What does biological control of pests mean?

The characteristics of biological pest control are that it is safe for humans and animals, no pollution, and does not form resistance, and there are three main methods: insect control, fungus insect control, and the use of other beneficial animals to control pests. The main methods of biological control "three methods of pests" are:

Insect control The use of natural enemy insects to control pests is called insect control, which includes the use of beneficial mites. The use of natural enemy insects is the most widely used and most widely used method of biological control. According to the way natural enemies feed insects, they can be divided into two categories, namely predatory natural enemies and parasitic natural enemies.

Predatory natural enemies: There are many types of predatory natural enemies, among which the effect is better. Ladybugs, lacewings, aphid-eating flies, insectivorous flies, insectivorous bugs, wasps, walking insects and predatory mites, etc., such natural enemies generally eat a large amount of insects, and in the process of their growth and development, they must eat several, dozens or even hundreds of insects to complete their development.

Therefore, the rampant effect of controlling pests in nature is very obvious. For example, the application of ladybugs, lacewings, wasps and other aphids and cotton bollworms in cotton fields has achieved certain results.

Parasitic predators: This type of predator parasitizes the body of pests, feeds on their body fluids and internal organs, and kills pests, mainly including parasitic wasps and parasitic flies. Parasitic wasps:

It is a bee that mainly parasitizes the body of other insects, and the control of agricultural pests is very extensive, and it has achieved certain results. For example, the use of red-eyed bees and cocoon bees to control pine caterpillars, corn borers, rice bracts, rice leaf rollers, pod borers, bean armyworms, soybean heartworms, bean moths, cotton bollworms, apple leaf rollers and other agricultural pests. All parasitic eggs, larvae and pupae cannot complete their development and die halfway.

Parasitic flies: mostly parasitize in the larvae or pupae of butterfly moths, feed on their internal nutrients, and cause their death. Parasitic flies often lay eggs on the larvae or pupae of other pests, and after hatching, the larvae burrow into the body to feed on body fluids.

Some eggs are laid on plant leaves and are fed by pests into the digestive tract for parasitism.

Treating insects with bacteria Treating insects with bacteria is to use the pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc.) of pests to control pests, among which bacteria and fungi are the most widely used. Treating insects with fungi has the advantages of fast reproduction, low dosage, no residue, no pollution, and can increase efficiency when mixed with a small amount of chemical pesticides, and the amount of use has been increasing in recent years. At present, there are the following categories of pathogenic microorganisms produced in China.

Bacteria: the most widely used insecticidal bacteria are Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus pineworm, green worm fungus and other bacillus kinds, which can control cabbage worm, cotton bollworm, corn borer, three chemical borer, rice leaf roller, rice bract, pine caterpillar and other agricultural and forestry pests, this kind of insecticidal bacteria have a strong toxic effect on lepidopteran insects, harmless and non-toxic to humans and animals, crops, beneficial insects, aquatic organisms, etc., and can be mixed with other pesticides. Fungi:

There are many types of fungi that can parasitize the insect body, among which Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium aeruginosa are more common. In China, Beauveria bassiana has been used to control dozens of pests such as soybean heartworm, corn borer, pine caterpillar, ground tiger, grub, etc., which have been very effective. At present, most of the bacterial drugs produced are bacterial powder, and the use must be diluted according to the required concentration.

Virus: Viruses are specialized in the parasitism of pests, and generally a virus only parasitizes one type of pest, which is harmless to natural enemies. The pathogenic characteristics of the virus are:

After the insect body is infected with the virus, it loses its appetite for a few days to ten days, its movement is sluggish, and finally it crawls to a high place, grabbing objects with its abdomen and feet, and the corpse hangs. The way for the virus to invade the worm body is mainly through the mouthparts, and the infected worms are all larvae; Adult worms can carry the virus, but they are not fatal. The method of use is to spray powder or spray during the larval hatching period, and about ten larval equivalents per mu can be used.

Use of other beneficial animals to control pests In addition to predatory and parasitic natural enemy insects, birds, frogs and other animals play a great role in controlling the development of pest populations. For example: using grey magpies to devour pine caterpillars; using ducks to peck at rice pests; When harvesting cotton and drying flowers, chickens are used to peck at the cotton red bollworms that are ready to overwinter; the use of woodpeckers to control forest pests; Frogs prey on various pests on the ground and rice fields; Bats eliminate a large number of nocturnal pests and moths, such as beetles.

Therefore, it is necessary to protect them from the organizational, legal, and technical aspects, and strengthen the beneficial activities of beneficial animals to serve agricultural production.

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Problem description: Analysis: Due to the long-term use of chemical pesticides, some pests have developed strong resistance, and the natural enemies of many pests have been killed in large quantities, resulting in some pests being very rampant. Many kinds of chemical pesticides seriously pollute water, air and soil, and enter the human body through the food chain, endangering people's health.

The use of biological control of pests and diseases can effectively avoid the above shortcomings, so it has a broad development prospect.

Biological control is the use of organisms and their metabolites to control plant pathogens, pests and weeds. It is a study of the essence of the use of natural enemy control, which is to use the interspecific relationship and intraspecific relationship of organisms to regulate the population density of pests, that is, the biota to control the biota. Biological control mainly includes four aspects:

1) Insect control, that is, the use of predatory and parasitic insects such as aphids, lacewings, parasitic wasps and ladybugs to control pests;

2) Insect treatment with microorganisms, that is, the use of insect pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc. and their metabolites (toxins, etc.) to control pests;

3) biological control of plant pathogenic bacteria, that is, the use of microorganisms or their metabolites (antibiomass, etc.) to control plant pathogenic bacteria (including pathogenic bacteria in the soil);

4) Biological control of weeds, that is, the use of herbivorous insects and obligate parasitic pathogens to control weeds. The content of biological control of plant pathogens, pests and weeds is different, but they all use the interspecific relationship of organisms and conform to the rules of mutual restraint and interdependence between organisms. By understanding this delicate relationship between organisms and making use of them, we can control the pests and diseases and promote the production of agriculture and forestry.

Summary. The measures include: insect control; Treat insects with bacteria; Treat diseases with bacteria; the use of antibiotics and insect hormones; Plant-derived or plant-based insecticides and fungicides.

What is biological control? What are the measures for biological control?

Hello, I've seen your question and I'm sorting out the answer, please wait a moment It refers to the method of using one creature against another.

The measures include: insect control; Treat insects with bacteria; Treat diseases with bacteria; the use of antibiotics and insect hormones; Plant-derived or plant-based insecticides and fungicides.