain the data of preschool children's mental activities more realistically.

4. In early childhood education, teachers should respect children's individual differences in development level, ability, experience, and learning style, and teach children according to their needs.

5. Understanding children's interests and development levels requires careful and patient observation by teachers.

out of the finishing]. Be good at discovering the educational value hidden in the things that children are interested in, games and accidents, grasp the opportunity, and actively guide. Teachers should be supporters, collaborators, and guides of children's learning activities.

6. At the same time, the "Kindergarten Education Guidelines (Trial)" also points out that the typical children's behavior and various works accumulated by ordinary observation are an important basis for arrogance and evaluation.

7. Therefore, observation plays an important role in teachers' understanding of children's filial piety, respecting children's records, and promoting children's development.

The main advantages of the observation method are as follows:

1) It is intuitive and reliable, because the observation method is based on observing what people are actually doing rather than relying on what they say, and can objectively collect the first and hand data, especially the data of non-verbal behavior, and directly record the facts of the investigation and the behavior of the respondent on the spot, so the survey results are closer to reality in a sense.

2) The observation method is basically a unilateral activity of the investigator, especially the concealment of observation, which generally does not rely on verbal communication, so it can avoid many error factors caused by the interviewer and the method of questioning, and the interviewer will not be troubled by problems related to the willingness and ability of the observer.

3) The observation method is simple, easy to implement, and flexible, and can be carried out anytime and anywhere.

Observation refers to the method of purposeful and planned systematic observation and recording of human behavior in natural situations, and then analyzing the records in order to discover the laws of changes and development of mental activities.

Advantages: The observation method provides a direct understanding of the behavior of the person being observed, so that first-hand information can be gathered. Because the observed person does not know that he is being observed, his behavior and mental activities are rarely disturbed, and the objectivity and authenticity of the data are maintained, which is the advantage of the observation method.

Disadvantages: The observer is in a passive position, the experimenter can only passively wait for the expected behavior to appear, and it is difficult for the behavior under natural conditions to develop according to the subjective will of the person, so the results of the observation are difficult to repeat. In addition, the recording and analysis of observations are susceptible to the pre-orange period and bias of observers.

The main advantages of the observation method are: it can understand the development process of things under natural conditions, and it hinders the daily study, life and normal development of the observed; You can learn about the situation directly from the observed, and obtain a lot of reliable first-hand information; It can be used as a follow-up study of the same observation object for a longer period of time. Its limitations are mainly:

It is difficult to control external factors that may affect the observed object, and the observed phenomena may be accidental.