What should I do if pesticides occur in vegetable planting? What are the remedies?

In vegetable planting, pesticides are widely used in vegetable production and play a very important role in the high efficiency of vegetable farmers. However, it is not uncommon for pesticide damage to occur, which also causes some unnecessary losses to vegetable farmers. Therefore, it is a problem that cannot be ignored in the safe use of pesticides to grasp the types and symptoms of vegetable pesticide damage and take preventive measures in time.

Chronic pesticide damage: The symptoms do not appear immediately after the application of this pesticide damage, and there is a certain potential, which hinders the growth of vegetables and makes the flavor of fruits worse. This phytotoxicity is often difficult to diagnose and can be easily confused with other physiological diseases.

In diagnosis, we can use methods to understand the occurrence, species, quantity, area and plant control of pests and diseases. Acute pesticide damage: the pesticide damage has the characteristics of rapid occurrence and obvious symptoms, which can generally appear within a few hours to a few days after application, and is generally manifested as leaf spots, perforations, anxiety, curling, deformity, withering, yellowing, yellowing or albinism.

Root wounds are characterized by short and thick roots, sparse hairs, yellowing or thickening of the root bark, brittleness, rotting, etc. Seed damage is manifested by failure to germinate or slow germination. The damage of plants is manifested as falling flowers and buds, deformed small fruits, spots, brown fruits, rusty fruits, fruit drops, etc.

Most of this damage is caused by excessive use of pesticides or improper treatment of seeds with pesticides. Residual pesticide damage: This pesticide damage is characterized by the fact that there is no pesticide damage to the current crop after the application of the pesticide, but the pesticide residue in the soil will cause pesticide damage to the crops that are more sensitive to the next crop.

For example, after using simazine herbicide in corn fields, it often causes pesticide damage to the next crop such as rape and beans. This pesticide damage is difficult to diagnose and can be easily confused with fertilizer damage. Understanding the planting management of previous crops, the use of pesticides, soil testing, and other measures can be used for diagnosis and prevent losses caused by misdiagnosis.

If the foliar surface and plants are injured by spraying the solution, in the case that the liquid has not been completely penetrated or absorbed in the early stage, you can quickly spray the foliage with a large amount of water, rinse 3-4 times repeatedly, wash away the liquid medicine on the surface of the plant as much as possible, cooperate with the cultivated loose soil, promote the development of the root system, and quickly restore the normal growth of the plant. After the occurrence of pesticide damage, it should be watered and topdressed urea and other fast-acting fertilizers in time. In addition, 1-2% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be sprayed on the leaves to promote plant growth and improve its resistance to plant toxicity.

Depending on the phytotoxic nature of pesticides, neutralization is carried out with drugs of opposite nature. For example, quicklime water can be sprayed if copper sulfate is sprayed too much, gibberellin can be sprayed to relieve paclobutrazol sprayed, and leaf baomian can also be sprayed with foliar spray.

Residual pesticide damage: The characteristic of this pesticide damage is that after the application of pesticides, the crops in the current season do not cause pesticide damage, and the pesticide remaining in the soil will cause pesticide damage to crops that are more sensitive to the next stubble. For example, after the use of simazine herbicide in corn fields, it often causes pesticide damage to crops such as rape and beans.

This kind of pesticide damage mostly occurs in the germination stage of the seeds of the next crop, and the root tips, bud tips and other parts of the light ones turn brown or rot, affecting the normal growth; If it is severe, the seeds will rot and the buds will be rotten, and the seedling emergence rate will be reduced or the seedlings will not emerge at all. This kind of drug damage is difficult to diagnose and can easily be confused with fertilizer damage. It can be diagnosed by understanding the cultivation and management of previous crops, pesticide use, soil testing and other measures to prevent losses caused by misdiagnosis.

Chronic pesticide damage: the symptoms of this pesticide damage do not manifest immediately after application, and it has a certain latent nature, which hinders the growth of vegetables and deteriorates the flavor of fruits. This pesticide is often difficult to diagnose and can be confused with other physiological diseases.

In the diagnosis, the method of understanding the occurrence of pests and diseases, the type, quantity, area and plant control of pesticides can be used to diagnose.

This pest and disease should be dealt with immediately and sprayed with the corresponding pesticides. If you don't deal with it in time, you won't be able to sell it because the vegetables will spoil, and you will lose money.

Pesticide damage in vegetable planting should be remedied in time. If you have just finished spraying and the drug has not penetrated into the leaves, you can wash it with water for many times, and if it is not too serious, you can also carry out top dressing, but if you apply too much pesticide and cause disease, quickly pull out the part that is damaged by the pesticide to prevent pesticide penetration.

Drainage and irrigation remediation: for the pesticide damage caused by some herbicides, proper drainage and irrigation can also reduce the harm of pesticide damage Increase top dressing can alleviate the damage of pesticide damage, for leaf pesticide damage, plant yellowing, etc.

If the pesticide is found early after spraying, you can quickly spray the foliar surface of the pesticide-damaged crop with water, and spray the water 2-3 times repeatedly, so as to wash off the surface of the plant as much as possible, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at the same time, which can promote the development of the root system and enhance the recovery ability of the crop.

When spraying pesticides, we must pay attention to the number of times, do not spray too much, and when spraying pesticides, we must pay attention to safety issues, do not let ourselves be injured, and when spraying pesticides, we must pay attention to the problem of noisy time, do not spray pesticides at night in Qichang, but I think the most important point is that when spraying pesticides, we must bring the corresponding appliances.

Be sure to inject the density of the pesticide circle, pay attention to the variety of pesticides, pay attention to the ratio, pay attention to the spraying time, pay attention to the growth of plants, and choose the appropriate or state pesticides for treatment.

Attention should be paid to the conditions of drug selection, the standard of medication, the dilution of drugs, the problem of pesticide residues, and the temperature conditions.

When planting pasta in vegetable greenhouses, the pharmacology is not clear, the dosage is not allowed, and the time is not appropriate, which will cause weakness to the vegetables in the plastic greenhouse, lead to mild human growth or atrophy, lead to unbalanced reproductive growth, and the heavy leaves will wither, and the deformity of vegetables will directly affect economic interests. Therefore, in the management of vegetable greenhouse planting, it should be tracked and observed in time after spraying pesticides or foliar fertilizers. In particular, it is best to spray the new agent for the first time on a small area and then apply it to the entire warehouse.

After the agent is missprinkled or weakened, quickly spray water to wash it off and wash the surface of the affected plant. The pesticide damage caused by alkaline agent is the pesticide damage caused by the appropriate amount of vinegar and acidic agent when spraying water, and 01% quicklime is added when sprinkling water, which can neutralize the agent and decompose as soon as possible. When the weather conditions are adapted, it is necessary to pay attention to the ventilation of the shed, reduce moisture, and contribute to the emission of harmful gases.

Weakness caused by aerosols usually shows symptoms after a few hours. Although there are mild symptoms of necrosis that do not express from time to time, some leaves have a sclerosis phenomenon, resulting in the growth rate of hardened leaves being slightly lower than that of normal leaves, and generally has little effect on growth. Symptoms appear after a few hours of severe damage, early part of the leaves wither, slightly drooping and turning brown, and the affected parts gradually dry up, forming irregular white necrotic spots.

Some severely damaged leaves have necrotic spots that expand, causing all leaves to wilt and die, leaving only the heart lobes, all of which wilt and die. The active ingredient of the tobacco agent is cooled into particles in the air, and the particles collide with each other to condense and precipitate, and adhere to the surface of vegetable leaves. Smoked for 5 to 6 hours, the concentration of harmful chemical gases is high and relatively stable.

If it is sealed for too long, the longer it is in contact with the crop, the greater the damage will be, and beyond the tolerable limit, the crop will burn and become fragile.

The indoor temperature is too high and it is easy to weaken, and the respiration is vigorous under the expansion of the leaf stomata at high temperatures. At this time, the medicine easily burns vegetable leaves. Especially after the use of smoke agents, it may become more fragile if it is not ventilated in time.

If it is not used properly, the plant cannot recover its growth after the loss of the drug, and it should be replanted in time. Strengthen fertilizer and water management and temperature and humidity management, spray the leaves, and guide vegetable crops to resume growth as soon as possible. If possible, I would choose to do it after sunset on a sunny evening.

Insecticide smoke emits a large amount of smoke and has a high concentration, so it is necessary to smoke in a short time. Smoking time is usually 4-5 hours is appropriate. The concentration of the mist is then reduced by ventilation.

The small use of vegetables, especially when the dosage is too large, the concentration of the active ingredient of the pesticide also exceeds, which exceeds the tolerance limit of the crop, and is easy to cause weakness.

Watering and detoxification: the pesticide damage caused by irrigating the roots with some pesticides or using herbicides under the mulch film can be properly watered to reduce the accumulation of harmful substances in the roots, and can also increase the water in the cells in the plant, so that its metabolism speed is accelerated, and the relative content of harmful substances in the cells can be reduced.

1. In the event of slight pesticide damage, the method of strengthening fertilizer and water management can be used to restore the normal reproductive function of vegetables. 2. It is necessary to select the right pesticides, especially herbicides, which should be applied carefully. 3. Control the dosage and concentration of pesticides, and avoid reusing a pesticide.

4. Do not mix pesticides at will. 5. The application of pesticides should avoid high temperatures, and the instruments that have been applied with herbicides must be cleaned before they can be used again.

You can use pesticides to remedy, or watering, or weeds, or control the temperature, but also pay attention to the dosage of pesticides.

In such a situation, it is necessary to do a good job of ventilation and drainage, and then it is also necessary to water in time, and the temperature of planting should not exceed 25 degrees, and then it is also necessary to spray pesticides in time, and it is necessary to prescribe the right medicine.

(1) Spraying method.

Soak the kilogram of plant ash with kilogram of water for 24 hours, and spray the flowers and trees with its filtrate, which can kill the aphids on plum blossoms, moon flowers, and pomegranate trees. Spraying flowers and trees with baking soda liquid with a concentration can prevent and control powdery mildew on moon flowers, chrysanthemums, impatiens, hibiscus, and melon leaf chrysanthemums, with a control rate of more than 80%. Spray flowers and trees once every 10 days with urea solution with a concentration of 2%, spray 2 or 3 times in a row, not only kill the aphids, red spiders and other pests above, but also make the leaves of flowers and trees shiny, and the flowers are large and gorgeous.

2) Rubbing method.

Rub a cotton ball dipped in vinegar on the camellia leaves, which can not only kill the scale insects on it, but also make the leaves that have been damaged by scale insects turn green again. Rubbing the orchid leaves repeatedly with alcohol can remove the scale insects on it. When the branches of the stump bonsai are rotten, you can first scrape off the rotten part of the stump with a blade sterilized by iodine wine, and then rub the iodine wine, and rub it again every 7 10 days to prevent it from continuing to rot.

3) Fertilization method.

When fertilizing the flowers, a small amount of silicon fertilizer is mixed to improve the hardness of the epidermal cells of the flowers and trees, thereby enhancing their ability to resist insect pests. Frequent sprinkling of plant ash can greatly reduce the incidence of gray mold in flowers such as peony, tulip, cyclamen, etc., and can also make the flower branches thick and colorful.

4) Injection method.

Woody flowers are often infested by dry-boring pests such as longhorn beetles and codling moths, and the branches will be hollowed out by pests in severe cases. In order to control this kind of pests, the larvae can be injected with 20% ammonia 20 30 ml into the wormhole during the larval hatching period, before the adult emergence, and the larvae overwintering period, and then, seal the cavity with clay or wax to kill the larvae or eggs.

Select disease-resistant varieties, strengthen the level of tillage management such as fertilizer and water, reasonable planting density, use insect trap lamps and sticky insect boards, release natural enemies or sex pheromones, manually catch pests or remove susceptible tissues.

Herbicide overdose and pesticide damage can be remedied by the following methods:

1. Water spraying: When it is clear that the spraying dose of herbicides is too large, it should be sprayed with water in time to remove foliar residues, reduce the concentration of herbicides in crops, and timely irrigate to promote the transpiration of wheat and reduce pesticide damage. Field irrigation water can also be used to continuously flush with fresh water, or combined with drainage to put lime and other methods to neutralize the acidic herbicides in the field and reduce the pesticide damage.

For the pesticide damage on the plant, the toxic residues on the plant can be washed away by sprinkler irrigation machinery or spraying equipment, and the poison attached to the leaves can be reduced.

2. Strengthen fertilizer and water management: when the pesticide damage is light, some leaves of crops appear brown spots, and the heart leaves are not dead, and some leaf losses can be compensated for by strengthening fertilizer and water management, and they can generally be recovered in a short time.

3. Spraying antidote or corresponding remedial agent: ferrous sulfate can reduce the pesticide damage of gram traces to wheat, and calcium polysulfide can make the residual simazine activity in the soil disappear. Due to the pesticide damage caused by auxin-type herbicides, gibberellin can be sprayed to reduce the pesticide damage; Due to the pesticide damage caused by contact herbicides, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed to promote the rapid recovery of crop growth, so as to relatively reduce the pesticide damage.

General herbicides are used in different concentrations for different grasses, such as auxins. There are herbicides that use the principle of auxin duality to kill dicot weeds in monocotyledonous fields. But at this time, if you are growing dicotyledonous vegetables, it will be harmed.

You can change the soil or choose to grow monocotyledonous vegetables.

If you find that you use the wrong agent, or use a pesticide that is sensitive to crops to apply too much, you can spray a large amount of water in time to water, and pay attention to drainage and irrigation.

If it is found that the crop has been slightly damaged, it is necessary to strengthen management and apply nitrogen fertilizer appropriately to promote the development of crops in the direction of normal growth and development. If the damage is severe, it is necessary to water, cultivate, and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in time to promote root development and enhance the recovery ability of plants as much as possible.

You can also use 6000 times of natural brassinin EC to relieve the damage.