What are the tips for spraying vegetables to prevent pests?

When growing vegetables, insect pests are one of the important factors that hinder the normal growth of vegetables. If the vegetables are infested, the vegetables will not look good. So many vegetable farmers will spray pesticides to prevent insects, so what are the tips in it?

1. Tips for preventing aphids and leaf-eating pests.

Vegetable farmers should be aware of aphids and leaf-eating pests, they are very fond of eating the young leaves of vegetables, and they are also very fond of sucking vegetable juice, which mainly concentrates on the back of vegetable juice or on the young branches. To deal with these two types of pests, you should use the way of drawing circles and dots to spray, that is, put a leaf of a plant on the nozzle of the sprayer to spray a circle, and then spray it on the tender head, so that the plant and the insect body can all come into contact with the agent, and have a better control effect. There are also some insects that they like to come out at night, so they can spray at night and not during the day, because they will not come out during the day.

2. Spray pesticides according to the growth characteristics of the host.

We all know that the growth characteristics of every plant are different, some plants like to grow during the day and bloom during the day, but some plants like to grow at night and bloom at night. For example, in the summer, the loofah blooms after 7 a.m., after which the petals are all closed. But the parasites of the loofah are all inside the petals, so pesticides should be sprayed when it is blooming.

In this way, it can effectively play a role in preventing pests and diseases. It is best to spray pesticides at 9 a.m. so that the parasite can come into full contact with the agent and die.

3. Summary. Therefore, do not underestimate the process of spraying pesticides, although vegetable farmers spray pesticides very simply, but they have mastered the laws of parasites and plant growth, so they can spray pesticides at the most effective time, in order to effectively prevent pests and diseases. So if you spray pesticides at the right time, then you can kill the parasites, and if you spray pesticides at the wrong time, even if you spray more pesticides, the parasites will be able to escape.

The best way to do this is to pay attention to physical insect protection measures. Try to have a ventilated environment, pay attention to drainage and irrigation, avoid stagnant water in the field, apply fertilizer properly and use pesticides.

At this time, it is necessary to choose the right pesticide, and then when spraying pesticides, we must choose the right way, we must pay attention to the right distance and the right density, and then do not spray pesticides during the peak period, and pay attention to the appropriate type and dosage.

First of all, we must choose the right pesticide, but also should pay attention to the proportion and dosage of pesticides, we must pay attention to the properties of pesticides, and then prescribe the right medicine, pay attention to the amount of pesticides sprayed, should avoid rainy or windy weather spraying, spraying pesticides should also pay attention to protect themselves, do not spray on the **, should wear protective clothing.

The skills of vegetable spraying to prevent pests are as follows: install an insect-proof net, and during the growing period of vegetables, you can cover the trellis with a 50-mesh insect-proof net; Barrier prevention When the place where pests and diseases occur, farmers on the leaves, they need to pay attention to the changes in the leaves at all times, and if there is a situation of infection, it is necessary to remove the leaves in time to block the development of pests and diseases; From April to October every year, an insecticidal lamp can be installed in 30 to 50 acres of land in the United States, but it should be noted that the insecticidal lamp should be placed meters above the ground.

1. Treat insects with fertilizer.

Urea has the effect of destroying insect chitin, and the "urine washing agent" prepared by mixing urea, laundry detergent and water in the ratio of 4 1 400 has a good control effect on various pests such as aphids, cabbage worms and red spiders that harm vegetables and flowers; In the egg-laying period of cabbage worms, spraying with 1%-3% lime water or 1%-3% superphosphate extract can avoid more than 52% of eggs within a week, and the effect can reach 84% on the fifth day.

2. Treat live insects with dead insects.

Pick up 100 grams of cabbage worms per mu, mash and rot, mix 250 ml with water, add 50 grams of washing powder, and then mix 50 kg with water, and spray the body fluid of cabbage worms to prevent and control cabbage worms, and the effect can reach more than 90%.

3. Grass trapping.

Taking advantage of the habit of crickets liking to inhabit the thin layer of grass, the small grass piles with a thickness of 10-20 cm are evenly placed in the field in a row of 5 meters and a pile of 3 meters, and the grass is harvested and killed the next day; It is even more effective if you put some poison bait under the grass pile or make a burrow with a wooden stick with a diameter of 3-5 cm. This method is not easy to promote on a large scale, but it is very suitable for application in vegetable fields.

4. Yellow plate booby-trap.

Aphids, whiteflies, etc. have a strong tropism to yellow, and yellow plates can be set to trap adults. The method is: cut the fiberboard or cardboard into 1 meter strips, paint them orange peel yellow, and then coat them with a layer of sticky oil (mix well with No. 10 engine oil and a little butter), 32-34 pieces per mu, and place them between the rows, so that the bottom of the yellow board is level or slightly higher than the top of the plant.

When aphids, whiteflies, etc. stick to the surface of the board, it is necessary to recoat the viscous oil in time, generally 7-10 days to recoat once.

5. Extrasexual hormone booby-trapping.

The use of extrasexual hormones to control pests is a new technology for insect control that has been developed in recent years. At present, there are roughly three forms of extrasexual hormones: the use of synthetic extrasexual hormones (called "sexual attractants"), the use of crude extracts of extrasexual hormones, and the direct use of live females that have not copulated.

The use of female moth live trapping, easy to operate, low cost, easy to promote, when the number of insects is small, the application effect is obvious. The practice is: use 50-60 mesh anti-tremor Zheng insect net to make a round cage with a length of 10 cm and a diameter of 3 cm, put 1-2 female moths without mating tails in each cage (you can collect female pupae in the field first and put them in the cage, and set aside after feathering), hang the cage on the water basin, fill the water in the water basin and add a little kerosene, put it in the field after dusk, and trap a lot of male moths every night.

After the planting site is tidied up, directly plant garlic or leeks, after the young leaves grow, use human urine to match the appropriate amount of water to drench garlic or leeks, sprinkle plant ash on the compartment to control pests and diseases, or soak the plant ash with water, and spray the leaves with appropriate water to prevent pests and diseases. The fields are treated with pesticides and fungicides before vegetables are planted, and then ploughed with a torla. Basic soil pest control is good.

<> is to use pesticides to kill insects, which is harmful to the body, and some people choose to plant their own, but there are too many pests or the roots rot and die. How to grow healthy vegetables without pesticides There are two ways to plant vegetables, farmhouse fertilizer is indispensable, put some laundry detergent solution in farmhouse fertilizer has very strong adhesion, wettability and spreadability, after spraying on the pest, not only can make the winged pest's wing adhesion unable to fly and move, and the laundry detergent solution can quickly spread to the surface of the insect body, and form a layer of impermeability.

Regarding the prevention and control of vegetable diseases and pests, Chengdu New Chaoyang has launched a special "flower, fruit, and high-yield green prevention special **" for fruits and vegetables to help everyone produce high-quality, safe and high-quality agricultural products to increase production and income. 5 kg of peach tree, 100 grams of lime, soak in 3 times of water for 5 hours, squeeze the peach leaves dry and remove the slag, add 10 kg of water per kilogram, spray, can control cotton aphid, corn borer, rice insects. It can also be boiled with peach leaves and filtered.

Before planting, the soil is deeply turned to improve air permeability, and at the same time, comprehensive disinfection is carried out to eliminate possible pathogenic bacteria. In the process of management, according to the types and characteristics of vegetables planted scientifically, try to use organic fertilizer or a more general problem. Different vegetables, different seasons, different environments, different pest control measures are different.

It's hard to be specific. However, one thing is the same, prevention is the main thing, and treatment is the secondary. In early spring, the dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, and bad fruits in the greenhouse or in the open field are cleaned up and manure or buried deep to eliminate the overwintering adults or nymphs and reduce pathogens.

In addition, at the appropriate time, remove the lesions on the branches of fruit trees and the pathogens remaining in the cracks.

In the early stage of the disease and before the need to spray, it is necessary to find the center of the disease, remove the central disease plant in time, and take away, bury deeply, dry, burn and spray the drug to prevent the spread of the disease; Insect control, the whole process of vegetable production can be hung yellow plate + sexual attractant to trap and kill, and the prevention and control of insect pests can be placed, sprinkled or sprayed with drugs to kill.

First of all, when spraying pesticides, we should dilute the pesticides, and secondly, we should also spray as little as possible with the center of the vegetables, and also spray the bottom of the vegetables.

It is necessary to make reasonable arrangements according to the specific situation of vegetables, so that it can be carried out preventively and will not be used indiscriminately.

Most of the viral diseases of vegetables are chronic diseases of the whole plant, and the external symptoms are often mosaic leaves, green fading, ring spots, dead spots, dwarf bushes and leaf shrinkage. The difference between viral diseases, fungal diseases and bacterial diseases is that the occurrence of viral diseases has obvious spread from point to area, and the transmission of viruses depends on insect transmission, sap contact and grafting infection.

Know the appropriate dosage and concentration of the drug

Under normal circumstances, the higher the concentration of the liquid medicine, the better the efficacy, but the concentration of too high the liquid medicine causes the residue of the liquid medicine to be easy to cause pesticide damage, and the infiltration will also increase the resistance of the bacteria. The dosage should be prepared in strict accordance with the instructions.

Control the number of applications and master reasonable intervals

The number of pesticide application is too excessive and the interval is too short, which is easy to cause pesticide damage. Generally, the expiration date of the liquid medicine is 7-10 days, so the interval between each time is 7-10 days. The number of pesticide applications for greenhouse vegetables is 2-3 times per month, and no more than 4 times.

Seize the critical period of disease prevention and achieve early prevention

Seedling stage:During the seedling period, the seedlings are small, weak in disease resistance and susceptible to bacterial infection, so a protective fungicide should be sprayed, such as chlorothalonil and mancozeb, to ensure that the seedlings are not infected by pathogens.

After planting and slowing down the seedlings:After slowing down the seedling, the growth rate of the plant is accelerated, and the diseases and pests are easy to occur, a protective spraying should be carried out to form a protective film around the plant to prevent the infection of pathogens.

Young fruiting stage:After flowering and fruiting, the vegetative growth shifts to the period of reproductive growth and vegetative growth, and the leaves are less nutritious and susceptible to diseases, so they should be sprayed in time to prevent it.

Peak Harvest Period:During the peak harvest period, most of the nutrients absorbed by the plants were taken away by the state potato fruits, and the disease resistance of the plants was significantly weakened, and the number of watering times increased, and the humidity in the shed was high, which made it easy to get sick. Therefore, spraying should be carried out before watering, and field inspection should be carried out at the same time, and the central diseased plant should be applied immediately after being found to be resistant to it.

Improve spraying technology and ensure the quality of medication

Spraying should be comprehensive:When spraying, it should be done without missing spraying, not re-spraying, not missing rows, and not missing trees. Spray from the bottom of the leaf of the plant upwards, both sides and sides evenly.

When spraying, focus on the point:The leaves around the diseased plant should be sprayed with susceptibility, and the middle and upper leaves of the plant should be sprayed with susceptibility.

Under normal circumstances, when the light is strong, the temperature is high, and the humidity is high, the plant respiration and photosynthesis are strong, and the stomata on the surface of the stem and leaves are opened, which is conducive to the entry of the liquid medicine. However, too strong light and too high temperature can easily cause dissolution or damage to the liquid, so it is not suitable to spray around noon. The best time to apply pesticides is when the temperature is 20-25 and the humidity is 70-75% in the morning on a sunny day.

The management of vegetables must follow the principle of green environmental protection, can not be used indiscriminately, vegetables are different from wheat, corn has a long growth period, vegetables belong to seasonal products, can be eaten at any time, the cycle is short, try to choose biological pesticides, no impact on human health.

If you plant less, it is recommended that you catch insects by hand, if the area is large should choose chemical control, now there are a lot of biological insecticides, good effect, green environmental protection, no harm to people, general aphids, you directly use a high-pressure sprayer with water on the line, no need to put medicine, if it is a disease can choose to spray in advance, do not wait for sick in the medicine is difficult to prevent, vegetable farmers have a mantra, do not see insects in medicine, do not see disease prevention, which means do not wait for pests to prevent and control, there are many diseases are no way** Target.

Now there are a lot of biological pesticides, all of which are low toxicity and high efficiency, when there is nothing to do, look at the management plan of vegetables, what vegetables have a disease cycle, when to occur what insects, what diseases to occur, so according to the plan in advance, this is the best way. Now there are also biological fertilizers, which can be used as pesticides, but also can be used as fertilizers, which is particularly convenient, such fertilizers are the raw materials for the manufacture of green vegetables, its mechanism of action is to kill pests, and then the pests eat the corpses of pests and have the effect of insecticide, this fertilizer is currently a relatively advanced insecticide, and large vegetable bases are widely used.

Some old vegetable growers have their own soil methods, and the effect is also very good, you can consult more old vegetable farmers, so the pest control of vegetables must follow the purpose of green environmental protection and health. From winter to spring, in the south, due to the lack of rain, the temperature slowly rises, and insect pests such as planthoppers occur in vegetable fields and fruits. If the soil is dry due to water shortage, the insect infestation will be more serious.

Pesticides should be sprayed immediately according to climate change, and then irrigated every two days or so to maintain soil moisture and increase fertilizer to ensure the normal growth of vegetables and fruits.