What are the advantages of biological control? Advantages of biological control

The advantages of reducing the population density of pests such as weeds and pests. It takes advantage of the interrelationships between biological species to suppress one or another class of organisms against another.

Leverage ecosystems.

Ecological phenomena and certain biological characteristics that are interdependent and mutually restrictive among various organisms, in order to prevent and control organisms that endanger the health of agriculture, storage, buildings and populations. Biological control can be roughly divided into three categories: insect control, bird insect control and fungus insect control.

The contents include: 1) the use of microbial control. Common applications include fungi, bacteria, viruses and antibiotics that can secrete antibiotics, such as the use of Beauveria bassiana to control Masson pine caterpillars.

fungus), Bacillus thuringiensis.

Various variant preparations are used to control a variety of forestry pests (bacteria), the crude extract of the virus is used to control the poisonous moth of cypress, pine caterpillar, paulownia bagmoth and other (viruses), and 5406 is used to control seedling blight (actinomycetes) and microsporidia to control the dance moth.

and other larvae (protozoa, Taishan No. 1 to control longhorn beetles (nematodes).

2) Use parasitic natural enemies for prevention and control. There are mainly parasitic wasps and parasitic flies, the most common are red-eyed bees, parasitic flies and other pests such as pine caterpillars, swollen-legged wasps.

Control of longhorn beetle, and control of horned aphid wasps to control loose round scales.

It will not cause environmental pollution.

Due to the long-term use of chemical pesticides, some pests have developed strong resistance, and the natural enemies of many pests have been killed in large quantities, resulting in some pests being very rampant. Many kinds of chemical pesticides seriously pollute water, air and soil, and enter the human body through the food chain, endangering people's health.

Biological control uses the interrelationship between biological species to control pests and diseases of crops with one or a class of organisms. Its biggest advantage is that it does not pollute the environment and saves pesticide funds, which is incomparable with non-biological pest control methods such as pesticides.

Organisms used for biological control can be divided into three categories:

1. Predatory organisms, including lacewings, ladybugs, walking insects, teratosis, blunt mites, spiders, frogs, toads, mosquito-eating fish, forktail fish and many insectivorous birds.

2. Parasitic organisms, including parasitic wasps, parasitic flies, etc.

3. Pathogenic microorganisms, including Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, etc. In China, the use of large red ladybug to control citrus blowing scale, the use of Beauveria bassiana to control soybean heartworm and corn borer, the use of golden bee to control overwintering red bollworm, and the use of red wasp to control cane borer have been successful.

The use of natural enemy organisms, microorganisms and their derivatives to control pests and diseases is called biological control. Main content:

1) Use insect predators.

For example, the use of red-eyed bees to control lepidopteran pests such as cabbage worm, diamondback moth, Spodoptera litura, cabbage borer, cotton bollworm; Lacewings can prey on aphids, whiteflies, leaf mites and a variety of lepidopteran pest eggs and hatchling larvae; Cocoon bees control aphids, aphid wasps control mites, ladybugs, aphid-eating flies, hunting bugs, etc. For the natural enemies of these predatory insects, attention should be paid to the protection and utilization.

2) Microbial control.

Brassica moth (produced by Tiangang Bioengineering in Nanning, Guangxi), Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), Beauveria bassiana, and Metarhizium aeruginosa can control diamondback moth and cabbage worm; Insect viruses such as Spodoptera exigua karyopolyhedrovirus can control Spodoptera exigua; Cotton bollworm karyopolyhedrovirus can control cotton bollworm and tobacco green worm; Diamondback moth and cabbageworm granulosa virus can control diamondback moth and cabbageworm, respectively. Protozoa such as avermectin and microsporidia can control a variety of pests.

3) Biopharmaceuticals.

Agricultural antibiotics such as agricultural antibiotics 120 and polyantimycin can control cataplexy, downy mildew, powdery mildew, blight, black spot and blight; Jinggangmycin controls blight, white silk disease, sheath blight, etc.; Berberine, gentamicin, and noromycin control bacterial diseases such as soft rot, canker, bacterial wilt and bacterial spot disease; Qingfengmycin for the prevention and control of soft rot and bacterial spot disease; Agricultural antibiotics such as Qingfengmycin, Wuyimycin, polyantimycin and neophytomycin can prevent and control a variety of diseases; cucumber mosaic virus satellite vaccine S32 and tobacco mosaic virus attenuated vaccine N14 for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases; Plant-derived pesticides such as azadirachtin and libutrol solutions can reduce the damage of diamondback moth, Spodoptera exigua and whitefly; Marine, neem, nicotine, etc. have a certain control effect on a variety of vegetable pests; Insect hormones such as rice man, kakyak, and taibao can also control vegetable pests; The sex attractants of various hearteaters can trap their male adults and predict the emergence of adults.

Biological control refers to the use of certain insects, fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, nematodes, predatory insects and mites, beneficial birds, fish, amphibians, etc. that can parasitize pests, and use antibiotics to control pathogenic bacteria, that is, to treat insects with insects, to treat insects with bacteria, to treat bacteria with bacteria, and to treat diseases with bacteria. The biggest advantage of biological control is that it does not pollute the environment, and it is incomparable with non-biological pest control methods such as pesticides. The use of biological control of pests and diseases does not pollute the environment and does not affect human health, and has broad prospects for development.

Biological control is convenient for local production and local application, has a wide range of applications, and has broad development prospects.

Compared with chemical control, it can protect and improve the ecological environment of farmland, do not pollute the environment, reduce the amount of residual poison, and be safe for people and animals. It is beneficial to delay the occurrence and development of pest resistance, and in the case of continuous use, it has a continuous and long-lasting inhibitory effect on some pests and diseases.

The main case

In the United States, Bacillus thuringiensis is used to control larch leaf wasps, dance moths, and spruce bud leaf rollers; In the Soviet Union, the use of nuclear polyhedrovirus and granular virus to control the American white moth was also successful.

A team of scientists organized by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in Manila studied the effects of pesticide use on rice and rice growers in the Philippines.

International researchers have a strong deal against diamondback moths – bees smaller than it. Diamondback moths are the most destructive pest to crops in Japan. Its larvae devour stem cabbage, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, baby turnips, and Brussels sprouts. Diamondback moths have adapted to chemical pesticides.

The diamondback moth's predator wasp is so small that it is difficult to see without a magnifying glass. When it lays its eggs, it lays its eggs in the larvae of diamondback moths. When the eggs hatch into larvae, the larvae eat the diamondback moth larvae, which is even more effective if a commonly used natural insecticide that does not pollute the environment is used in conjunction with this method of insect control.

Answer B Biological control is based on the food chain, using the natural enemies of agricultural and forestry pests to eliminate pests, and this method will not cause environmental pollution.

It is incomparable with non-biological pest control methods such as pesticides.

It will not cause environmental pollution.

Due to the long-term use of chemical pesticides, some pests have developed strong resistance, and the natural enemies of many pests have been killed in large numbers, resulting in rampant pests. A variety of chemical pesticides seriously pollute water, air and soil, and enter the human body through the food chain, endangering people's health.

Biological control is the use of the relationship between biological species, the use of one or a class of organisms to control crop diseases and pests. Its biggest advantage is that it does not pollute the environment and saves pesticide money, which is incomparable to non-biological pest control methods such as pesticides.

Organisms used for biological control can be divided into three categories:

1.Predatory organisms, including lacewings, ladybugs, walking insects, teratos, blunt mites, spiders, frogs, toads, mosquito-eating fish, catfish, and many insectivorous birds.

2.Parasites, including parasitic wasps, parasitic flies, etc.

3.Pathogenic microorganisms, including Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana. In China, red ladybug is used to control orange fruit fly, Beauveria bassiana is used to control soybean heartworm and corn borer, golden bee is used to control overwintering red cotton bollworm, and red bee is used to control sugarcane borer.

Biological control is the use of organisms and their metabolites to control plant pathogens, pests and weeds. It is a study of the essence of the use of natural enemy control, which is to use the interspecific relationship and intraspecific relationship of organisms to regulate the population density of pests, that is, the biota to control the biota.

Biological control mainly includes four aspects: 1. Insect control, that is, the use of predatory and parasitic insects such as aphids, lacewings, parasitic wasps and ladybugs to control pests; 2. Insect treatment with microorganisms, that is, the use of insect pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and their metabolites to control pests; 3. Biological control of plant pathogenic bacteria, that is, the use of microorganisms or their metabolites to prevent and control plant pathogenic bacteria; 4. Biological control of weeds, that is, the use of herbivorous insects and pathogenic bacteria that are obligate to weeds to control weeds.